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Cells
Volume 13
Issue 22
10.3390/cells13221893
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Systematic Review

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Liver DNA Methylation Analysis—A Systematic Review

by
Daniela Stols-Gonçalves
1,*,
Abraham S. Meijnikman
1,
Luca Schiliró Tristão
2,
Clara Lucato dos Santos
2,
Nerissa P. Denswil
3,
Joanne Verheij
4,
Wanderley M. Bernardo
2,5 and
Max Nieuwdorp
1
1
Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9 (Room A01-112), 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2
Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Santos—Lusiada University Center, Santos 11050-071, SP, Brazil
3
Medical Library, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands
4
Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
5
Faculdade de Medicina d Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cells 2024, 13(22), 1893; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13221893
Submission received: 25 September 2024 / Revised: 29 October 2024 / Accepted: 8 November 2024 / Published: 16 November 2024
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) are among the leading causes of liver disease worldwide. The exact roles of epigenetic factors in both diseases remains largely unknown. In this context, liver DNA methylation remains a field that requires further exploration and understanding. Methods: We performed a systematic review of liver DNA methylation in humans with MASLD or ALD using Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and Cochrane Library. We included human studies where liver DNA methylation was assessed in patients with MASLD and/or ALD. The Rayyan platform was used to select studies. Risk of bias was assessed with the “risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions” tool, ROBINS-I. We performed pathway analysis using the most important differentially methylated genes selected in each article. Results: Fifteen articles were included in this systematic review. The risk of bias was moderate to serious in all articles and bias due to confounding and patient selection was high. Sixteen common pathways, containing differentially methylated genes, including cancer pathways, were identified in both diseases. Conclusions: There are common pathways, containing differentially methylated genes, in ALD and MASLD, such as pathways in cancer and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathways. In MASLD, the insulin signaling pathway is one of the most important, and in ALD, the MAPK signaling pathway is the most important. Our study adds one more piece to the puzzle of the mechanisms involved in steatotic liver disease.
Keywords: alcohol-associated liver disease; epigenetics; insulin resistance; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alcohol-associated liver disease; epigenetics; insulin resistance; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Stols-Gonçalves, D.; Meijnikman, A.S.; Tristão, L.S.; Santos, C.L.d.; Denswil, N.P.; Verheij, J.; Bernardo, W.M.; Nieuwdorp, M. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Liver DNA Methylation Analysis—A Systematic Review. Cells 2024, 13, 1893. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13221893

AMA Style

Stols-Gonçalves D, Meijnikman AS, Tristão LS, Santos CLd, Denswil NP, Verheij J, Bernardo WM, Nieuwdorp M. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Liver DNA Methylation Analysis—A Systematic Review. Cells. 2024; 13(22):1893. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13221893

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stols-Gonçalves, Daniela, Abraham S. Meijnikman, Luca Schiliró Tristão, Clara Lucato dos Santos, Nerissa P. Denswil, Joanne Verheij, Wanderley M. Bernardo, and Max Nieuwdorp. 2024. "Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Liver DNA Methylation Analysis—A Systematic Review" Cells 13, no. 22: 1893. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13221893

APA Style

Stols-Gonçalves, D., Meijnikman, A. S., Tristão, L. S., Santos, C. L. d., Denswil, N. P., Verheij, J., Bernardo, W. M., & Nieuwdorp, M. (2024). Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Liver DNA Methylation Analysis—A Systematic Review. Cells, 13(22), 1893. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13221893

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