Wikipedia:Meetup/SpelmanLitWeek

Spelman Edits Wikipedia for Lit Week's Social Justice Saturday Event

When and Where
Date	April 2, 2022
Time	1:00 pm – 7:00 pm, EST
Address	Zoom
City/State	Atlanta, GA 30314

The Spelman College English Department is hosting its first-ever editathon, which will take place as part of Lit Week, an annual event commemorating transformative contemporary Black Women writers and their impact on scholarship, art, and community action. The organizers have chosen to sponsor a Wikipedia editathon as this year's Social Justice Saturday Community Action Event. We seek to diversify Wikipedia's coverage of Black Women, as well as its editorship. The vast majority (at least 85%) of Wikipedia's editors are (white) males (See See Gender bias on Wikipedia). Given that Wikipedia is among the top five most visited websites online, its content should more accurately reflect the knowledge of its diverse readers and editors.

This exciting event presents a unique opportunity to collaborate and work towards alleviating the marginalization of Black Women's excellence from Herstory to now. We, at Spelman, have the power to diversify Wikipedia coverage by improving and adding more articles about notable black women, significant events involving black women, and sites of black women's intellectual and cultural contributions.

Wikistorming Wikipedia, or crowding the space to edit its pages with more diverse content about gender, has been a popular practice among feminists since the first Art+Feminism Editathon in 2009. This global event was organized at Spelman in 2017 and serves as a foundation for increasing the visibility of Wikipedia editing as serious knowledge work and intellectual service at the college. Howard University's Black History Editathon in 2015, and their recent collaboration with AfroCROWD, were also part of the inspiration for organizing this event as part of Lit Week. The organizers of this event have drawn on the comprehensive resources from these prior events to assist our participants and partners with Wikipedia editing.

Important Note: This event was deliberately organized to take place during the transition between March and April to honor the limbo space that black women are often in when the public commemorates both black and women's history months, consecutively.

Event information

• Date: Saturday, April 2, 2022
• Time: 1:00 am – 7:00 pm/EDT
• Location: Zoom
• Capacity: 100 participants maximum.
• Cost: Free!
• Who should attend: Everyone with an interest in recovering or documenting Black women's herstory and expanding the diversity of knowledge on Wikipedia. No experience is necessary, but you should be capable of turning a computer on and off, as well as accessing the world wide web. We are happy to teach you the basics of editing Wikipedia and point you towards relevant reference materials. The public is welcome to this virtual event.
• Registration: Access to Zoom Link
• Preparation: Sign-up on our event dashboard, in advance of the event.. Here, you will be able to complete training modules, and become more familiar with the Wikipedia community and Wikipedia editing. In addition, feel free to scroll down and browse through the task list to get a sense of what you might like to work on.

The Editathon will take place via Zoom. The URL will be accessible after you register for the event.

Who Can Participate

No Wikipedia editing experience necessary; as needed throughout the event, tutoring will be provided for Wikipedia newcomers. An intensive training will be provided from 1:00-2:30 p.m. to accommodate new editors. You are highly encouraged to attend this training if you are especially anxious about editing Wikipedia.

All students, faculty, and staff in the AUC, especially black women and students representing diverse gender expression, are encouraged to attend. However, please know that all are welcome! If you are unfamiliar with Wikipedia, you can get a head start with this this training module.

Learn more about Wikipedia's gender gap at WikiProject Women. More about Art+Feminism campaign on their page. Learn more about the racial gap at WikiProject African diaspora and the race/gender gap at Wikipedia:WikiProject Women in Red/Black history

Herstorical Womanist Research Methods for Improving Articles

Too much or too little information about a person, event, or site of black women's herstory might make it seem difficult to research the kind of data that could improve a page. However, we must remember that traditional research methods tend to be very racialized and gendered in ways that cause us to overlook sources of knowing. Algorithmic bias remediates long histories of exclusion that permeate the processes of knowledge production.

We'll host a comprehensive workshop from 2:30-4 p.m./EDT for building knowledge about Black Herstory.

Structure a visionary research experience with this guided worksheet.

