Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žьrny

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gírˀnūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂-núH-s, from *gʷréh₂wō.

Noun

*žь̀rny f

1. millstone

Declension

Declension of *žь̀rny (hard v-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*žь̀rny	*žь̀rnъvi	*žь̀rnъvi
genitive	*žь̀rnъve	*žь̀rnъvu	*žь̀rnъvъ
dative	*žь̀rnъvi	*žь̀rnъvьma, *žь̀rnъvama*	*žь̀rnъvьmъ, *žь̀rnъvamъ*
accusative	*žь̀rnъvь	*žь̀rnъvi	*žь̀rnъvi
instrumental	*žь̀rnъvьjǫ, *žь̀rnъvľǭ**	*žь̀rnъvьma, *žь̀rnъvama*	*žь̀rnъvьmī, *žь̀rnъvamī*
locative	*žь̀rnъve	*žь̀rnъvu	*žь̀rnъvьxъ, *žь̀rnъvaxъ*
vocative	*žь̀rny	*žь̀rnъvi	*žь̀rnъvi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: жо́рны pl (žórny)
  • Russian: жёрнов (žórnov)
  • Ukrainian: жо́рна (žórna)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: жрьнꙑ (žrĭny)

    Glagolitic script: ⰶⱃⱐⱀⱏⰹ (žrĭny)

  • Bulgarian: же́рка (žérka) (archaic, dialectal)
  • Macedonian:
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: жр̑вањ

    Latin script: žrvanj

  • Slovene: žȓnǝv (tonal orthography) (gen. žȓnve)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: žrnov
    • Czech: žernov
      • Moravian (Mistřice): žrnof
    • Slovak: žarnov
  • Old Polish: żarnów
    • Polish: żarna
  • Slovincian: żarna n pl

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жёрнов”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress