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Timeline of Little Rock, Arkansas

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Little Rock, Arkansas, US.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

18th-19th centuries

[edit]
Little Rock, Arkansas, 1887
  • 1722 – French explorer Jean-Baptiste Benard de la Harpe lands near a small rock formation on the south bank of the Arkansas River, which he reputedly names la Petite Roche (the little rock). La Harpe builds a trading post near the little rock. The Quapaw Indians reside nearby.[1]
  • 1812 – William Lewis, a fur trapper, builds a temporary seasonal home near the little rock.[1]
  • 1814 - Colonel Edmund Hogan, builds 1st home and ferry at the little rock where the road from Missouri crossed the Arkansas River [2][3][4][5]
  • 1815 - Colonel Edmund Hogan is signer of Grand Jury of the county of Arkansas, Territory of Missouri, requesting a company of regular troops be stationed in said county, April, 1816 [6]
  • 1816–1818 Colonel Edmund Hogan represented Arkansas County in the 3rd Territorial General Assembly of Missouri in 1816 and 1818
  • 1818 - Colonel Edmund Hogan appointed first justice of Peace of Pulaski county [7]
  • 1819 - The Arkansas Gazette established.[8]
  • 1820
    • Jan 1820 Colonel Edmund Hogan sold his ferry and settlement on the Arkansas River at Little Rock to William Russell (The ferry was later owned by first territorial secretary Robert Crittenden) [4][9]
    • Little Rock is surveyed.[1]
    • Robert Crittenden, born 1797, and Chester Ashley, born 1791, enter into an agreement for a "Partnership in the Practice of Law" which lays the groundwork for the Rose Law Firm, the oldest law firm west of the Mississippi River.
  • 1821
    • March 21, 1821, Colonel. Edmund Hogan appointed as Brigadier General of the Arkansas Militia, by U.S. President Monroe.[9]
    • Matthew Cunningham arrives in Little Rock. He is the first physician in the city. [verification needed]
    • Little Rock becomes the capital of the Arkansas Territory formed in 1819; and seat of Pulaski County.[10][8]
    • Arkansas Gazette in publication.
    • Little Rock briefly renamed "Arkopolis."[11]
  • 1825 – Little Rock Tavern in business (approximate date).[12]
  • 1826- Robert Cunningham, son of Matthew and Eliza, is the first free child born in Little Rock. Records do not survive for births of enslaved persons leaving unclear whether Cunningham was the first child born in the city.
  • 1830 – Advocate (Whig) newspaper begins publication.[13]
  • 1831 – Little Rock is incorporated as a city.
    • Dr. Matthew Cunningham is elected the first mayor of Little Rock. His descendants reside in the city as of 2022.
  • 1833 – Arkansas State House (now Old State House Museum) is built. Completed in 1842, it serves as the State capitol until 1911.[14]
  • 1836
    • Jesse Brown becomes mayor.[15]
    • Arkansas becomes the 25th State, and Little Rock became the official capital city.[8]
    • Pulaski County Lyceum active (approximate date).[16]
  • 1837 – Antiquarian and Natural History Society and Bar Association founded.[16]
  • 1838 – Steam ferry begins operating.[1]
  • 1839 – Little Rock Theatre opens.[17]
  • 1840 – The Tornado newspaper begins publication.[18]
  • 1841 – Little Rock Arsenal (now MacArthur Museum of Military History) is completed. It serves as a storehouse for U.S. ordnance.[19]
  • 1843
  • 1845 – Catholic church built.[1]
  • 1850 – Population: 2,167.[1][8]
  • 1858 – Mechanics' Institute established.[21]
  • 1859 – St. Johns military college opens.[22]
  • 1860 – Population: 3,727.[1][8]
  • 1861
  • 1863
    • Union forces occupy Little Rock.[8]
    • Daily Pantograph newspaper begins publication.[18]
  • 1864 – 17-year-old David Owen Dodd is hanged on January 6 for being a Confederate spy.
  • 1866 – Little Rock Police Department formed.
  • 1867 – Mercantile Library founded.[20]
  • 1868
  • 1870 – Population: 12,000 (approximate).[1][8]
  • 1873
  • 1874
  • 1876
  • 1877 – Walden Seminary founded.[8]
  • 1879 – Telephone begins operating per Western Union Telegraph Company.[26]
  • 1880 – General Douglas MacArthur born on January 26 in The Tower Building of the Little Rock Arsenal. The building is now the home of the MacArthur Museum of Arkansas Military History, and the surrounding area is called MacArthur Park.
  • 1881 – Little Rock United States Post Office and Courthouse built.
  • 1882 – Cathedral of St. Andrew built.[1]
  • 1883
  • 1884
  • 1885 – Walnut Grove Methodist Church built.
  • 1887 – Little Rock Electric Street Railway Company chartered.[26]
  • 1888 – Electric street lighting installed.[1]
  • 1890
  • 1891 – Electric streetcars begin operating.[citation needed]
  • 1892 – Fire Department established.[26]
  • 1897 – Arkansas Federation of Women’s Clubs organized during a meeting in Little Rock.[1]
  • 1900 – Population: 38,307.[28][8]