To begin formulating your inquiry and throughout your editing process, consider the following tips:

1. Begin by looking up her name in the black press and historical collections about Black Excellence. We must remember that if we are researching U.S. black women that the U.S. media has always been segregated. Therefore, we must look towards the black press for evidence of notability in many cases--especially when dealing with herstories from the last couple of centuries. Examples of major black press are provided through the NewsonWiki Project. Spelman participants can visit AUC library databases such as: African American Historical Papers Series 1 and ProQuest Central to search specific periodicals like Chicago Defender, Baltimore Afro-American, Freedom's Journal, and Atlanta Daily World.

The book Split Image contains more detailed information about the African-American newspapers, which includes several tables about African-American media, as well as involvement of African Americans in media..

Several historical collections also document a vast number of notable Black Women from 19th century to present. For example, the following sources are accessible via the FlipBoard Editing Wikipedia for Black Herstory, as well as the Schomburg, Google Books, and HathiTrust. See the resources section.

2. What are her institutional/organizational affiliations and commitments? To discover herstory, we must go where she is spending most of her time. Notable women tend to almost always spend some of their time in multiple networked organizations. Black women's social organizations, of course, were almost always political because most of our organizations--social, religious, educational--were created as a response to exclusion. The foundation of our national social organs, then, offers a rich source of discovering how "notable" a woman might have been through her leadership as an active member of the group, or as a founder.

History tends to be a matter of linear "ones" that trek through space as entities distant from a social scene. This is why it we tend to only look up information by "name" (e.g. Christopher Columbus, George Washington) or by some attribution of dominance (e.g. The Founding Fathers). In fact, meta-data may not even be coded to include a woman's first and last name. This is especially the case if a woman is known as someone's mother, wife, or daughter.

3. Who are her associates? Who was in her closest social circles? If you find one notable woman, you will probably find many other notable women. Although we are rightfully offended when we see women described in terms of being wives, daughters, and sisters--we may sometimes find out more about a woman's life by the mere trace of her associations.

For example, Rosetta Douglass certainly warrants more attention as the daughter of Frederick Douglass, but we may not find her if we don't consider that she became Rosetta Douglass Sprague. We may also recognize a notable mother by her notable mother, even if her mother became notable through association with a very notable man. Without Anne Murray Douglass, would Rosetta Douglass Sprague have written, Anne Murray Douglass, My Mother as I Recall Her. The address, which was delivered at published by the National Association of Colored Women.

As a Woman in Red (see Wikipedia:WikiProject Women in Red/Black history), few know about Rosetta's life. Are we even sure we know her name. We thought she was "Rosetta Douglass," but then we realized she was "Rosetta Douglass Sprague." On the published address, "Anne Murray Douglass: My Mother as I recall Her," we also see the signature, "Fredericka Douglass Sprague Perry." Fredericka Douglass Sprague Perry was Rosetta's daughter, who remained as active as her mother in service--but with a higher amount of visibility in the black media. This link makes me wonder what else the N.A.C.W. published and whether or not they serve as a "secondary source" that would be considered notable by Wikipedia's community policies. When daughters publish mothers, we know we are reading a great Herstory--each accomplishment made more visible by the affordances of technology, its expanding publics and their effect on an individual's visibility. For example, the news articles about Fredericka contain her photograph whereas articles about her mother do not. This likely represents the ways in which emerging media were affecting documentation practices. Nevertheless, Fredericka is another Woman in Red--like her mother.

We must consider making arguments about notability based on an entire eco-system of black women's lives. With the Internet, we now have more ways of seeing them and recognizing when we don't see them. Pay attention to the entire surroundings of the black woman to learn more about her. Was she a "co-founder?" Chances are that her and her other co-founders did notable things. What organizations link the women? What cities? What major events? Which notable people? Did someone she was close to pass away? Will looking at coverage of their death help us find out more information about our notable woman in question?

4. In what cities was the woman active? Investigating local newspapers, and especially black press (e.g. Chicago Defender) will be instrumental in finding the woman. You may not be able to look for her specifically by name. You may need to simply research organizations in which she was active to locate her in coverage.

5. What was her rhetorical/artistic activity? What did she compose to the public? Did she give speeches? Write texts? Produce or direct films and/or plays? Was she in films? Books like Shirley Wilson Logan's With Pen and Voice, which examines 19th century black women's speeches, offer clues as to how to document black women's rhetorical life. Several other texts are worth mentioning here, as well. For example, Traces of a Stream by Jacqueline Jones Royster and Words of Fire by Beverly Guy-Sheftall.

