Abraham de Peyster (July 8, 1657 – August 3, 1728) was the 20th mayor of New York City from 1691 to 1694, and served as Governor of New York, 1700–1701.
Abraham de Peyster | |
|---|---|
 Portrait by Evert Duyckinck III | |
| 20th Mayor of New York City | |
| In office 1691–1694 | |
| Governor | Henry Sloughter Richard Ingoldesby Benjamin Fletcher |
| Preceded by | John Lawrence |
| Succeeded by | Charles Lodwik |
| Personal details | |
| Born | July 8, 1657 New Amsterdam |
| Died | August 3, 1728 (aged 71) Province of New York, British America |
| Spouse |
Catharina de Peyster
(m. 1684) |
| Relations | Johannes de Peyster (brother) David Provost (brother-in-law) |
| Parent(s) | Johannes de Peyster Sr. Cornelia Lubberts |
Early life
editDe Peyster was born in New Amsterdam on July 8, 1657, to Johannes de Peyster Sr. (c. 1600–c. 1685) and Cornelia (née Lubberts) de Peyster.[1]
Career
editThe de Peysters were a wealthy merchant family which had also moved into politics. In October 1691, Abraham was appointed mayor by Governor Henry Sloughter. Though de Peyster had been an early supporter of Jacob Leisler, who led Leisler's Rebellion, he had not participated in Leisler's later actions.[2] Through his suggestion, the city started providing public support to the poor.[2]
Abraham's brother, Johannes de Peyster (1666–1719), served as mayor from 1698 until 1699, and was then succeeded by David Provost, the husband of his sister, Maria de Peyster.[2] Abraham also reportedly served in a number of other public roles during his life, including stints as alderman, Associate Judge and later Chief Justice on the province's Supreme Court, president of the King's Council, and as treasurer for New York and New Jersey provinces.
In addition, he also served as a colonel in the militia.[3]
Some sources state that he served as governor or acting governor of the Province of New York, which refers to a few months' time in 1701 after the death of Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont, when Lieutenant Governor John Nanfan was abroad. This left de Peyster, as the senior member of the council, briefly in command until Nanfan returned.[4][5][6][7]
Around 1699, de Peyster donated part of his garden for the construction of a new city hall. That building was later renamed Federal Hall, which briefly served as the first capitol of the United States, and the site of the first inauguration of George Washington as president.[8][9] It was replaced in 1842 with a structure in the style of Greek Revival architecture which is still standing.
Personal life
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On April 5, 1684, while visiting Amsterdam, he married his second cousin, Catharina de Peyster (1665–c. 1734), the daughter of Pierre de Peyster and Gertrude Van Dyke.[1] Their children included:[10]
- Catherine de Peyster (1688–1734), who married Philip Van Cortlandt, son of Stephanus Van Cortlandt.[11]
- Elizabeth de Peyster (1694–1774), who married John Hamilton, the Governor of New Jersey.[11]
- Abraham de Peyster (1696–1767), who served as the treasurer of the Province of New York and married Margaret Van Cortlandt, daughter of Jacobus Van Cortlandt, in 1722.[10][12]
- Pierre Guillaume de Peyster (b. 1707), who married Cornelia Schuyler.[13]
The mansion he erected in 1695, which at one time was the headquarters of Washington, remained standing until 1856.[14]
Before his death in 1728, De Peyster commissioned the creation of a bell to be placed in Manhattan’s Middle Dutch Church, then under construction. Cast in Amsterdam in 1731, the bell is known today as the "Liberty Bell" and is located at the Middle Collegiate Church.[15][16]
Legacy
editHis great grandson, also named Abraham de Peyster, briefly led the Loyalists in the Battle of Kings Mountain. Evacuating to British North America after the American Revolution, the younger Abraham became the Treasurer of the new royal colony of New Brunswick.
His 3x-great grandson was John Watts de Peyster, who commissioned a statue of his ancestor in the late 19th century. Sculpted by George Edwin Bissell, the statue was originally placed in Bowling Green Park in Manhattan in the late 1890s. Park and subway renovations forced its removal in 1972, and it was placed in Hanover Square from 1976 until 2004.[17][18][19][20] During subsequent renovations in Hanover Square, the statue was placed in a warehouse for 9 years. In the fall of 2013, it was restored to public view in its current location in Thomas Paine Park near the Supreme Court building.[21]
A duplicate of the New York statue was also donated by John Watts de Peyster to Franklin & Marshall College in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where it is currently placed on Buchanan Avenue.[22]
References
edit- ^ a b Allaben, Frank. John Watts de Peyster, Volume 1, p. 18-19 (1908)
- ^ a b c Lamb, Martha J. & Burton Harrison. History of the City of New York, Vol. I, p.398-402 (1896 ed.)
- ^ Catalogue of the works of art belonging to the city of New York, p. 106 (1909)
- ^ De Peyster, Frederic. The life and administration of Richard, earl of Bellomont, p. 58 (1879)
- ^ Bernstorf, Mrs. Philip W. (2003). Directory of the Hereditary Order of Colonial Governors Prior to 4 July 1776. Hereditary Order of Descendants of Colonial Governors. p. 37.
- ^ Charles, Michael Harrison (2006). List of the Colonial Governors Prior to 4 July 1776. Hereditary Order of Descendants of Colonial Governors. p. 30.
- ^ De Peyster, J. Watts (1854). De Peyster Genealogical Reference. p. 23.
- ^ (12 June 1931). Replica of Old Federal Hall Will Rise Where Subtreasury Stands in New York, Evening Independent
- ^ Caliendo, Ralph J. New York City Mayors, Part 1, p. 48-51 (2010) (note that this source may contain some inaccuracies)
- ^ a b Reynolds, Cuyler (1914). Genealogical and Family History of Southern New York and the Hudson River Valley: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Building of a Nation. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. p. 1326. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- ^ a b Bolton, Robert (1881). The History of the Several Towns, Manors, and Patents of the County of Westchester: From Its First Settlement to the Present Time. C. F. Roper. p. 727. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- ^ "De Peyster Girl, with a Lamb". www.nyhistory.org/. New-York Historical Society. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- ^ "DePEYSTER, ARENT SCHUYLER – Volume VI (1821-1835)". www.biographi.ca. Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
- ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
- ^ (23 February 1952). Bell, The New Yorker
- ^ Our History Archived 2011-11-20 at the Wayback Machine, Middle Collegiate Church website, Retrieved October 28, 2011
- ^ British Garden at Hanover Square Archived August 25, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, nycgovparks.org, Retrieved October 28, 2011
- ^ (8 November 2004). NEW HOME FOR STATUE OF NEW YORK CITY’S FIRST MAYOR, ABRAHAM DE PEYSTER, nycgovparks.org (note that title of article appears to be incorrect, he was not the first mayor)
- ^ Brozan, Nadine (22 August 2003). On a Pedestal, but Homeless; 1690s Mayor Has a Place in History, if Not New York, The New York Times
- ^ Roberts, Sam (5 September 2011). Like Former Mayors, a Statue Fades From View, The New York Times
- ^ "Thomas Paine Park". New York City Department of Parks & Recreation. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- ^ College Archives - Sculpture of Abraham de Peyster- 1895 Archived February 14, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, Franklin & Marshall Library website, Retrieved October 28, 2011
External links
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