20th century

[edit]

1900s-1940s

[edit]
Little Rock in 1920

1950s-1990s

[edit]
The Arkansas Governor's Mansion was opened in 1950.
  • 1950
    • Arkansas Governor's Mansion built.
    • Little Rock goes over 100,000 in population within the city and the metropolitan area has 196,000 people.
  • 1951
    • Pratt C. Remmel becomes mayor; first Republican mayor since 1887
    • Pulaski County Historical Society established.[41]
  • 1953
  • 1954 – KARK-TV (television) begins broadcasting.[42]
  • 1955
  • 1956 – Community Theatre of Little Rock founded.
  • 1957 – The Little Rock Nine are enrolled at Little Rock Central High School after public protests, and the Arkansas National Guard under the direction of Governor Orval Faubus, prevents their first attempt at enrollment. Arkansas was the third most segregated state in the country at the time (behind Mississippi and Alabama respectively) [citation needed]. President Dwight Eisenhower dispatches federal troops to ensure the students' safety and enforce their right to attend school. These events are collectively referred to as the Crisis at Central High.[45][46]
  • 1958 – All three public high schools in Little Rock are closed for one year by Governor Faubus in an attempt to subvert federal efforts to desegregate Arkansas public schools.
  • 1960 – Arkansas Arts Center founded.
  • 1964 – Dillard's headquartered in Little Rock.[44]
  • 1967 – University Mall opens.
  • 1968 – Construction booms downtown, Worthen Bank Building at 375 feet (114 m) and Union National Bank at 330 feet (100 m) are under construction and replace The Tower Building as the city's tallest buildings. Union National Bank subsequently merged into Worthen, which eventually would become part of Bank of America. [when?]
  • 1971
  • 1974 – First National Bank building is under construction and becomes the city's tallest building at 454 feet (138 m) and 30 stories. The building currently is Arkansas headquarters for Regions Bank.
  • 1975 – Central Arkansas Library System headquartered in city.[47]
  • 1976 – Arkansas Repertory Theatre founded.
  • 1979
  • 1980 – Population: 158,461.[28]
  • 1981 – City creates the Little Rock Ambulance Authority (Emergency Medical Health Care Facilities Board) as an oversite committee for emergency medical care in the city.[48]
  • 1983
  • 1984 – City begins operating public utility model ambulance service known as MEMS.
  • 1985
  • 1986
    • The Capitol Tower is completed, and at 40 stories and 547 feet (167 m) tall, is the tallest building in Arkansas. The skyscraper's name changed to the TCBY Tower later, and became the Metropolitan Tower as of October 2004. The Stephens Building is also completed, and is 25 stories and 365 feet (111 m) tall when finished. It was named the First South building, and then the Rogers building. [when?]
    • KJTM-TV (now KASN) begins broadcasting.
  • 1987 – Lottie Shackelford becomes mayor.
  • 1990 – Population: 175,795.[28]
  • 1991
  • 1992
  • 1994 – Sister city agreement established with Changchun, People's Republic of China.[49]
  • 1995 – Jim Dailey becomes mayor.[50]
  • 1997
    • Butler Center for Arkansas Studies headquartered in Little Rock.
    • 40th anniversary of the Crisis at Central High is marked by the opening of a new National Park Service visitor center.
    • KVUT (now KARZ-TV) begins broadcasting.
    • March 1: An F4 tornado strikes the city's southern and eastern suburbs, killing five (among 15 total deaths throughout the tornado's 27-mile path across Central Arkansas).
  • 1999
    • January 21: An F3 tornado (one of three tornadoes to hit Pulaski County during the broader outbreak) causes severe damage to over 235 buildings in neighborhoods south of downtown, and knocks down several trees on the property of the Arkansas Governor's Mansion; three people died as a result of the storm.
    • June 1: American Airlines Flight 1420 crashes after overrunning the runway during landing at Adams Field, killing 11 of the 145 people aboard. [citation needed]
    • Acxiom Corporation headquartered in city.[44]
  • 2000
    • Little Rock population: 610,518 (core metropolitan area), 785,024 (primary metropolitan area) in 2000 census.