6. What was her professional and social relationship to media and emerging media technologies (e.g. phonograph, radio, television, etc.)? If we take for granted that the last centuries explosion of media did not involve black women, we will overlook notability. Black visibility in media functions as a major site and source of resistance. "Breaking through," as Etta Moten Barnett did in her role as "Bess" in Porgy and Bess, of course, constitutes notability. However, many notable women may not have been break throughs, even though they may have still heavily influenced their cities and our government's response to civil rights. In fact, even our breakthroughs end up being reduced to the one event despite their complex political and media involvement. This is why the black press is a critical secondary source for our effort here. Through major black press, especially if the black woman is from a major city, we may discover that she was in more organizations than are listed on her Wikipedia article. For example, Etta Moten Barnett was the director of Community Services for WYNR, a Chicago radio station. However, none of her page references this particular notable activity.

7. What, if any, educational institutions was the woman affiliated with? Their institutional digital archives or media might offer a key source for learning more about her "notable" activity on-campus and in the local campus community.

8. Did she ever visit Washington? Chances are, you may be able to find her in the national archives or local Washington newspapers--especially if she the "first" to go to the White House.

Resources for Editing

Tutorials

• On Editing Black History and Culture
• AfroCROWD African Diaspora centered Wikipedia Tutorials in English and Spanish
• Writing Wikipedia Pages for Notable Women in Computing applicable to any biography writing
• Wikipedia markup cheatsheet
• Gender gap resources.
• Art+Feminism Beginner Training Videos

Worksheets

• Checklist for Editors and Tutorial Schedule
• Building Knowledge for Herstory: Research Immersion
• JaneNova's List of Topics for Editing Herstory
• Information about Black press from the News On Wiki campaign

Black Collections/Archives

Essays Including Biographies and Miscellaneous Pieces, in Prose and Poetry (Plato, 1841)

Slaves and the Courts, 1740 to 1860

Frederick Douglass Newspapers, 1847 to 1874

School History of the Negro Race in America from 1619 to 1890: Combined with the History of the Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War (Johnson, 1890)

Women of Distinction (Scruggs, 1893)

Noted Negro Women: Their Triumphs and Activities (Majors, 1893)

African American Women Writers of the 19th Century (Digital Schomburg)

Evidences of Progress Among Colored People (Richings, 1905)

The Work of Afro-American (Mossell, 1908)

Homespun Heroines and Other Women of Distinction (Brown, 1926)

Women Builders (Daniel, 1931)

William A. Gladstone Afro-American Military Collection, 1773-1987

With Pen and Voice (Logan, 1995)

---Access to Biographies

Words of Fire (Guy-Sheftall, 1995)

Traces of a Stream (Royster, 2000)

Rosa Parks Papers

Open Access References

Definition of Open Access

• Google Scholar

• Open Library

• Directory of Open Access Journals : "The Directory of Open Access Journals is a service that indexes high quality, peer reviewed Open Access research journals, periodicals and their articles' metadata. The Directory aims to be comprehensive and cover all open access academic journals that use an appropriate quality control system (see below for definitions) and is not limited to particular languages or subject areas. The Directory aims to increase the visibility and ease of use of open access academic journals—regardless of size and country of origin—thereby promoting their visibility, usage and impact."

• University of California Santa Barbara's list of Free Publicly, Accessible Databases

• Black Historical Newspapers

• Digital Schomberg: “These selected sites offer access to free, high-quality databases of books, articles, oral histories, images, maps, interviews, and television programs. Some sites are specifically devoted to Africa and/or the African Diaspora, while others are more general but include materials of interest to research in the history and cultures of the black world.”

• National Archives

• Project Gutenberg

AUC Woodruff Library & Other Libraries' Resources

Most of the library's digital resources will connect automatically if you are on campus. If you are asked to login, use your campus login (for Spelman, Morehouse, CAU, ITC). For example: [yourusername]@spelman.edu along with your ONESpelman password.

