Ink-constrained halftoning with application to QR codes

Marzieh Bayeh; Erin Compaan; Theodore Lindsey; Nathan Orlow; Stephen Melczer; Zachary Voller

doi:10.1117/12.2044217

3 February 2014 Ink-constrained halftoning with application to QR codes

Marzieh Bayeh, Erin Compaan, Theodore Lindsey, Nathan Orlow, Stephen Melczer, Zachary Voller

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 9015, Color Imaging XIX: Displaying, Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications; 90150U (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2044217
Event: IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, 2014, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

This paper examines adding visually significant, human recognizable data into QR codes without affecting their machine readability by utilizing known methods in image processing. Each module of a given QR code is broken down into pixels, which are halftoned in such a way as to keep the QR code structure while revealing aspects of the secondary image to the human eye. The loss of information associated to this procedure is discussed, and entropy values are calculated for examples given in the paper. Numerous examples of QR codes with embedded images are included.

Citation Download Citation

Marzieh Bayeh, Erin Compaan, Theodore Lindsey, Nathan Orlow, Stephen Melczer, and Zachary Voller "Ink-constrained halftoning with application to QR codes", Proc. SPIE 9015, Color Imaging XIX: Displaying, Processing, Hardcopy, and Applications, 90150U (3 February 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2044217

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