Peter Scheiber was a classically trained musician and audio engineer. He was considered to be the originator of multichannel matrix audio formats, a mathematical formula used to convert four audio channels into two and back again.
Peter Scheiber | |
|---|---|
| Born | April 30, 1935 |
| Died | January 18, 2023 Bloomington, Indiana, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Oberlin Conservatory of Music |
| Occupation | Founder of Scheiber quadraphonic system |
Scheiber was also the inventor of the 360-degree spatial decoder.[1] Like Lou Dorren, Scheiber was an early pioneer of multi-channel sound.[2] It has been written that Scheiber pioneered the surround sound technology that is used in theaters today and referred to as Dolby Surround.[3][4][5]
In matrix quadraphonic systems four channels are converted (encoded) down to two channels. These two matrixed channels are recorded onto tape or vinyl record. Reproduction occurs via a two-channel stereo transmission medium - in most cases a vinyl record - these are decoded back to four channels and reproduced via four loudspeakers.[6][7]
Musician
editScheiber, an Oberlin College music graduate, obtained a full scholarship to study with the first-chair players of the Boston Symphony at Tanglewood. He was 22 years of age when he got to study with Chicago Symphony's first bassoonist. He also played first-chair in the Chicago Chamber Orchestra. During his professional career, he played with the Ottawa Philharmonic and Dallas Symphony orchestras.[8] Around 1977 his bassoon was stolen from the trunk of his car and according to the May 2007 article in Indianapolis Monthly and he never replaced it. Also later being called on to play there would be reasons not to play such as a missing reed or music.[9]
Audio career
editPeter Scheiber was born in Croton-on-Hudson in New York in 1935. He grew up in Peekskill. From an early age, passionate about music and technology, he had a workbench in his bedroom for experimenting with his gadgets. He later earned a scholarship at Tanglewood Music Center and played with the Chicago Symphony. Later, as a professional, he was a member of orchestras in Ottawa and Texas.[10]
In 1967 Scheiber, then a 32-year-old bassoonist, came up with the idea of encoding four channels of sound in two channels and decoding them back to four. He sold a patent license to CBS.[11]
Peter Scheiber would eventually take legal action against Dolby Laboratories and Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corp for infringement of his patents.[12]
During his career he worked with Jim Fosgate of Fosgate Electronics and Tate surround technology.[13]
Legal battle
editAs of October 2003, the 68-year-old Sheiber had more or less become a recluse for eight years due to his legal battle with Dolby Laboratories. This was over Dolby's development of a surround sound system for motion picture industry which was based on his invention. After some difficulties, he was able to secure some royalty payments from Dolby and Harman International which lasted from 1983 to late 1994. He received over a million dollars. The companies eventually stopped paying Scheiber as they claimed that the patents had expired and he wasn't due any more money. In June 2002, Seventh Circuit Appeals Judge Richard Posner ruled against him, which was his biggest defeat.
Scheiber was upset that Dolby and others were making millions from the technology he pioneered.[14]
Further reading
edit- The Herald Times, 12 Oct 2003 - Sounding off by Brian Werth
- Tampa Bay Times, Nov. 2, 2003 - SOUND RECOGNITION By DAVE SCHEIBER
- Justia US Law - Peter Scheiber, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Dolby Laboratories, Inc., and Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corp., Defendants-appellees, 293 F.3d 1014 (7th Cir. 2002)
- Indiana Audio Engineering Society, December 12, 2016 - An Evening with Peter Scheiber
- PS Audio, September, 2018 - Quadraphonic sound By Paul McGowan
References
edit- ^ Indianapolis Monthly, May 2007 - Page 103 - Sound Effects by Amy Wimmer Schwarb (See caption "Got them surrounded")
- ^ Billboard, May 13, 1972 - Page 72 AES-Quadrasonic Dog Fight * Continued from page 1
- ^ The Herald Times, 12 Oct 2003 - Sounding off by Brian Werth
- ^ Justia US Law - Peter Scheiber, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Dolby Laboratories, Inc., and Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corp., Defendants-appellees, 293 F.3d 1014 (7th Cir. 2002)
- ^ Tampa Bay Times, Nov. 2, 2003 - SOUND RECOGNITION By DAVE SCHEIBER
- ^ Scheiber, Peter (December 1969). "Toward a More Accurate Spatial Environment". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 17 (6). AES: 690, 691.
- ^ Scheiber, Peter (November 1971). "Analyzing Phase-Amplitude Matrices". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 19 (10). AES: 835–839.
- ^ Audio Engineering Society, Chicago Section - Meeting Review, October 17, 2006
- ^ Indianapolis Monthly, May 2007 - Page 249 Sound Effects by Amy Wimmer Schwarb
- ^ Indianapolis Monthly, May 2007 - Page 102, 103 Sound Effects by Amy Wimmer Schwarb
- ^ Quad sound, reincarnated. (American inventors making money from Japanese televisions and stereos)
- ^ law.justia.com 293 F.3d 1014: Peter Scheiber, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Dolby Laboratories, Inc., and Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corp., Defendants-appellees
- ^ The Routledge Guide to Music Technology, By Thom Holmes - Fosgate, James, December 5, 1937-
- ^ The Herald Times, 12 Oct 2003 - Sounding off by Brian Werth