AUC Woodruff Library Resources:

• Library Catalog
• Databases (A to Z list)
• Research Guides (by subject area)
• Digital Collections
• Archives
• JSTOR
• Oxford African American Studies Center
• Women and Social Movements in the United States, 1600-2000

ProQuest Historical Newspapers:

• Atlanta Daily World
• Chicago Defender
• Baltimore Afro-American

Other Libraries' Resources:

• Digital Library of Georgia

Suggested articles for editing

This is a crowd-sourced list. Please help us by adding appropriate articles

Black Women in the Arts, Media, and Advocacy

Musicians

1. Etta Moten Barnett: "(...) was an American actress and contralto vocalist, who was identified with her signature role of "Bess" in Porgy and Bess."
2. Gladys Bentley: "(...) was an American blues singer, pianist and entertainer during the Harlem Renaissance."
3. Lucille Bogan: "(...) was an American blues singer, among the first to be recorded. She also recorded under the pseudonym Bessie Jackson."
4. Lillyn Brown: "(...) was an American singer, vaudeville entertainer and teacher who claimed to be "the first professional vocalist to sing the blues in front of the public", in 1908."
5. Ida Cox "(...) an African-American singer and vaudeville performer, best known for her blues performances and recordings. She was billed as "The Uncrowned Queen of the Blues".
6. Katie Crippen: "(...) was an African-American entertainer and singer."
7. Zelma Watson George: "(...) was a well-known African-American philanthropist who was famous for being an alternate in the United Nations General Assembly and, as a headliner in Gian-Carlo Menotti's opera The Medium, the first African American to play a role that was typically played by a white actress."
8. Edna Hicks: "(...) was an American blues singer and musician."
9. Lucille Hegamin: "(...) was an American singer and entertainer and an early African-American blues recording artist."
10. Rosa Henderson: "(...) was an American jazz and classic female blues singer and vaudeville entertainer."
11. Bertha Hill: "(...) was an American blues and vaudeville singer and dancer, best known for her recordings with Louis Armstrong."
12. Alberta Hunter: "(...) was an internationally known African-American jazz singer and songwriter who had a successful career from the early 1920s to the late 1950s (she was a contemporary of Ethel Waters and Bessie Smith) and then stopped performing."
13. Virginia Liston: "(...) was an American classic female blues and jazz singer. She spent most of her career in black vaudeville."
14. Lizzie Miles: "(...) was the stage name of Elizabeth Mary Landreaux (March 31, 1895 – March 17, 1963), a Creole blues singer."
15. Ma Rainey: "(...) was one of the earliest African American professional blues singers and one of the first generation of blues singers to record. She was billed as the Mother of the Blues."
16. Clara Smith: "(...) was an African-American classic female blues singer. She was billed as the "Queen of the Moaners", in various styles, including jazz and blues."
17. Trixie Smith: "(...) was an African-American blues singer, recording artist, vaudeville entertainer, and actress."
18. Victoria Spivey: "(...) sometimes known as Queen Victoria, was an American blues singer and songwriter. During a recording career that spanned 40 years, from 1926 to the mid-1960s, she worked with Louis Armstrong, King Oliver, Clarence Williams, Luis Russell, Lonnie Johnson, and Bob Dylan."
19. Eva Taylor: "(...) was an American blues singer and stage actress."

Philosophers

1. Africana philosophy: "(...) is the work of philosophers of African descent and others whose work deals with the subject matter of the African diaspora."
2. Carole Boyce-Davies

Rhetors and Writers

1. Allison Joseph: "(...) is an American poet, editor and professor. She is author of six poetry collections, most recently, My Father's Kites: Poems (Steel Toe Books, 2010)."
2. Giovanni Singleton
3. Evie Shockley
4. Claudia Rankine: "(...) is a poet, essayist, playwright and the editor of several anthologies. She is the author of five volumes of poetry, two plays and various essays."
5. Toni Cade Bambara: "(...) was an African-American author, documentary film-maker, social activist and college professor."
6. Nikky Finney: "(...) is an American poet. She was the Guy Davenport Endowed Professor of English at the University of Kentucky for twenty years."
7. Joanne Gavin
8. Toi Derricotte: "(...) is an American poet and a professor of writing at University of Pittsburgh. She won a 2012 PEN/Voelcker Award for Poetry. With Cornelius Eady, she co-founded Cave Canem Foundation, a summer workshop for African-American poets."
9. Zora Neale Hurston: "(...) was an African-American novelist, short story writer, folklorist, and anthropologist. Of Hurston's four novels and more than 50 published short stories, plays, and essays, she is best known for her 1937 novel Their Eyes Were Watching God.
10. Victoria Earle Matthews: "(...) was an American author, essayist, newspaperwoman, settlement worker, and activist. She was born into slavery in Fort Valley, Georgia and, with her family, moved to New York City after emancipation. She attended school and worked as a domestic servant to help her family."
11. Clenora Hudson-Weems: "(...) is an African-American author and academic who is currently a Professor of English at the University of Missouri. She coined the term "Africana womanism" in the late 1980s."

