'Moon' in the Bible

God made the two great lights—the greater light (the sun) to rule the day, and the lesser light (the moon) to rule the night; He made the [galaxies of] stars also [that is, all the amazing wonders in the heavens].

But Joseph dreamed still another dream, and told it to his brothers [as well]. He said, “See here, I have again dreamed a dream, and lo, [this time I saw] eleven stars and the sun and the moon bowed down [in respect] to me!”

These are in addition to the burnt offering of the New Moon and its grain offering, and the continual burnt offering and its grain offering, and their drink offerings, according to the ordinance for them, as a sweet and soothing aroma, an offering by fire to the Lord.

And beware that you do not raise your eyes toward heaven and see the sun and the moon and the stars, all the host of heaven, and let yourselves be led astray and worship them and serve them, [mere created bodies] which the Lord your God has allotted to [serve and benefit] all the peoples under the whole heaven.

and has gone and served other gods and worshiped them, or the sun or the moon or any of the heavenly host, [doing these things] which I have commanded not to do,

Then Joshua spoke to the Lord on the day when the Lord handed over the Amorites to the sons of Israel, and Joshua said in the sight of Israel,“Sun, stand still at Gibeon,And moon, in the Valley of Aijalon.”

So the sun stood still, and the moon stopped,Until the nation [of Israel] took vengeance upon their enemies.Is it not written in the Book of Jashar? So the sun stood still in the middle of the sky and was in no hurry to go down for about a whole day.

David said to Jonathan, “Behold, tomorrow is the New Moon [observance], and I should sit at the table to eat [the sacrificial meal] with the king; but let me go, so that I may hide myself in the field until the third evening.

Then Jonathan said to David, “Tomorrow is the New Moon [festival], and you will be missed because your seat will be empty.

So David hid in the field; and when the New Moon [festival] came, the king sat down to eat food.

But on the next day, the second day of the new moon, David’s place was empty [again]; and Saul said to Jonathan his son, “Why has the son of Jesse not come to the meal, either yesterday or today?”

He said, “Why are you going to him today? It is neither the New Moon nor the Sabbath.” And she said, “It will be all right.”

He got rid of the idolatrous priests whom the kings of Judah had ordained to burn incense [to pagan gods] in the high places in Judah’s cities and all around Jerusalem—also those who burned incense to Baal, to the sun, to the moon, to the constellations [of the zodiac], and to all the [starry] host of heaven.

and to offer all burnt sacrifices to the Lord on the Sabbaths, the new moons, and the festivals by number according to the ordinance concerning them, continually before the Lord.

and afterward, there was the continual burnt offering, the offering at the New Moons, and at all the appointed festivals of the Lord that were consecrated, and the offerings of everyone who made a voluntary offering to the Lord.

“Behold, even the moon has no brightness [compared to God’s majesty and glory]And the stars are not pure in His sight,

If I beheld the sun [as an object of worship] when it shoneOr the moon going in its splendor,

When I see and consider Your heavens, the work of Your fingers,The moon and the stars, which You have established,

Let them fear You [with awe-inspired reverence and worship You with obedience] while the sun endures,And as long as the moon [reflects light], throughout all generations.

In his days may the righteous flourish,And peace abound until the moon is no more.

Blow the trumpet at the New Moon,At the full moon, on our feast day.

“It shall be established forever like the moon,And the witness in the heavens is ever faithful.” Selah.

He made the moon for the seasons;The sun knows the [exact] place of its setting.

The sun will not strike you by day,Nor the moon by night.

The moon and stars to rule by night,For His lovingkindness endures forever;

Praise Him, sun and moon:Praise Him, all stars of light!

He has taken a bag of money with him,And he will come home on the appointed day.”

before the sun and the light, and the moon and the stars are darkened [by impaired vision], and the clouds [of depression] return after the rain [of tears];

‘Who is this that looks down like the dawn,Fair and beautiful as the full moon,Clear and pure as the sun,As majestic as an army with banners?’

“I hate [the hypocrisy of] your New Moon festivals and your appointed feasts.They have become a burden to Me;I am weary of bearing them.

