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- Opus Dei is a personal prelature within the Roman Church that has been the subject of numerous controversies.Throughout its history, Opus Dei has been criticized by many, including by numerary members who knew the founder and had roles in Opus Dei's internal government. The reports by former members in the USA, England, Spain, Latin America, France, Germany, and other countries are published. Journalists have described it as "the most controversial force in the Catholic Church" and its founder Josemaría Escrivá as a "polarizing" figure. The canonization process of Escrivá has been described as unreliable. Former members who worked and lived with him for years reported that they "did not recognize" the highly flattering portrait of Escrivá promoted by Opus Dei at the time of the canonization process as the same man they had known. Numerous members also reported being excluded from the process because prelate Javier Echevarría feared that they would reveal unflattering facts about Escrivá. Another former member has reported that John Paul II allowed an unusually swift canonization of Escrivá because Opus Dei had bailed out the Vatican Bank with $250 million in 1985. Those who question the validity of the canonization of Escrivá note that John Paul II was naïve in the cases of Theodore McCarrick and Marcial Maciel, both of whom procured large sums of money for the Vatican, like Opus Dei. Controversies about Opus Dei have centered on allegations of secretiveness, but also on sexual abuse cases in Spain, Mexico, Uruguay, Chile, and the United States; cases that were investigated and canonical sanctions were applied to the perpetrators. Controversies have to do with recruiting methods aimed at teenagers becoming numeraries; the illicit use of psychiatric drugs in its central headquarters; the misleading of its lay faithful about their status and rights under Canon Law; the "mortification of the flesh" practiced by its celibate members (cilice, discipline, and sleeping on a board); elitism and misogyny; and support of authoritarian or right-wing governments, including the reactionary Franco regime. According to former members of Opus Dei, the controversies about Opus Dei are rooted in practices institutionalized while Escrivá was alive and are written into internal documents and orally-transmitted customs that have not been reviewed by the Catholic Church. Some of the more famous former numeraries who have reported on these matters are: Maria del Carmen Tapia, Secretary to Escrivá in Rome and commissioned by Escrivá to start the women's branch of Opus Dei in Venezuela; Vladimir Felzmann, a numerary priest; Miguel Fisac, who accompanied Escrivá across the Pyrenees during the Spanish Civil War and lived for years with him in Rome; Antonio Perez Tenessa, Secretary General of Opus Dei and regional director of Opus Dei in Spain; and María Angustias Moreno. Opus Dei has also been criticized for allegedly seeking independence and more influence within the Catholic Church. According to some journalists, criticisms against Opus Dei are based on jealousy or fabrications by opponents. Critics respond that some of these journalists are associated with Opus Dei, and that none of them interviewed numeraries who left Opus Dei in protest or examined internal governing documents. Defenders of Opus Dei point out that John Paul II and other Catholic leaders have endorsed Opus Dei's teaching on the sanctifying value of work, and its fidelity to Catholic beliefs. (en)
- El Opus Dei es una de las instituciones de la Iglesia católica que ha generado más controversias en la actualidad. Al mismo tiempo que ha encontrado apoyo en los Papas y en líderes católicos considerados conservadores, ha sido criticado por diferentes grupos considerados progresistas, además de muchos exmiembros. (es)
- Ao longo do tempo, o Opus Dei atraiu muitos críticos, gerando controvérsia ao redor desta instituição da Igreja Católica. As críticas dos oponentes do Opus Dei têm-se diferenciado, sendo que uns alegam que os membros do Opus Dei praticam um apostolado agressivo; outros criticam esta instituição pelo seu secretismo e pela sua influência na Igreja, política e sociedade; outros condenam as práticas de mortificação corporal; e ainda outros apontam um suposto conservadorismo na teologia que consideram existir no Opus Dei. Por outro lado, o Opus Dei foi apoiado por Papas e líderes católicos. Segundo alguns jornalistas que estudaram esta prelatura separadamente, a maioria das críticas dirigidas ao Opus Dei são mitos criados pelos seus oponentes. Segundo estes, os mitos geraram-se devido a rumores sem fundamento ou a interpretações incorretas do espírito e estrutura do Opus Dei ou, até mesmo, da doutrina católica. Para outros, como o cardeal Julián Herranz Casado, as críticas ao Opus Dei resultam de uma desaprovação generalizada da religião, nomeadamente do Catolicismo, dizendo que o "Opus Dei foi vítima de Cristianofobia". (pt)
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- El Opus Dei es una de las instituciones de la Iglesia católica que ha generado más controversias en la actualidad. Al mismo tiempo que ha encontrado apoyo en los Papas y en líderes católicos considerados conservadores, ha sido criticado por diferentes grupos considerados progresistas, además de muchos exmiembros. (es)
- Opus Dei is a personal prelature within the Roman Church that has been the subject of numerous controversies.Throughout its history, Opus Dei has been criticized by many, including by numerary members who knew the founder and had roles in Opus Dei's internal government. The reports by former members in the USA, England, Spain, Latin America, France, Germany, and other countries are published. Journalists have described it as "the most controversial force in the Catholic Church" and its founder Josemaría Escrivá as a "polarizing" figure. (en)
- Ao longo do tempo, o Opus Dei atraiu muitos críticos, gerando controvérsia ao redor desta instituição da Igreja Católica. As críticas dos oponentes do Opus Dei têm-se diferenciado, sendo que uns alegam que os membros do Opus Dei praticam um apostolado agressivo; outros criticam esta instituição pelo seu secretismo e pela sua influência na Igreja, política e sociedade; outros condenam as práticas de mortificação corporal; e ainda outros apontam um suposto conservadorismo na teologia que consideram existir no Opus Dei. (pt)
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