Inventors/Scientists

1. Alexa Canady: "(...) is a retired American medical doctor specializing in neurosurgery. She was born in Lansing, Michigan and earned both her bachelors and medical degree from the University of Michigan. After completing her residency at the University of Minnesota in 1981, she became the first black person to become a neurosurgeon."
2. Mary Beatrice Davidson Kenner: "(...) was an African-American inventor most noted for her development of the sanitary belt."
3. Sarah E. Goode: "(...) was an entrepreneur and inventor. She was one of the first African-American women to receive a United States patent, which she received in 1885."
4. Mary Eliza Mahoney: "(...) was the first African American to study and work as a professionally trained nurse in the United States, graduating in 1879. Mahoney was one of the first African Americans to graduate from a nursing school, and she prospered in a predominantly white society. She also challenged discrimination against African Americans in nursing."
5. Marie Van Brittan Brown: "(...) invented the home security system (patent number 3,482,037) in 1966, along with her husband Albert Brown. Although this was not the first closed-circuit television (CCTV) system. The patent was granted in 1969. Brown was born in Queens, New York; she died there at age 76."

Genres and Companies

1. Minstrel show: "(...) The minstrel show, or minstrelsy, was an American form of entertainment developed in the 19th century. Each show consisted of comic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music. The shows were performed by white people in make-up or blackface for the purpose of playing the role of black people."
2. Race record: "(...) were 78-rpm phonograph records marketed to African Americans between the 1920s and 1940s. They primarily contained race music, comprising various African-American musical genres, including blues, jazz, and gospel music, and also comedy."
3. African-American music: "(...) is an umbrella term covering a diverse range of musics and musical genres largely developed by African Americans."
4. Okeh Records: "(...) was a record label founded by the Otto Heinemann Phonograph Corporation, a phonograph supplier established in 1916, which branched out into phonograph records in 1918."
5. The Rabbit's Foot Company: "(...) also known as the Rabbit('s) Foot Minstrels and colloquially as "The Foots", was a long-running minstrel and variety troupe that toured as a tent show in the American South between 1900 and the late 1950s."
6. Category:African-American women rappers

Fashion

1. Baby Phat: "(...) is a women's clothing and urban fashion line co-founded by Kimora Lee Simmons and her husband Russell in 1998."

