Ghuwayr Abu Shusha was a Palestinian Arab village in the Tiberias Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on April 21, 1948. It was located 8 km north of Tiberias, nearby Wadi Rubadiyya.
Ghuwayr Abu Shusha
غُويّر أبو شوشة | |
|---|---|
 Maqam Sheikh Abu Shusha | |
| Etymology: from personal name; meaning the “father of” wearing “a top knot”[1] | |
.jpg) 1870s map .jpg) 1940s map.jpg) modern map .jpg) 1940s with modern overlay mapA series of historical maps of the area around Ghuwayr Abu Shusha (click the buttons) | |
  Ghuwayr Abu Shusha Location within Mandatory Palestine | |
| Coordinates: 32°51′13″N 35°30′26″E / 32.85361°N 35.50722°E | |
| Palestine grid | 197/251 |
| Geopolitical entity | Mandatory Palestine |
| Subdistrict | Tiberias |
| Date of depopulation | 21 and 28 April 1948[4] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 8,609 dunams (8.609 km2 or 3.324 sq mi) |
| Population (1945) | |
| • Total | 1,240[2][3] |
| Cause(s) of depopulation | Military assault by Yishuv forces |
| Secondary cause | Influence of nearby town's fall |
| Current Localities | Ginosar,[5] Livnim[5] |
History
editIn 1838 Edward Robinson found on the remains of a few dwellings, built of rough volcanic stones, some of which were still used as magazines by the Arabs of the plain. A wely with a white dome marked the spot. He found no traces of antiquity.[6]
In 1850-1851 de Saulcy saw the village, which he described as ruined. Of the village, all which remained was a few portions of wall of modern appearance, "but in the midst of these is still standing a square vaulted tower, constructed in fine blocks of Herodian workmanship, or Roman of the early empire. This tower rests against a wall of more recent character."[7]
In 1875 Victor Guérin visited and noted the little wely dedicated to Abou-Choutheh.[8]
In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as containing 20 Moslems, with housed built of basalt, located round a mill.[9] There were modern ruins in the village, and a number of ruined mills in the valley below.[10]
British mandate era
editIn the 1945 statistics it had a population of 1,240 Muslims,[2] with 8,609 dunams of land.[3] Of this, 21 dunams were used for citrus and bananas, 1,377 for plantations and irrigable land, 1,848 dunams for cereals,[11] while 6 dunams were classified as built-up (urban) area.[12]
Ruins of watermills could be seen at the nearby Khirbat Abu Shusha.[13]
1948, and aftermath
editThe village was depopulated after a military assault on 21 and 28 April 1948.[4]
Kibbutz Ginosar presently occupies part of what was village land; so does Livnim, established in 1982 ca. 1 km northwest of the Ghuwayr Abu Shusha site.[5]
In 1992 the village site was described: "The village site is covered with thorns and wild vegetation, including Christ's-thorn trees and cactuses. The shrine of Shaykh Muhammad and the remains of a mill can be seen among piles of stones and a few olive trees. The lower-lying lands are planted in bananas and citrus, while the highlands are used as grazing areas by the Israelis."[5]
Gallery
edit-
Maqam sheikh Abu Shusha, 2015 -
Maqam sheikh Abu Shusha, 2015 -
Maqam sheikh Abu Shusha, 2015
References
edit- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 128
- ^ a b Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 12
- ^ a b c Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 72
- ^ a b Morris, 2004, p. xvii, village #93. Also gives cause of depopulation.
- ^ a b c d Khalidi, 1992, p. 517
- ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, pp. 285-286; cited in Khalidi, 1992, p. 516
- ^ Saucy, 1854, pp. 423-424
- ^ Guérin, 1880, pp. 209-212
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 360
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 396
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 122
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 172
- ^ Khalidi, 1992, p. 516
Bibliography
edit- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 1. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
- Guérin, V. (1880). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 3: Galilee, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- Khalidi, W. (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
- Morris, B. (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
- Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Saulcy, L.F. de (1854). Narrative of a journey round the Dead Sea, and in the Bible lands, in 1850 and 1851. Vol. 2, new edition. London: R. Bentley.
External links
edit- Welcome To Ghuwayr Abu Shusha
- Ghuwayr Abu Shusha, Zochrot
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 6: IAA, Wikimedia commons
