List of diplomatic missions of the Netherlands

This is a list of diplomatic missions of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, excluding honorary consulates. Ambassador of the Netherlands are officially known as His Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, with their Diplomatic Mission called His Majesty's Embassy accordingly. Neither consuls nor consulates receive an official title.

Countries with Dutch diplomatic missions.

Current missions

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Africa

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Host country Host city Mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
  Algeria Algiers Embassy [1]
  Angola Luanda Embassy
Countries:
[2]
  Burundi Bujumbura Embassy [3]
  Benin Cotonou Embassy
Countries:
[4][5]
  Burkina Faso Ouagadougou Embassy [6]
  Chad N'Djamena Embassy office[a] [7]
  Congo-Kinshasa Kinshasa Embassy
Countries:
[8]
Goma Liaison office [8]
  Ethiopia Addis Ababa Embassy
Countries:
[9]
  Egypt Cairo Embassy [10]
  Ghana Accra Embassy
Countries:
[11]
  Ivory Coast Abidjan Embassy [12]
  Kenya Nairobi Embassy
Countries:
[13]
  Libya Tripoli Embassy [14][15]
  Mali Bamako Embassy [16]
  Morocco Rabat Embassy [17]
  Mozambique Maputo Embassy [18]
  Niger Niamey Embassy [19]
  Nigeria Abuja Embassy [20]
Lagos Consulate-General [20]
  Rwanda Kigali Embassy [21]
  Senegal Dakar Embassy
Countries:
[22]
  South Africa Pretoria Embassy
Countries:
[23]
Cape Town Consulate-General [23]
  South Sudan Juba Embassy [24]
  Sudan Khartoum Embassy
Countries:
[7]
  Tanzania Dar Es Salaam Embassy
Countries:
[25]
  Tunisia Tunis Embassy [26]
  Uganda Kampala Embassy [27]
  Zimbabwe Harare Embassy
Countries:
[28]

Americas

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Host country Host city Mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
  Argentina Buenos Aires Embassy
Countries:
[29]
  Brazil Brasília Embassy [30]
Rio de Janeiro Consulate-General [30]
São Paulo Consulate-General [30]
  Canada Ottawa Embassy [31]
Toronto Consulate-General [31]
Vancouver Consulate-General [31]
  Chile Santiago de Chile Embassy [32]
  Colombia Bogotá Embassy [33]
  Costa Rica San José Embassy
Countries:
[34]
  Cuba Havana Embassy
Countries:
[35]
  Dominican Republic Santo Domingo Embassy
Countries:
[36]
  Mexico Mexico City Embassy
Countries:
[37]
  Panama Panama City Embassy [38]
  Peru Lima Embassy
Countries:
[39][40]
  Suriname Paramaribo Embassy
Countries:
[41]
  Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain Embassy [42]
  United States Washington, D.C. Embassy
International Organizations:
[43][44]
Atlanta Consulate-General [43]
Chicago Consulate-General [43]
Miami Consulate-General [43]
New York City Consulate-General [43]
San Francisco Consulate-General [43]
  Venezuela Caracas Embassy [45]

Asia

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Host country Host city Mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
  Armenia Yerevan Embassy [46]
  Azerbaijan Baku Embassy [47]
  Bangladesh Dhaka Embassy [48]
  China Beijing Embassy
Countries:
[49]
Guangzhou Consulate-General [49]
Hong Kong Consulate-General [49]
Shanghai Consulate-General [49]
  Georgia Tbilisi Embassy [50]
  India New Delhi Embassy
Countries:
[51]
Bengaluru Consulate-General [51]
Mumbai Consulate-General [51]
  Indonesia Jakarta Embassy
Countries:
[52]
  Iran Tehran Embassy [53]
  Iraq Baghdad Embassy [54]
Erbil Consulate-General [54]
  Israel Tel Aviv Embassy [55]
  Japan Tokyo Embassy [56]
Osaka Consulate-General [56]
  Jordan Amman Embassy [57]
  Kazakhstan Astana Embassy
Countries:
[58]
  Kuwait Kuwait City Embassy
Countries:
[59]
  Lebanon Beirut Embassy [60]
  Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Embassy [61]
  Myanmar Yangon Embassy [62]
  Oman Muscat Embassy [63]
  Pakistan Islamabad Embassy [64]
  Palestine Ramallah Representative office [65]
  Philippines Manila Embassy
Countries:
[66]
  Qatar Doha Embassy [67]
  Republic of China (Taiwan) Taipei Netherlands Office [68]
  Saudi Arabia Riyadh Embassy [69]
  Singapore Singapore Embassy
Countries:
[70]
  South Korea Seoul Embassy
Countries:
[71]
  Sri Lanka Colombo Embassy
Countries:
[72]
  Thailand Bangkok Embassy
Countries:
[73]
  Turkey Ankara Embassy [74]
Istanbul Consulate-General [74]
  United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Embassy [75]
Dubai Consulate-General [75]
  Vietnam Hanoi Embassy [76]
Ho Chi Minh City Consulate-General [76]

