主人

Chinese

		to own; to host; master to own; to host; master; lord; primary	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (主人)		主	人
alternative forms		主儂／主侬 Min vernacular
anagram		人主

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhǔrén

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˇ ㄖㄣˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җўжын (žwřɨn, II-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zyu² jan⁴ / zyu² jan^4-2

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zi² ngin³ / zi² ngin^3*

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chú-ngìn

  (Hailu, HRS): zhu^ˊ ngin

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zu³ ngin²

• Eastern Min (BUC): ciō-nè̤ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chú-lâng / chú-lîn / chí-jîn / chú-jîn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zu² ring⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsy-gnin

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhǔrén
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˇ ㄖㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhǔrén
    • Wade–Giles: chu³-jên²
    • Yale: jǔ-rén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juuren
    • Palladius: чжужэнь (čžužɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җўжын (žwřɨn, II-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ ʐəŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zyu² jan⁴ / zyu² jan^4-2
    • Yale: jyú yàhn / jyú yán
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzy² jan⁴ / dzy² jan^4-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: ju² yen⁴ / ju² yen^4-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syː³⁵ jɐn²¹/, /t͡syː³⁵ jɐn²¹⁻³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zi² ngin³ / zi² ngin^3*
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵⁵ ᵑɡin²²/, /t͡si⁵⁵ ᵑɡin²²⁻²²⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chú-ngìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: zu^ˋ ngin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zu³ ngin²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹ ŋin¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: zhu^ˊ ngin
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃu²⁴⁻³³ ŋin⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zu³ ngin²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹ ŋin¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ciō-nè̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suo³³⁻²¹ nˡøyŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-lâng
    • Tâi-lô: tsú-lâng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zwlaang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ laŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ laŋ²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ laŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ laŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-lîn
    • Tâi-lô: tsú-lîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zwliin
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lin²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lin²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí-jîn
    • Tâi-lô: tsí-jîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cyjiin
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ d͡zin¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú-jîn
    • Tâi-lô: tsú-jîn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zwjiin
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ zin²³/

Note: chú-lîn/chí-jîn/chú-jîn - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zu² ring⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsú jîng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su⁵²⁻³⁵ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsy-gnin
    • MiniDict: tsy^去 nyin
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsr-nyin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³³ n̠ʲin⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyuX nyin

Rime
Character	主	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	之庾切	如鄰切
Baxter	tsyuX	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨoX/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕioX/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕioX/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuə̆X/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕioX/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuX/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uX/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǔ	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu2	jan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*toʔ  ni[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjoʔ  njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	主	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǔ	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuX ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*toʔ/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	master; host	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	主	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17618	10800
Phonetic component	主	人
Rime group	侯	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	主	仁
Old Chinese	/*tjoʔ/	/*njin/

Noun

主人

1. master; owner
2. host (person who receives or entertains other people as guests)
3. (BDSM) master (male dominant)

   Coordinate term: 女主人 (nǚzhǔrén)

Synonyms

• (master):

edit

• 所有人 (suǒyǒurén)
• 物主 (wùzhǔ)

 

• (host):

edit

• 主人公 (zhǔréngōng) (literary, honorific)
• 主人翁 (zhǔrénwēng) (literary, honorific)
• 東人／东人 (dōngrén) (archaic)
• 東家／东家 (dōngjiā)
• 東道／东道 (dōngdào)
• 東道主／东道主 (dōngdàozhǔ)
• 東道主人／东道主人 (dōngdào zhǔrén)

 

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “master”): 奴隸／奴隶 (núlì), 僕人／仆人 (púrén)

Derived terms

• 主人公 (zhǔréngōng)
• 主人娘
• 主人家
• 主人翁 (zhǔrénwēng)
• 主人頭／主人头
• 女主人 (nǚzhǔrén)
• 東道主人／东道主人 (dōngdào zhǔrén)
• 狗無嫌主人散／狗无嫌主人散

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (主人):

• → Japanese: 主人(しゅじん) (shujin)
• → Korean: 주인(主人) (ju'in)
• → Vietnamese: chủ nhân (主人)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
主	人
しゅ Grade: 3	じん Grade: 1
kan'on

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 主人 (MC tsyuX nyin).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しゅじん [shúꜜjìǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨʑĩɴ]

Noun

主(しゅ)人(じん) • (shujin) 

1. (humble) (one's own) husband (use ご主人 to refer to somebody else's husband)

   Synonym: (husband) 夫 (otto)

   Antonyms: (wife) 妻 (tsuma), (someone else's wife) 奥さん (oku-san), (one's own wife) 家内 (kanai)

2. someone's master

   ご主(しゅ)人(じん)様(さま)、ご命(めい)令(れい)を。

   Go-shujin-sama, go-meirei o.

   I await your orders, master.

3. owner
4. host or hostess

References

• Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
主	人

Noun

主人 • (ju'in) (hangeul 주인)

1. hanja form^? of 주인 (“master or owner; proprietor”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
主	人

Noun

主人

1. chữ Hán form of chủ nhân (“master or owner; proprietor”).