21st century

[edit]
Little Rock, Arkansas as seen from the International Space Station (ISS) in 2011

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Federal Writers' Project 1941: "Little Rock"
  2. ^ 1821 Nuttall's Journal of Travels into the Arkansa Territory October 2, 1818 – February 18, 1820 Travels in America Thomas Nuttall
  3. ^ Nuttall, Thomas (2007). Nuttall's Journal. Applewood Books. ISBN 978-1-4290-0068-0.
  4. ^ a b "Hogan, Edmund – Encyclopedia of Arkansas".
  5. ^ Journal of Travels into the Arkansas Territory in the Year 1819, by Thomas Nuttall
  6. ^ Territorial Papers, Vol. XV, 1815–1821, page 88
  7. ^ The Arkansas Gazette, issues of May 6, 1820 & July 29, 1820
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Britannica 1910.
  9. ^ a b Shinn's Pioneers and Makers of Arkansas, page 250; Arkansas Gazette, issues of March 24, 1821 and Oct 20, 1821
  10. ^ Fay Hempstead (1890), A pictorial history of Arkansas, from earliest times to the year 1890, St. Louis: N.D. Thompson, OL 24611790M
  11. ^ The high lights of Arkansas history, Little Rock: Arkansas History Commission, 1922, OCLC 4599910, OL 6659882M
  12. ^ Josiah Hazen Shinn (1908), Pioneers and makers of Arkansas, Genealogical and Historical Pub. Co., hdl:2027/mdp.39015002678921
  13. ^ a b Frederick William Allsopp (1922), History of the Arkansas press for a hundred years and more, Little Rock, Ark: Parke-Harper Pub. Co., OL 7142510M
  14. ^ "Old State House Museum". C-SPAN. January 23, 2001. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
  15. ^ Little Rock (Ark (1915). "List of the Mayors of the City of Little Rock". Digest of the City of Little Rock, Arkansas.
  16. ^ a b Hendrickson 1958.
  17. ^ Stokes 1964.
  18. ^ a b "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  19. ^ "United States Arsenal". The Illinois Free Trader. Vol. I, no. 48. Ottawa, Illinois: George F. Weaver & John Hise. April 16, 1841. p. 2.
  20. ^ a b Davies Project. "American Libraries before 1876". Princeton University. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  21. ^ Pierce 2008.
  22. ^ United Daughters of the Confederacy. Arkansas Division. Memorial Chapter, Little Rock (1919), Historical Arkansas, Little Rock, OL 23361792M{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  23. ^ Thomas, David Y. (1926), Arkansas in War and Reconstruction, 1861–1874, Little Rock: Arkansas Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, pp. 55–56, LCCN 27003960, OCLC 2306662 – via Central Printing Company
  24. ^ The constitution of the State of Arkansas : framed and adopted by the convention which assembled at Little Rock, January 7th, 1868, Harper, 1870, OL 5820163M
  25. ^ John Hugh Reynolds; et al. (1906), "Educational Institutions, Churches and Benevolent Societies", Publications of the Arkansas Historical Association, Fayetteville, pp. 144–185
  26. ^ a b c Carl H. Moneyhon (1997), Arkansas and the New South, 1874–1929, Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, ISBN 1-55728-489-X
  27. ^ Chesnutt 1983.
  28. ^ a b c d Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, U.S. Census Bureau, 1998
  29. ^ "Public Libraries in the South". Library Journal. March 1917.
  30. ^ "Movie Theaters in Little Rock, AR". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  31. ^ "Eddies from the weekly current of motor happenings: pungent paragraphs picked up from various sources". Motor Age. Chicago. October 28, 1915. OCLC 1776327.
  32. ^ Library Journal, July 1917
  33. ^ a b c Jack Alicoate, ed. (1939), "Arkansas", Radio Annual, New York: Radio Daily, OCLC 2459636
  34. ^ Vernon N. Kisling, Jr., ed. (2001). "Zoological Gardens of the United States (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
  35. ^ Brian D. Greer, "John Carter (Lynching of)", Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture, 2013
  36. ^ Aiello 2006.
  37. ^ Nina Mjagkij, ed. (2001), Organizing Black America: an Encyclopedia of African American Associations, Garland, ISBN 978-0-8153-2309-9
  38. ^ a b c "History". Arkansas Arts Center. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  39. ^ "Our Beginnings". Historic Arkansas Museum. Department of Arkansas Heritage. Archived from the original on June 21, 2013. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  40. ^ "Little Rock City Beautiful Commission". Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  41. ^ "Pulaski County Historical Society". Little Rock, AR. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  42. ^ a b c Charles A. Alicoate, ed. (1960), "Television Stations: Arkansas", Radio Annual and Television Year Book, New York: Radio Daily Corp., OCLC 10512206
  43. ^ "Pulaski County Historical Review: Table of Contents Historical Listing". Pulaski County Historical Society. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  44. ^ a b c d James W. Bell. "Little Rock (Pulaski County)". Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  45. ^ "On This Day", New York Times, retrieved November 1, 2014
  46. ^ "Events", Civil Rights Digital Library, Athens, GA: Digital Library of Georgia, retrieved March 29, 2017 (Timeline)
  47. ^ "Our History". Central Arkansas Library System. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  48. ^ "Ordinance No. 14,062". web.littlerock.state.ar.us. Retrieved 2024-10-25.
  49. ^ a b c "Sister Cities Commission". Littlerock.gov. City of Little Rock. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
  50. ^ "Meet the Mayor". City of Little Rock. Archived from the original on February 20, 2006.
  51. ^ "Sister Cities Commission". Lrsistercities.org. City of Little Rock. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
  52. ^ "Arkansas Literary Festival". Archived from the original on February 15, 2004.
  53. ^ "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers – Programs and Project Management". Pulaski County Pedestrian/Bicycle Bridge Project Status. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers – Little Rock District – Programs and Project Management Division. August 22, 2006. Archived from the original on June 26, 2004. Retrieved 2006-12-02.
  54. ^ "Meet the Mayors". Washington, DC: United States Conference of Mayors. Archived from the original on June 27, 2008. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  55. ^ Civic Impulse, LLC. "Members of Congress". GovTrack. Washington, D.C. Retrieved October 1, 2016.