Europe

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Host country Host city Mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
  Albania Tirana Embassy [77]
  Austria Vienna Embassy [78]
  Belarus Minsk Embassy office[d] [79]
  Belgium Brussels Embassy [80]
Antwerp Consulate-General [80]
  Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo Embassy [81]
  Bulgaria Sofia Embassy [82]
  Croatia Zagreb Embassy [83]
  Cyprus Nicosia Embassy [84]
  Czechia Prague Embassy [85]
  Denmark Copenhagen Embassy [86]
  Estonia Tallinn Embassy [87]
  Finland Helsinki Embassy [88]
  France Paris Embassy
Countries:
[89]
  Germany Berlin Embassy [90]
Düsseldorf Consulate-General [90]
Munich Consulate-General [90]
  Greece Athens Embassy [91]
  Holy See[e] Rome Embassy [92]
  Hungary Budapest Embassy [93]
  Ireland Dublin Embassy [94]
  Italy Rome Embassy
Countries:
[95]
Milan Consulate-General [95]
  Kosovo Pristina Embassy [96]
  Latvia Riga Embassy [97]
  Lithuania Vilnius Embassy [98]
  Luxembourg Luxembourg City Embassy [99]
  Malta Valletta Embassy [100]
  Moldova Chișinău Embassy [101][102]
  North Macedonia Skopje Embassy [103]
  Norway Oslo Embassy
Countries:
[104]
  Poland Warsaw Embassy
Countries:
[105]
  Portugal Lisbon Embassy [106]
  Romania Bucharest Embassy [107]
  Russia Moscow Embassy [108]
Saint Petersburg Consulate-General [108]
  Serbia Belgrade Embassy
Countries:
[109]
  Slovakia Bratislava Embassy [110]
  Slovenia Ljubljana Embassy [111]
  Spain Madrid Embassy [112]
  Sweden Stockholm Embassy [113]
   Switzerland Bern Embassy
Countries:
[114]
  Ukraine Kyiv Embassy [115]
  United Kingdom London Embassy [116]

Oceania

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Host country Host city Mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
  Australia Canberra Embassy
Countries:
[117]
Sydney Consulate-General [117]
  New Zealand Wellington Embassy
Countries:
[118]

Multilateral organizations

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Organization Host city Host country Mission Concurrent accreditation Ref.
  Council of Europe Strasbourg France Permanent Representation [119]
  European Union Brussels Belgium Permanent Representation [119]
  FAO Rome Italy Permanent Mission [119]
  NATO Brussels Belgium Permanent Representation [119]
  OECD Paris France Permanent Representation [119]
OPCW The Hague Netherlands Permanent Representation [119]
  OSCE Vienna Austria Delegation [119]
  United Nations New York City United States Permanent Mission [119]
Geneva Switzerland Permanent Mission [119]
Vienna Austria Permanent Mission
International Organizations:
[119]
  UNESCO Paris France Permanent Representation [119]
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Closed missions

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Africa

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Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
  Cameroon Yaoundé Embassy 2011 [120]
  Eritrea Asmara Embassy 2011 [120]
  Namibia Windhoek Embassy 2006 [121]
  Zambia Lusaka Embassy 2013 [120]

Americas

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Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
  Bolivia La Paz Embassy 2013 [120]
  Ecuador Quito Embassy 2012 [120]
  Nicaragua Managua Embassy 2013 [120]
  Uruguay Montevideo Embassy 2012 [120]

Asia

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Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
  Afghanistan Kabul Embassy 2021
  China Chongqing Consulate-General 2024
  South Vietnam[f] Saigon Embassy 1975 [122]
  Syria Damascus Embassy 2012 [123]
  Yemen Sana'a Embassy 2012 [124]

Europe

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Host country Host city Mission Year closed Ref.
  Germany Hamburg Consulate-General 2009
  Spain Barcelona Consulate-General 2012 [120]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Subordinate to the Dutch embassy in Khartoum, Sudan.
  2. ^ Accredited as an observer mission.
  3. ^ Accredited as an observer mission.
  4. ^ Subordinate to the Dutch embassy in Warsaw, Poland.
  5. ^ The Dutch Embassy to the Holy See is located outside Vatican territory in Rome.
  6. ^ The embassy closed down on 24 April 1975, in the midst of the Fall of Saigon, which marked the end of the Vietnam War and the start of a transition period to the formal reunification of Vietnam.