Laws

1. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850: "(...) was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave-holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers."
2. Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857): "(...) was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on US labor law and constitutional law. It held that "a negro, whose ancestors were imported into [the U.S.], and sold as slaves", whether enslaved or free, could not be an American citizen and therefore had no standing to sue in federal court, and that the federal government had no power to regulate slavery in the federal territories acquired after the creation of the United States."
3. The Civil Rights Act of 1866: "(...) was the first United States federal law to define citizenship and affirm that all citizens are equally protected by the law.
4. The Civil Rights Act of 1871: "(...) also known as the Civil Rights Act of 1871, Force Act of 1871, Ku Klux Klan Act, Third Enforcement Act, or Third Ku Klux Klan Act, is an Act of the United States Congress which empowered the President to suspend the writ of habeas corpus to combat the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and other white supremacy organizations."
5. The Civil Rights Act of 1875: "(...) was a United States federal law enacted during the Reconstruction Era to guarantee African Americans equal treatment in public accommodations, public transportation, and to prohibit exclusion from jury service."
6. United States v. Harris (1883): "(...) sometimes referred to as the Ku Klux Case, was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that it was unconstitutional for the federal government to penalize crimes such as assault and murder. It declared that the local governments have the power to penalize these crimes."
7. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): "(...) was a landmark constitutional law case of the US Supreme Court. It upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal"."
8. Brown v. Board of Education (1954): "(...) was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional."
9. The Civil Rights Act of 1957: "(...) was the first federal civil rights legislation passed by the United States Congress since the Civil Rights Act of 1875. The Civil Rights Act of 1957 was also Congress's show of support for the Supreme Court's Brown decisions (...)"
10. The Civil Rights Act of 1960: "(...) was a United States federal law that established federal inspection of local voter registration polls and introduced penalties for anyone who obstructed someone's attempt to register to vote."
11. The Civil Rights Act of 1964: "(...) is a landmark civil rights and US labor law in the United States[5] that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin."
12. The Voting Rights Act of 1965: "(...) is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting."
13. Loving v. Virginia (1967): "(...) is a landmark civil rights decision of the United States Supreme Court, which invalidated laws prohibiting interracial marriage.
14. The Civil Rights Act of 1968: "(...) is a landmark part of legislation in the United States that provided for equal housing opportunities regardless of race, religion, or national origin and made it a federal crime to “by force or by threat of force, injure, intimidate, or interfere with anyone … by reason of their race, color, religion, or national origin.”"
15. The Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987: "(...) was a US legislative act that specified that recipients of federal funds must comply with civil rights laws in all areas, not just in the particular program or activity that received federal funding."
16. The Civil Rights Act of 1991: "(...) is a United States labor law, passed in response to United States Supreme Court decisions that limited the rights of employees who had sued their employers for discrimination."
17. Shelby County v. Holder (2013): "(...) is a United States Supreme Court case invalidating parts of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, specifically the method for determining which U.S. jurisdictions were subject to extra scrutiny and requirement of federal approval prior to certain electoral law changes going into effect. This had the effect, in the views of many, of effectively hamstringing enforcement of much of the Voting Rights Act more broadly."

Places

1. Christiana incident (or riot), 1851
2. Crownsville Hospital Center: "(...) is a former psychiatric hospital located in Crownsville, Maryland."
3. Cotton Club: "(...) was a New York City night club located first in the Harlem neighborhood on 142nd Street and Lenox Avenue from 1923 to 1935 and then for a brief period from 1936 to 1940 in the midtown Theater District. The club operated most notably during America's Prohibition Era. The club was a whites-only establishment even though it featured many of the most popular black entertainers of the era (...)"

Black Women's Participation in Political Organization's and Social Movements

Movements and Organizations

1. Womanism: "(...) is a social theory based on the racial and gender-based oppression of black women, and other women of marginalized groups."
2. Black Feminism: "(...) is a school of thought which argues that sexism, class oppression, gender identity and racism are inextricably bound together."
3. Harlem Renaissance: "(...) was a cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem, New York, spanning the 1920s. During the time, it was known as the "New Negro Movement," named after the 1925 anthology by Alain Locke."
4. Black Arts Movement: "(...) is the artistic outgrowth of the Black Power movement that was prominent in the 1960s and early '70s."
5. Black Panther Party and Women in the Black Panther Party: "(...) was a revolutionary black nationalist and socialist organization active in the United States from 1966 until 1982, with international chapters operating in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s, and in Algeria from 1969 until 1972. When people remember the Black Panther Party, many imagine a dominant, masculine and violent party, yet the party was two-thirds female in the 1970s."
6. African-American woman suffrage movement: "(...) As the women's suffrage movement gained popularity, African-American women were increasingly marginalized. African-American women dealt not only with the sexism of being withheld the vote but also the racism of white suffragists."
7. Young Negros' Cooperative League
8. Congress of Racial Equality: "(...) is an African-American civil rights organization in the United States that played a pivotal role for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement."
9. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee: "(...) often pronounced /ˈsnɪk/ snick) was one of the most important organizations of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s."
10. National Congress of Black Women: "(...) is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization dedicated to the educational, political, economic and cultural development of African American women and their families."

