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Demak Regency

Coordinates: 6°53′41.1″S 110°38′18.5″E / 6.894750°S 110.638472°E / -6.894750; 110.638472
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Demak Regency
Kabupaten Demak
Regency
Demak Great Mosque
Demak Great Mosque
Coat of arms of Demak Regency
Coat of arms
Nickname: 
Kota Wali (city of the saints)
Location of Demak Regency in Central Java
Location of Demak Regency in Central Java
Coordinates: 6°53′41.1″S 110°38′18.5″E / 6.894750°S 110.638472°E / -6.894750; 110.638472
CountryIndonesia
ProvinceCentral Java
Establishment28 March 1503[1]
CapitalDemak
Government
 • RegentDr. Hj. Eisti'anah, S.E.
 • Vice RegentK.H. Ali Makshun, M.Si
Area
 • Total995.32 km2 (384.30 sq mi)
Population
 (mid 2023 estimate)
 • Total1,240,510
 • Density1,200/km2 (3,200/sq mi)
 [2]
Time zoneUTC+7 (WIB)
Area code+62 291
Websitedemakkab.go.id

Demak (Javanese: ꦢꦼꦩꦏ꧀) is a regency located in the Indonesian province of Central Java, on the northern coast of the island. It is bordered by Jepara Regency and the Java Sea to the north, Kudus and Grobogan Regencies to the east, Grobogan and Semarang Regencies to the south, while to the west are Semarang Regency and the city of Semarang, to which the districts of Mranggen and Sayung within Demak Regency are essentially suburban. The regency covers an area of 995.32 km2 (384.30 sq mi) and had a population of 1,055,579 at the 2010 Census[3] and 1,203,956 at the 2020 Census;[4] the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,240,510 (comprising 625,934 males and 614,576 females).[2] It was originally the centre of the Demak Sultanate, once a dominant power in the region. Due to its strong relation with the spread of Islam in Java and the Wali Sanga, it is sometimes referred to with the nickname Kota Wali.

History

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Precolonial period

[edit]
Main article: Demak Sultanate

The area was a part of the Majapahit Empire during its zenith around the 14th century. The city itself was founded sometime in the late fifteenth century, possibly by a Chinese whose descendant later became the Sultans of Demak. The first Sultan was known as Raden Patah, who was a vassal of Majapahit until 1478.[5] The city was founded as a seaport, next to the now-nonexistent Muria Palaeostrait separating Java from Muria Island (now Mount Muria), although silting has now entirely turned the waterway into land.[6] The Sultanate expanded in the expense of the declining Majapahit and its fragments, conquering the coastal region of Tuban around 1527 and reaching inland areas as far as Malang by 1546.[5] As the capital, the city became an important center for trade and the spread of Islam across the island, and a base of the semi-apocryphal Wali Sanga. Upon the decline of the Sultanate, the region was conquered in turn by the Pajang and Mataram Sultanates.[7] The seaport began to silt sometime in the 17th century, diminishing the region's importance as a seaport.

Semarang Residency in 1889. Demak is the area with the coastline facing northwest towards the Java Sea.

Dutch East Indies Era

[edit]

Direct VOC presence in Java started upon their capture of Jayakarta (now Jakarta, then Batavia) on 1619. In the 18th century, a massacre of ethnic Chinese in Batavia triggered a war between VOC and Mataram, resulting in the latter's defeat and cession of the north coast of Java, including Demak, to VOC.[8] Upon the latter's dissolution on late 1799, administration of the area along with the rest of VOC's territory was transferred to the Dutch Government while Mataram was reduced to several fragmented states in the south coast of Java, including Yogyakarta and Surakarta.

As part of Dutch East Indies, Demak was organized with nearby Semarang into Residentie Semarang as the Demak Regency[9] and later into Central Java province upon the independence of Indonesia.

