GPR37

Probable G-protein coupled receptor 37 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR37 gene. GPR37 is primarily found in the central nervous system (CNS), with significant expression observed in various CNS regions including the amygdala, basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, and nucleus accumbens), substantia nigra, hippocampus, frontal cortex, and hypothalamus, particularly noteworthy is its exceptionally elevated expression in the spinal cord.

GPR37
Identifiers
Aliases	GPR37, EDNRBL, PAELR, hET(B)R-LP, G protein-coupled receptor 37
External IDs	OMIM: 602583; MGI: 1313297; HomoloGene: 3875; GeneCards: GPR37; OMA:GPR37 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 7 (human) Band 7q31.33 Start 124,743,885 bp End 124,765,792 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse) Band 6 A3.1|6 11.65 cM Start 25,665,877 bp End 25,690,728 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in secondary oocyte inferior ganglion of vagus nerve optic nerve middle frontal gyrus subthalamic nucleus medulla oblongata ventral tegmental area superior vestibular nucleus external globus pallidus inferior olivary nucleus Top expressed in deep cerebellar nuclei lumbar subsegment of spinal cord globus pallidus lateral geniculate nucleus utricle vestibular sensory epithelium pontine nuclei medial geniculate nucleus anterior horn of spinal cord ventral tegmental area More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor activity heat shock protein binding prosaposin receptor activity peptide binding signal transducer activity Hsp70 protein binding protein binding ubiquitin protein ligase binding Cellular component integral component of membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane ubiquitin ligase complex receptor complex plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane endoplasmic reticulum Biological process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway dopamine biosynthetic process negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death locomotion involved in locomotory behavior positive regulation of MAPK cascade signal transduction positive regulation of dopamine metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2861 14763 Ensembl ENSG00000170775 ENSMUSG00000039904 UniProt O15354 Q9QY42 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005302 NM_010338 RefSeq (protein) NP_005293 NP_034468 Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 124.74 – 124.77 Mb Chr 6: 25.67 – 25.69 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Interactions

GPR37 has been shown to interact with HSPA1A and Parkin (ligase). GPR37 is a receptor for prosaposin. It was previously thought to be a receptor for head activator, a neuropeptide found in the hydra, but early reports of head activator in mammals were never confirmed. To address challenges in confirming ligand-GPR37 interactions using recombinant GPR37 expressed in HEK293 cells, recent research has turned to primary cell cultures, leading to successful ligand identification. These investigations have unveiled the involvement of osteocalcin with GPR37 to regulate processes such as oligodendrocyte differentiation, myelination, myelin production, and remyelination following demyelinating injuries. Furthermore, osteocalcin treatment has demonstrated protective effects against Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, which are absent in GPR37-deficient mice.

GPR37 signaling has been shown to modulate the migration of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) cells in mice.

Further reading

• Zeng Z, Su K, Kyaw H, Li Y (April 1997). "A novel endothelin receptor type-B-like gene enriched in the brain". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 233 (2): 559–567. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6408. PMID 9144577.
• Donohue PJ, Shapira H, Mantey SA, Hampton LL, Jensen RT, Battey JF (February 1998). "A human gene encodes a putative G protein-coupled receptor highly expressed in the central nervous system". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. 54 (1): 152–160. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(97)00336-7. PMID 9526070.
• Imai Y, Soda M, Inoue H, Hattori N, Mizuno Y, Takahashi R (June 2001). "An unfolded putative transmembrane polypeptide, which can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress, is a substrate of Parkin". Cell. 105 (7): 891–902. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00407-X. PMID 11439185. S2CID 721363.
• Imai Y, Soda M, Hatakeyama S, Akagi T, Hashikawa T, Nakayama KI, Takahashi R (July 2002). "CHIP is associated with Parkin, a gene responsible for familial Parkinson's disease, and enhances its ubiquitin ligase activity". Molecular Cell. 10 (1): 55–67. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00583-X. PMID 12150907.
• Yang Y, Nishimura I, Imai Y, Takahashi R, Lu B (March 2003). "Parkin suppresses dopaminergic neuron-selective neurotoxicity induced by Pael-R in Drosophila". Neuron. 37 (6): 911–924. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00143-0. PMID 12670421. S2CID 8430695.
• Imai Y, Soda M, Murakami T, Shoji M, Abe K, Takahashi R (December 2003). "A product of the human gene adjacent to parkin is a component of Lewy bodies and suppresses Pael receptor-induced cell death". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (51): 51901–51910. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309655200. PMID 14532270.
• Kubota K, Niinuma Y, Kaneko M, Okuma Y, Sugai M, Omura T, et al. (June 2006). "Suppressive effects of 4-phenylbutyrate on the aggregation of Pael receptors and endoplasmic reticulum stress". Journal of Neurochemistry. 97 (5): 1259–1268. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03782.x. PMID 16539653. S2CID 24540976.
• Omura T, Kaneko M, Okuma Y, Orba Y, Nagashima K, Takahashi R, et al. (December 2006). "A ubiquitin ligase HRD1 promotes the degradation of Pael receptor, a substrate of Parkin". Journal of Neurochemistry. 99 (6): 1456–1469. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04155.x. hdl:2115/17141. PMID 17059562. S2CID 6256027.