Erdeni Bumba (Mongolian: Эрдэнэбумба, Chinese: 額爾德尼布木巴; fl. 17th century), of the Khorchin Mongol Borjigit clan, was the consort of Fulin, the Shunzhi Emperor. She was empress consort of the Qing dynasty of China from 1651 until her deposition in 1653. She was demoted to consort rank and received the honorary title Consort Jing.[1]
| Erdeni Bumba | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
| Empress consort of the Qing dynasty | |||||
| Tenure | 27 September 1651 – 25 October 1653 | ||||
| Predecessor | Empress Xiaoduanwen | ||||
| Successor | Empress Xiaohuizhang | ||||
| Born | Borjigit Erdeni Bumba (博爾濟吉特 額爾德尼布木巴) | ||||
| Died | Unknown Possibly Beijing | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| |||||
| House | Borjigit (博爾濟吉特) | ||||
| Father | Wukeshan | ||||
| Erdeni Bumba | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 靜妃 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 静妃 | ||||||
| |||||||
Life
editFamily background
edit- Father: Wukeshan (吳克善; d. 1666), held the title of a first rank prince (親王)
- Paternal grandfather: Jaisang (寨桑), held the title of a first rank prince (親王)
- Paternal grandmother: Boli
- Paternal great aunt: Empress Xiaoduanwen (1599–1649)
- Paternal aunt: Primary consort Minhui (1609–1641)
- Paternal aunt: Empress Dowager Zhaosheng (Xiaozhuangwen) (1613–1688), the mother of the Shunzhi Emperor (1638–1661)
Shunzhi era
editErdeni Bumba was selected by her aunt - the emperor's mother, Empress Dowager Zhaosheng - to be the Shunzhi Emperor's primary consort.[2] On 27 September 1651, she was instated as empress. The Prince-Regent Dorgon also encouraged the marriage between the Shunzhi Emperor and Erdeni Bumba.
Two years later, however, on 25 October 1653, the Emperor deposed her, despite protests from much of his court. She was demoted from empress to merely "Consort Jing". Some sources, such as the Draft History of the Qing, claim that she was deposed because of her love luxury and tendency towards jealousy, characteristics decried by the emperor, who respected simplicity and frugality.[3]
However, deposing her may have been related to growing estrangement between the emperor and his mother, and power struggles within the court.[1] His mother and regent Dorgon, who were closely intertwined, held great power, and by deposing his mother's niece, who had been chosen for him, he may have been attempting to exercise his own power.[4]
Some sources claim, that when she was living in Palace of Eternal Longevity, she became pregnant. During her pregnancy, she left the Forbidden City and gave birth to a son. However, historical records don't mention her further fate.
Titles
edit- During the reign of Hong Taiji (r. 1626–1643):
- Lady Borjigit
- During the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor (r. 1643–1661):
In fiction and popular culture
edit- Portrayed by Lee Ying-tong in The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty (1987)
- Portrayed by Wu Zitong in Xiaozhuang Mishi (2003)
- Portrayed by Winnie Ma in The Life and Times of a Sentinel (2011)
- Portrayed by Viola Mi 米露 in Royal Romantic 多情江山 (2013)
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ a b Rawski, Evelyn S. (1998). The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22837-5.
- ^ Sr, Arthur W. Hummel (1 January 2018). Eminent Chinese of the Qing Period: 1644-1911/2. Berkshire Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-61472-849-8.
- ^ McMahon, Keith (21 April 2016). Celestial Women: Imperial Wives and Concubines in China from Song to Qing. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-5502-9.
- ^ Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Lau, Clara; Stefanowska, A. D. (17 July 2015). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: v. 1: The Qing Period, 1644-1911. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-47588-0.
- ^ 順治八年 八月 十三日
- ^ 順治十年 九月 五日
References
edit- Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao) (in Chinese).