The Mad'arovce culture was an archaeological culture of the Early Bronze Age (c. 1750-1500 BC) located in western Slovakia. It formed part of the broader Mad’arovce-Věteřov-Böheimkirchen cultural complex, also found in Austria and Moravia, which had links with Mycenaean Greece.[1][2] There was a gradual evolution from the preceding Unetice and Hatvan cultures to the Mad'arovce culture from c. 2000 BC to 1750 BC, and it was succeeded by the Tumulus culture after 1500 BC.[3][4][5][6] The Mad'arovce culture is sometimes considered to be a sub-group in the final Unetice tradition.[7] Important sites include the fortified settlements of Fidvár and Nitriansky Hrádok.[8][9][10]
| Geographical range | Slovakia |
|---|---|
| Period | Early Bronze Age |
| Dates | ca. 1750 BC-1500 BC |
| Preceded by | Unetice culture, Hatvan culture |
| Followed by | Tumulus culture |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Arkova, Klara; Ilon, Gabor (2013). "Chapter 44: Slovakia and Hungary". In Harding, Anthony; Fokkens, Harry (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age. OUP Oxford. p. 818. ISBN 978-0-19-957286-1.
- ^ Kipfer, Barbara Ann (2000). "Únetice". Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology. Kluwer Academic. p. 583. ISBN 9780306461583.
- ^ Arkova, Klara; Ilon, Gabor (2013). "Chapter 44: Slovakia and Hungary". In Harding, Anthony; Fokkens, Harry (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age. OUP Oxford. pp. 818–826. ISBN 978-0-19-957286-1.
In south-western Slovakia during Bz A2–Bz B1 there was an unbroken evolution from the Únětice culture to the Maďarovce culture. There it represents the eastern part of the Maďarovce-Věteřov-Böheimkirchen cultural complex, also found in Austria and Moravia. ... In Slovakia the Dolný Peter phase (a transitional Maďarovce-Tumulus horizon) appears during Bz B1 and later developments are represented by the early Tumulus phase (Nové Zámky).
- ^ "Fidvár near Vráble - Archaeological Investigations at a Central Place of the Early Bronze Age on the Fringes of the Western Carpathians in Slovakia 2007-08". Universität Würzburg. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
ceramic finds prove that the inhabitants of the [Fidvár] settlement were of different cultural origin. Namely, the bearers of the central European Únětice culture presumably arrived on the fringes of the Erzgebirge from the west, whereas the settlers related to the Hatvan culture originally came from the river basin of the Tisza. The merging of alien and indigenous population groups led to the formation of the Mad'arovce culture finally inhabiting the enclosed site.
- ^ Batora, Jozef (2000). "On problems of absolute chronology of the Early Bronze Age in southwestern Slovakia" (PDF). Geochronometria. 19: 33–36.
The transition between Unetice and Mad'arovce culture was approximately in the time period around 1730 BC. ... According to results of analyses of 12 samples from fortified sites of the Mad'arovce culture, their settlement lasted in 1770–1430 BC. At the Mad'arovce culture cemetery in Jelsovce deads stopped to be buried at about 1500 cal BC.
- ^ Schlütz, Frank; Bittmann, Felix (June 2016). "Dating Archaeological Cultures by Their Moats? A Case Study from the Early Bronze Age Settlement Fidvár near Vráble, SW Slovakia". Radiocarbon. 58 (2): 331–343. Bibcode:2016Radcb..58..331S. doi:10.1017/RDC.2015.17. S2CID 132024323.
- ^ Kipfer, Barbara Ann (2000). "Únetice". Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology. Kluwer Academic. p. 583. ISBN 9780306461583.
- ^ Toth, Peter; Gresky, Julia (2012). "The rise and decline of the Early Bronze Age settlement Fidvár near Vráble, Slovakia". In Kneisel, J. (ed.). Collapse or Continuity? Environment and development of Bronze Age human landscapes. Verlag Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH. pp. 111–129.
- ^ "Fidvár near Vráble - Archaeological Investigations at a Central Place of the Early Bronze Age on the Fringes of the Western Carpathians in Slovakia 2007-08". Universität Würzburg. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
- ^ Arkova, Klara; Ilon, Gabor (2013). "Chapter 44: Slovakia and Hungary". In Harding, Anthony; Fokkens, Harry (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age. OUP Oxford. p. 818. ISBN 978-0-19-957286-1.