Activists

1. Frances Mary Albrier: "(...) Frances Mary Albrier (September 21, 1898, Mount Vernon, New York-August 21, 1987) was a civil rights activist and community leader."
2. Norma Elizabeth Boyd: "(...) was one of sixteen founders of Alpha Kappa Alpha, the first sorority founded by African-American women students, at Howard University."
3. Melnea Cass: "(...) was an American community and civil rights activist. She was deeply involved in many community projects and volunteer groups in the South End and Roxbury neighborhoods of Boston and helped found the Boston local of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters."
4. May Edward Chinn: "(...) was an African-American woman physician. She was the first African-American woman to graduate from Bellevue Hospital Medical College and the first African-American woman to intern at Harlem Hospital."
5. Anna J. Cooper: "(...) was an American author, educator, speaker and one of the most prominent African-American scholars in United States history."
6. Juanita Craft: "(...) was an American civil rights pioneer and member of the Dallas City Council in Texas."
7. Angela Davis: "(...) is an American political activist, academic scholar, and author. She emerged as a prominent counterculture activist and radical in the 1960s as a leader of the Communist Party USA, and had close relations with the Black Panther Party through her involvement in the Civil Rights Movement."
8. Alice Allison Dunnigan: "(...) was an African-American journalist, civil rights activist and author. She was the first African-American female correspondent to receive White House credentials, and the first black female member of the Senate and House of Representatives press galleries."
9. Georgiana Simpson: "(...) was a philologist and the first African-American woman to receive a PhD in the United States. Simpson received her doctoral degree in German from the University of Chicago in 1921."
10. Lena Frances Edwards: "(...) was a New Jersey physician who was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom."
11. Dorothy Celeste Boulding Ferebee: "(...) was an obstetrician and civil rights activist."
12. Ardie Clark Halyard: "(...) was a banker, activist and first woman president of the Milwaukee chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
13. Anna Arnold Hedgeman: "(...) was an African-American civil rights leader, politician, educator, and writer."
14. Claudia Jones: "(...) was a Trinidad-born journalist and activist. As a child she migrated with her family to the US, where she became a political activist and black nationalist through Communism, using the false name Jones as "self-protective disinformation"."
15. Letha Winston is the mother of Patrick Kimmons, a Black man killed by Portland police in 2018. She is mentioned in several Wikipedia articles, but thus far there is no article dedicated to her and her cause.

Arts Organizations and Awards

1. Cave Canem Foundation: "(...) is an American 501(c)(3) organization founded in 1996 by poets Toi Derricotte and Cornelius Eady to remedy the under-representation and isolation of African American poets in Master of Fine Arts (MFA) programs and writing workshops across the United States. It is based in Brooklyn, New York."
2. Hurston-Wright Legacy Award: "(...) is a literary award given by the Hurston/Wright Foundation. The Hurston/Wright Legacy Award is the first national award given to black American writers. The award namesakes are two of the most influential black authors, Zora Neale Hurston and Richard Wright."
3. Furious Flower Poetry Center
4. Anti-Slavery Society: "(...) was the everyday name of two different British organisations. The first was founded in 1823 and was committed to the abolition of slavery in the British Empire. Its official name was the Society for the Mitigation and Gradual Abolition of Slavery Throughout the British Dominions. This objective was substantially achieved in 1838 under the terms of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833."
5. Theatre Owners Booking Association: "(...) or T.O.B.A., was the vaudeville circuit for African American performers in the 1920s. The theaters mostly had white owners (the recently restored Morton Theater in Athens, Georgia, originally operated by "Pinky" Monroe Morton, being a notable exception) and booked jazz and blues musicians and singers, comedians, and other performers, including the classically trained, such as operatic soprano Sissieretta Jones, known as "The Black Patti", for black audiences."
6. Negro Actors Guild of America: "(...) was formed in 1936 and began operation in 1937 to create better opportunities for black actors during a period in America where the country was at a crossroads regarding how its citizens of color would be depicted in film, television and the stage. It originated in New York City, post the Great Depression during the height of the Harlem Renaissance, and the NAG sought to eliminate stereotyping of African Americans in theatrical and cinematic performances."2

Black Press

See also: African-American newspapers and Wikipedia:WikiProject Newspapers/Black owned newspapers

