Black River (Arkansas–Missouri)

Black River
Black River
	Map of major Missouri rivers
Location
Country	United States
States	Arkansas, Missouri
Physical characteristics
Source
• location	Confluence of the East Fork and Middle Fork near Lesterville, Missouri
• coordinates	37°26′28″N 90°50′01″W / 37.4411111°N 90.8336111°W
• elevation	640 ft (200 m)
Mouth
• location	Confluence with the White River northwest of Newport, Arkansas
• coordinates	35°38′24″N 91°19′18″W / 35.64°N 91.3216667°W
• elevation	203 ft (62 m)
Length	300 mi (480 km)
Discharge
• location	Elgin Ferry, Arkansas
• average	10,367 cu/ft. per sec.
Basin features
Progression	Black River → White → Mississippi → Gulf of Mexico
GNIS ID	66965

The Black River is a tributary of the White River, about 300 miles (480 km) long,^[2] in southeastern Missouri and northeastern Arkansas in the United States.^[3] Via the White River, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed. Black River Technical College is named for the river.

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The river was so named on account of the black tint of its water.^[4]

Headwaters and course

The Black River rises in Missouri as three streams:

The East Fork Black River rises in Iron County and flows generally southwardly, through Johnson's Shut-Ins State Park where the Taum Sauk pumped storage plant Upper Reservoir dam breach caused severe damage to the park. A dam on the East Fork forms the Taum Sauk Lower Reservoir which holds water that is pumped to the Upper Reservoir.
The Middle Fork Black River is formed by a confluence of creeks in the Mark Twain National Forest in northern Reynolds County and flows generally southeastwardly.
The West Fork Black River is formed by a confluence of creeks in the Mark Twain National Forest in western Reynolds County and flows generally eastwardly, past the town of Centerville.

The headwaters forks converge near Lesterville, and the Black River flows generally southwardly through Reynolds, Wayne and Butler Counties in Missouri; and Clay, Randolph and Lawrence Counties in Arkansas. In its lowermost course the river is used to define the boundary between Independence and Jackson Counties. It flows past the towns of Mill Spring, Williamsville and Poplar Bluff in Missouri; and Pocahontas, Black Rock, and Powhatan in Arkansas. It joins the White River at Jacksonport, Arkansas.

A U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dam in Wayne County, Missouri, causes the river to form Clearwater Lake.

In Arkansas, the Black River is joined by the Little Black River, the Current River, the Spring River and the Strawberry River. Mayberry Branch and Eads Creek are tributaries in Missouri.

^ "USGS Current Conditions for USGS 07074420 Black River at Elgin Ferry, AR".
^ AllRefer.com Archived September 10, 2005, at the Wayback Machine
^ "Black River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2015-09-11.
^ "Reynolds County Place Names, 1928–1945". The State Historical Society of Missouri. Archived from the original on June 24, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2016.