Bibliography

[edit]

Published in the 19th century

[edit]

Published in the 20th century

[edit]
  • Little Rock Board of Trade (1902). Annual Report.
  • "Arkansas", Rand-McNally Official Railway Guide and Hand Book, Chicago: American Railway Guide Co., 1902, hdl:2027/uva.x000764532
  • "Little Rock" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 792–793.
  • "Little Rock, Ark.". Automobile Blue Book. Vol. 7. New York: Automobile Blue Book Publishing Co. 1919. hdl:2027/pst.000052908552 – via HathiTrust.
  • Federal Writers' Project (1941), "Little Rock", Arkansas: a Guide to the State, American Guide Series, New York, hdl:2027/mdp.39015002678947, OCLC 478887{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link). = Chronology
  • Walter B. Hendrickson (1958). "Culture in Early Arkansas: The Antiquarian and Natural History Society of Little Rock". Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 17.
  • D. Allen Stokes (1964). "The First Theatrical Season in Arkansas: Little Rock, 1838–1839". Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 23.
  • Ira Don Richards. Story of a Rivertown: Little Rock in the Nineteenth Century. Benton, AR: 1969.
  • Little Rock Handbook. Little Rock: James W. Bell, 1980.
  • Ory Mazar Nergal, ed. (1980), "Little Rock, AR", Encyclopedia of American Cities, New York: E.P. Dutton, OL 4120668M
  • Paul D. Lack (1982). "An Urban Slave Community: Little Rock, 1831–1862". Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 41.
  • E.F. Chesnutt (1983). "Little Rock Gets Electric Lights". Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 42 (3): 239–253. doi:10.2307/40030760. JSTOR 40030760.
  • Hampton F. Roy, Charles Witsell Jr., and Cheryl Griffith Nichols. How We Lived: Little Rock as an American City. Little Rock: August House, 1984.
  • Jim Lester and Judy Lester. Greater Little Rock. Norfork, VA: The Donning Company, 1986.
  • O'Donnell, William W. (1987). The Civil War Quadrennium: A Narrative History of Day-to-Day Life in Little Rock, Arkansas During the American War Between Northern and Southern States 1861–1865 (2nd ed.). Little Rock, Ark.: Civil War Round Table of Arkansas. LCCN 85-72643 – via Horton Brothers Printing Company.
  • Letha Mills and H. K. Stewart. Little Rock: A Contemporary Portrait. Windson Publications: Chatsworth, CA, 1990.
  • George Thomas Kurian (1994), "Little Rock, Arkansas", World Encyclopedia of Cities, vol. 1: North America, Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-0-87436-649-5 – via Internet Archive (fulltext)
  • "The South: Arkansas: Little Rock", USA, Let's Go, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999, OL 24937240M

Published in the 21st century

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  • Thomas Aiello (2006). "The Fading of the Greys: Black Baseball and Historical Memory in Little Rock". Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 65.
  • The Little Rock Campaign Tour: A Driving Tour of Sites Along the Route the Union Army Took to Capture the Capitol of Arkansas (PDF) (3rd ed.). Civil War Round Table of Arkansas and Central Arkansas Civil War Heritage Trail Association. September 2007.
  • Michael Pierce (2008). "The Mechanics of Little Rock: Free Labor Ideas in Antebellum Arkansas, 1845–1861". Arkansas Historical Quarterly. 67.
  • C. Fred Williams. Historic Little Rock: An Illustrated History. San Antonio, TX: Historical Pub. Network, 2008.
[edit]
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