For the stars of heaven and their constellationsWill not flash with their light;The sun will be dark when it rises,And the moon will not shed its light.

Then the full moon will be embarrassed and the sun ashamed,For the Lord of hosts will reign on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem,And His glory and brilliance will shine before His elders.

The light of the full moon will be like the light of the sun, and the light of the sun will be seven times brighter, like the light of seven days [concentrated in one], in the day the Lord binds up the fracture of His people and heals the wound He has inflicted [because of their sins].

“The sun will no longer be your light by day,Nor shall the bright glow of the moon give light to you,But the Lord will be an everlasting light for you;And your God will be your glory and splendor.

“Your sun will no longer set,Nor will your moon wane;For the Lord will be your everlasting light,And the days of your mourning will be over.

“And it shall be that from New Moon to New MoonAnd from Sabbath to Sabbath,All mankind will come to bow down and worship before Me,” says the Lord.

They will [carelessly scatter and] spread them out before the sun and the moon and all the host of heaven, which the dead have loved and which they have served, and which they have walked after and which they have sought, and which they have worshiped. They will not be gathered or be buried; they will be like dung on the face of the earth.

Thus says the Lord,Who gives the sun for light by dayAnd the fixed order of the moon and of the stars for light by night,Who stirs up the sea’s roaring billows or stills the waves when they roar;The Lord of hosts is His name:

“And when I extinguish you,I will cover the heavens [of Egypt] and darken their stars;I will cover the sun with a cloudAnd the moon will not give its light.

‘Thus says the Lord God, “The gate of the inner courtyard that faces east shall be shut during the six working days, but it shall be opened on the Sabbath day and opened on the day of the New Moon.

On the day of the New Moon he shall offer a young bull without blemish, also six lambs and a ram, without blemish.

The wind [of God’s relentless wrath] has wrapped up Israel in its wings,And [in captivity] they will be ashamed because of their sacrifices [to calves, to sun, to moon, to stars, and to pagan gods].

They have dealt treacherously against the Lord,For they have borne illegitimate (pagan) children.Now the New Moon will devour them along with their land [bringing judgment and captivity].

The earth quakes before them,The heavens tremble,The sun and the moon grow darkAnd the stars lose their brightness.

“The sun will be turned into darknessAnd the moon into bloodBefore the great and terrible day of the Lord comes.

The sun and the moon grow darkAnd the stars lose their brightness.

saying,“When will the New Moon [festival] be overSo that we may sell grain,And the Sabbath ended so that we may open the wheat market,Making the ephah [measure] smaller and the shekel bigger [that is, selling less for a higher price]And to cheat by falsifying the scales,

The sun and moon stood in their places [as before Joshua];They went away at the light of Your [swift] arrows,At the radiance and gleam of Your glittering spear.

“Immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not provide its light, and the stars will fall from the sky, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken.

“But in those days, after [the suffering and distress of] that tribulation, the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light,

“There will be signs (attesting miracles) in the sun and moon and stars; and on the earth [there will be] distress and anguish among nations, in perplexity at the roaring and tossing of the sea and the waves,

‘The sun shall be turned into darknessAnd the moon into blood,Before the great and glorious day of the Lord comes.

There are also heavenly bodies [sun, moon and stars] and earthly bodies [humans, animals, and plants], but the glory and beauty of the heavenly is one kind, and the glory of the earthly is another.

There is a glory and beauty of the sun, another glory of the moon, and yet another [distinctive] glory of the stars; and one star differs from another in glory and brilliance.

Therefore let no one judge you in regard to food and drink or in regard to [the observance of] a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day.

I looked when He (the Lamb) broke open the sixth seal, and there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth [made] of hair, and the whole moon became like blood;

Then the fourth angel sounded [his trumpet], and a third of the sun and a third of the moon and a third of the stars were struck, so that a third of them would be darkened and a third of the daylight would not shine, and the night in the same way [would not shine].

And a great sign [warning of an ominous and frightening future event] appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, with the moon beneath her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars.

And the city has no need of the sun nor of the moon to give light to it, for the glory (splendor, radiance) of God has illumined it, and the Lamb is its lamp and light.