1. Essence Magazine: "(...) is a monthly magazine for African American women between the ages of 18 and 49. The magazine covers fashion, lifestyle and beauty, with an intimate girlfriend-to-girlfriend tone, and their slogan "Fierce, Fun, and Fabulous" suggests the magazine's goal of empowering African-American women."
2. Jet Magazine: "(...) is a digital magazine. As an American weekly marketed toward African-American readers, it was founded in 1951 by John H. Johnson of the Johnson Publishing Company in Chicago, Illinois. Initially billed as "The Weekly Negro News Magazine", Jet is notable for its role in chronicling the Civil Rights Movement from its earliest years, including coverage of the Emmett Till murder, the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and Martin Luther King Jr."
3. Right On!: "(...) was an American teen magazine first published by the Laufer Company in 1972 with editor/creator Judy Wieder and art director William Cragun. It continued publishing to c. 2011 and focused on African-American celebrities."
4. The Source: "(...) is a United States-based monthly full-color magazine covering hip-hop music, politics, and culture, founded in 1988. It is the world's longest running rap periodical, being founded as a newsletter in 1988."
5. The Colored American (Washington, D.C.): "(...) was a weekly newspaper published in Washington, D.C., from 1893 to 1904 by Edward Elder Cooper. It frequently featured the works of journalists John Edward Bruce and Richard W. Thompson."
6. Atlanta Daily World: "(...) is the oldest black newspaper in Atlanta, Georgia, founded in 1928. Currently owned by Real Times Inc., it publishes daily online and weekly in print.

It was "one of the earliest and most influential black newspapers."

1. Atlanta Inquirer
2. Atlanta Voice
3. Chattanooga News Chronicle
4. Dayton Defender
5. Houston Defender: "(...) is an African-American newspaper published weekly in Houston, Texas. The newspaper was established October 11, 1930."
6. The Washington Afro-American: "(...) is the Washington, D.C., edition of The Afro-American Newspaper."
7. The Woman's Era: "(...) was the first national newspaper published by and for African-American women. It was founded in 1894 by Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin, who served as its editor and publisher until 1897. The Woman's Era played an important role in the national African-American women's club movement."
8. Negro Affairs

Scholarly Journals

1. Callaloo (journal): "(...) is a quarterly literary magazine that was established in 1976 by Charles Rowell, who remains its editor-in-chief. It contains creative writing, visual art, and critical texts about literature and culture of the African diaspora, and is probably the longest continuously running African-American literary magazine."
2. The Journal of African American History: "(...) formerly The Journal of Negro History (1916–2001), is a quarterly academic journal covering African American life and history. It was founded in 1916 by Carter G. Woodson. The journal is published by the Association for the Study of African American Life and History and was established in 1915 by Woodson and Jesse E. Moorland."

• Spelman Alum

See also:

• WikiProject_Women_in_Red/Black_history
• WikiProject_Women_in_Red/Missing_articles_by_dictionary/Black_Women_in_America
• NYC/AfroCrowd/Schomburg_Black_Power (Click on the Task List)
• WikProject – Women artists
• WikiProject – Women in Red
• WikiProject African diaspora – Visual arts
• Category:21st-century women artists
• Wikipedia:WikiProject Women in Red/Missing articles by dictionary/Who's Who among the Colored Baptists of the United States
• Wikipedia:WikiProject Women in Red/Missing articles by dictionary/Women of distinction

Suggested Tasks

Work on improving existing articles before starting a new page.

• add wikilinks to orphaned articles to build stronger connections between articles
• clarify language and remove sexist phrasings
• add sources! If you find a good source but aren't sure how to add it into the text, include it in external resources or on the talk page for other editors to use

Social Media

For our distinctive event, we recommend the hashtags #SpelmanEditsWikipedia #blackwomenherstory, #HBCUWikipediaEditors

The Spelman College English Department will be providing updates via their Facebook and Twitter pages

Articles created/improved

Articles that participants have created or worked to improve.

Participants - Sign Up Here!

Sign-Up Here, In Advance of the Event.

List of Participants

1. JaneNova (talk) 13:15, 16 March 2022 (UTC)
2. Lordeharrietnem (talk) 19:02, 2 April 2022 (UTC)
3. Eatonfl (talk) 19:04, 2 April 2022 (UTC)
4. Shanluan (talk) 19:05, 2 April 2022 (UTC)
5. Mariama Bonner (talk) 19:04, 2 April 2022 (UTC)
6. Chloe2022 (talk) 19:05, 2 April 2022 (UTC)Chloe 2022
7. Sloejoys (talk) 19:20, 2 April 2022 (UTC)

Sponsors/Partners

This event has been organized by the Spelman English Department and AfroCROWD.