A simple image compression scheme is presented for various types of images, which include color/grayscale images, color-quantized images, and bilevel images such as document and digital halftone images. It is a bitplane coding composed of a new context modeling and adaptive binary arithmetic coding. A target bit to be encoded is conditioned by the estimates of the neighboring pixels including non-causal locations. Several functionalities are also integrated. They are arbitrary shaped ROI transmission, selective tile partitioning, accuracy scalability, and others. The proposed bitplane codec is competitive with JPEG-LS in lossless compression of 8-bit grayscale and 24-bit color images. The proposed codec is close to JBIG2 in bilevel image compression. It outperforms the existing standards in compression of 8-bit color-quantized images.