Susan Hayhurst (December 25, 1820 – August 7, 1909) was an American physician, pharmacist, and educator, and the first woman to earn a pharmaceutical degree in the United States.[1]
Susan Hayhurst | |
|---|---|
 Photo of Susan Hayhurst by Frederick Gutekunst | |
| Born | December 25, 1820 Middletown Township, Pennsylvania |
| Died | August 7, 1909 (aged 88) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
| Alma mater | Philadelphia College of Pharmacy |
| Occupation(s) | Physician, pharmacist, educator |
Early life and education
editSusan Hayhurst was born in Middletown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Quakers Thomas and Martha Hayhurst.[2] She attended school in Wilmington, Delaware and excelled in mathematics. While a young girl, she worked as a teacher at country schools in Bucks County. Taking an interest in chemistry and physiology, she enrolled at the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, and graduated with a degree in medicine in 1857.[1][3]
Career
editHayhurst served as principal of the Friends' School in Philadelphia from 1857 to 1867, and for a time operated her own school, which was attended by many of her former students.[3] During the American Civil War, she was chairman of the Committee of Supplies of the Pennsylvania Relief Association.[4]
In 1876, Hayhurst became the head of the pharmaceutical department at the Woman's Hospital of Philadelphia. To broaden her knowledge of the subject, she began attending lectures at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. Though Dr. Clara Marshall had previously done so,[5] it was rare for the college to admit women, and Hayhurst was the only woman in her class of 150. The college administration did not offer any resistance, however, and granted her a diploma in pharmacy when she completed her courses in 1883, at age 63.[3][6]
Hayhurst remained in her post at the pharmaceutical department of the Woman's Hospital for 33 years. She supervised the purchase and manufacture of supplies, assisted missionaries to foreign countries, and acted as mentor to 65 women pharmacists.[6] She was a member of organizations such as the New Century Club, New Century Guild, American Academy of Political and Social Science, and Woman's Suffrage Society of Philadelphia.[1]
Susan Hayhurst died in Philadelphia on August 7, 1909, after an illness of four days.[2][4] The Philadelphia College of Pharmacy held a memorial service in her honor on November 15, 1910, and commissioned a painting of her to be hung in its museum.[1]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d "Susan Hayhurst". American Journal of Pharmacy. 83. Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science: 32–39. 1911. Retrieved November 29, 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b "Death Takes Noted Woman Physician". The Philadelphia Inquirer. August 8, 1909. p. 14. Retrieved April 4, 2019 – via newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c "Susan Hayhurst, pioneer female pharmacist, circa 1889". ExplorePAhistory.com. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
- ^ a b "First Woman Graduate Pharmacist Dead". The Pharmaceutical Era. Vol. 42. D. O. Haynes & Company. August 12, 1909. p. 186. Retrieved November 29, 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Class News". Alumni Report. 34 (3). Philadelphia College of Pharmacy Alumni Association: 68. 1897. Retrieved November 29, 2016 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b Henderson, Metta Lou; Worthen, Dennis B. (March 8, 2002). American Women Pharmacists: Contributions to the Profession. CRC Press. p. 10. ISBN 9780789010926. Retrieved November 29, 2016 – via Google Books.
Further reading
edit- Atwater, Edward C (2016). Women Medical Doctors in the United States before the Civil War: A Biographical Dictionary. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press. ISBN 9781580465717. OCLC 945359277.