References

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  1. ^ "Algérie" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 25 November 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  2. ^ "Angola" (in Portuguese). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 16 December 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  3. ^ "Burundi" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 25 November 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  4. ^ "Benin". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  5. ^ "The Netherlands and Equatorial Guinea". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
  6. ^ "Burkina Faso" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  7. ^ a b "Sudan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  8. ^ a b "République démocratique du Congo" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  9. ^ "Ethiopia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 3 November 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  10. ^ "Egypt". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 23 January 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  11. ^ "The Netherlands and Ghana". Netherlandsandyou.nl. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  12. ^ "Côte d'Ivoire". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 3 November 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  13. ^ "Kenya". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 4 September 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  14. ^ "The Netherlands and Libya". Netherlandsandyou.nl. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  15. ^ Sami Zaptia (15 May 2023). "Netherlands officially opens newly renovated Tripoli embassy". Libya Herald. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  16. ^ "The Netherlands and Mali". Netherlandsandyou.nl. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  17. ^ "Maroc" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 10 December 2018. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  18. ^ "The Netherlands and Mozambique". Netherlandsandyou.nl. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  19. ^ "The Netherlands and Niger". Netherlandsandyou.nl. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  20. ^ a b "Nigeria". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 4 November 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  21. ^ "Rwanda" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  22. ^ "Sénégal" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  23. ^ a b "South Africa". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  24. ^ "South Sudan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  25. ^ "Tanzania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 4 November 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  26. ^ "Tunisie" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  27. ^ "Uganda". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  28. ^ "Zimbabwe". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  29. ^ "Argentina" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  30. ^ a b c "Brazil" (in Portuguese). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  31. ^ a b c "Canada". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  32. ^ "Chile" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  33. ^ "Colombia" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  34. ^ "Costa Rica" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  35. ^ "Cuba" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  36. ^ "República Dominicana" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  37. ^ "Mexico" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  38. ^ "Panama" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  39. ^ "Peru" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  40. ^ "Lista de Embajadas, Consulados, Organismos Internacionales y Agencias de Cooperación Internancional, Acreditados ante el Gobierno de la República del Ecuador" [List of Embassies, Consulates, International Organizations and International Cooperation Agencies, Accredited to the Government of the Republic of Ecuador] (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ecuador (in Spanish). October 2024. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
  41. ^ "Suriname". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  42. ^ "Trinidad and Tobago". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  43. ^ a b c d e f "United States". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  44. ^ "Permanent Observers". Organization of American States. August 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2021.
  45. ^ "Venezuela" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  46. ^ "Armenia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  47. ^ "Azerbaijan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  48. ^ "Bangladesh". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  49. ^ a b c d "China". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  50. ^ "Georgia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  51. ^ a b c "India". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  52. ^ "Republic of Indonesia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 27 March 2019. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  53. ^ "Iran". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  54. ^ a b "Iraq". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  55. ^ "Israel". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  56. ^ a b "Japan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  57. ^ "Jordan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  58. ^ "Kazakhstan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
  59. ^ "Kuwait". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  60. ^ "Lebanon". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  61. ^ "Malaysia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  62. ^ "Myanmar". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  63. ^ "Oman". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  64. ^ "Pakistan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 4 November 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  65. ^ "The Palestinian Territories". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
  66. ^ "Philippines". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  67. ^ "Qatar". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  68. ^ "Taiwan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  69. ^ "Saudi Arabia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  70. ^ "Singapore". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  71. ^ "South Korea". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  72. ^ "Sri Lanka". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  73. ^ "Thailand". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  74. ^ a b "Turkey". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  75. ^ a b "United Arab Emirates". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  76. ^ a b "Vietnam". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  77. ^ "Albania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  78. ^ "Austria" (in German). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  79. ^ "Belarus". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  80. ^ a b "Belgium" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  81. ^ "Bosnia and Herzegovina". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  82. ^ "Bulgaria". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  83. ^ "Croatia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  84. ^ "Cyprus". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  85. ^ "Czech Republic". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  86. ^ "Denmark". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  87. ^ "Estonia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  88. ^ "Finland". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  89. ^ "France" (in French). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  90. ^ a b c "Germany" (in German). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  91. ^ "Greece". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  92. ^ "Vatican City". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  93. ^ "Hungary". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  94. ^ "Ireland". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  95. ^ a b "Italy". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  96. ^ "Kosovo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  97. ^ "Latvia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  98. ^ "Lithuania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  99. ^ "Luxembourg". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  100. ^ "Malta". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  101. ^ "Moldova". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  102. ^ "Netherlands opens full embassy in Moldova". NL Times. 19 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  103. ^ "North Macedonia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  104. ^ "Norway". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  105. ^ "Poland". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  106. ^ "Portugal". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  107. ^ "Romania". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  108. ^ a b "Russian Federation". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  109. ^ "Serbia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  110. ^ "Slovakia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  111. ^ "Slovenia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  112. ^ "Spain" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  113. ^ "Sweden". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  114. ^ "Switzerland". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  115. ^ "Ukraine". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  116. ^ "The United Kingdom". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  117. ^ a b "Australia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  118. ^ "New Zealand". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  119. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Permanent Representations". Retrieved 13 September 2021.
  120. ^ a b c d e f g h "Dutch embassies in Burkina Faso and Zambia closing this month". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. 13 June 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  121. ^ "Netherlands Embassy in Pretoria responsible for the Dutch relations with Namibia | Namibianederland.net".
  122. ^ Fox Butterfield (25 April 1975). "Four Embassies Close". The New York Times. p. 1. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  123. ^ "Saudi Arabia, Italy and Holland close embassies in Syria". Times of Israel. 15 March 2012. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  124. ^ "About us - Yemen - Netherlandsandyou.nl". 20 March 2017.