Economy

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In 2014, the gross regional domestic product of the regency was Rp 14.078 trillion (US$1.133 billion) or Rp 12.73 million per capita (US$1025),[10]: 369  with the agriculture and manufacturing sectors being the largest contributors. Rice is the most important agricultural produce, with 608,532 tons harvested in 2016 from 69,975 hectares (172,910 acres) of cultivated land.[10]: 212 

A 300-hectare (740-acre) industrial park is currently under construction, aimed to boost investment in the regency.[11]

Administrative districts

[edit]

The Regency comprises fourteen districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census[3] and the 2020 Census,[4] together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.[2] The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 243 rural desa and 6 urban kelurahan - the latter all in Demak District), and its post code.

Kode
Wilayah		 Name of
District
(kecamatan)		 Area
in
km2		 Pop'n
Census
2010		 Pop'n
Census
2020		 Pop'n
Estimate
mid 2023		 Admin
centre		 No.
of
villages		 Post
code
33.21.01 Mranggen 77.59 157,143 175,722 179,998 Mranggen 19 59567
33.21.02 Karangawen 81.71 82,814 94,653 97,572 Karangawen 12 59566
33.21.03 Guntur 64.28 72,312 86,122 89,845 Guntur 20 59565
33.21.04 Sayung 85.97 96,758 105,712 107,555 Sayung 20 59563
33.21.05 Karangtengah 56.44 59,075 68,781 71,284 Karangtengah 17 59561
33.21.12 Bonang 87.06 95,796 106,712 109,185 Bonang 21 59552
(a)
33.21.11 Demak 63.05 98,127 110,165 112,974 Demak 19 (b) 59511
-59517
33.21.06 Wonosalam 62.79 71,485 84,662 88,179 Wonosalam 21 59571
33.21.07 Dempet 63.94 51,092 59,689 61,922 Dempet 16 59573
33.21.14 Kebonagung 44.46 37,649 41,560 42,411 Kebonagung 14 59583
33.21.08 Gajah 53.73 43,014 51,735 54,126 Gajah 18 59581
33.21.09 Karanganyar 69.87 68,182 77,535 79,809 Karanganyar 17 59582
33.21.10 Mijen 55.00 50,305 58,287 60,323 Mijen 15 59584
33.21.13 Wedung 129.42 71,827 82,621 85,327 Wedung 20 59554
Totals 995.32 1,055,579 1,203,956 1,240,510 Demak 249

Note: (a) except for desa of Kembangan, which has a post code of 59511. (b) comprises the 6 kelurahan (Betokan, Bintoro, Kadilangu, Kalicilik, Mangunjiwan and Singorejo) and 13 desa.

The first five districts listed above are situated in the southwest part of the Regency (and thus adjacent to Semarang City), with an area of 365.99 km2 and 546,254 inhabitants in mid 2023. The remaining nine districts are situated further away from Semarang, with an area of 629.33 km2 and 694,256 inhabitants in mid 2023.[2]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Almanaf, Rival (29 March 2017). "Peringati Hari Jadi, Bupati Ajak Seluruh Elemen Laksanakan Lima Program Unggulan Demak" (in Indonesian). Tribunnews Jateng. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  2. ^ a b c d Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kabupaten Demak Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3321)
  3. ^ a b Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  4. ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
  5. ^ a b Ricklefs, M.C. (2008). A History of Modern Indonesia since C.1200. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 38–39.
  6. ^ Sunarto (2006). "Geomorphological Development of the Muria Palaeostrait in Relation to the Morphodynamics of the Wulan Delta, Central Java". Indonesian Journal of Geography.
  7. ^ Soekmono, R. (1981). Pengantar sejarah kebudayaan Indonesia 3 (in Indonesian) (Edisi 3. ed.). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius. ISBN 9789794132913.
  8. ^ Setiono, Benny G. (2008). Tionghoa Dalam Pusaran Politik (in Indonesian). Jakarta: TransMedia. p. 161. ISBN 9789797990527. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  9. ^ Cribb, Robert. "Administrative divisions in Central Java, 1931". Digital Atlas of Indonesian History. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  10. ^ a b "Demak in Figures 2017" (PDF). BPS Kabupaten Demak (in Indonesian). Statistics Indonesia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  11. ^ Oktaviane, Dwi (24 July 2017). "Demak bangun kawasan industri, siap layani investor" (in Indonesian). Tempo. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
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