View source for boundary

==English==
{{wikipedia}}
{{wikipedia|Boundary (topology)}}

===Etymology===
From {{suffix|en|bound|ary}}, {{der|en|fro|-}}, from {{der|en|la|-}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈbaʊndɹi/|a=UK}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈbaʊndəɹi/|a=US}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-boundary.ogg|a=US}}
* {{audio|en|en-au-boundary.ogg|a=AU}}
* {{rhymes|en|aʊndɹi}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# the [[dividing]] [[line]] or [[location]] [[between]] two [[area]]s
#* {{RQ:Ferguson Zollenstein|IV|40
|passage=So this was my future home, I thought!{{...}}Backed by towering hills, the but faintly discernible purple line of the French '''boundary''' off to the southwest, a sky of palest Gobelin flecked with fat, fleecy little clouds, it in truth looked a dear little city; the city of one's dreams.}}
#* {{quote-journal
|en
|year=2017
|month=October
|author=Juin-Jen Chang; Ching-Chong Lai; Ping Wang
|title=A Tale of Two Cities: Cross-Border Casino Competition Between Detroit and Windsor
|journal=NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815230315/https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w23969/w23969.pdf
|page=1
|text=City or national '''boundaries''' are locations of economic opportunity, especially if the existence of the border is itself the source of a monopoly situation that favors one side over the other (Krakover, 1997).}}
# {{lb|en|figurative|often|in the plural}} the [[bound]]s, [[confines]], or [[limit]]s between immaterial things {{gl|such as one’s comfort zone, privacy, or professional sphere and the realm beyond}} {{attn|en|please check this definition along with the example below}}
#: {{uxi|en|I didn’t mean to push the '''boundaries''' by sending my boss a message on Saturday night.}}
# {{lb|en|cricket}} an edge or line marking an edge of the playing field
# {{lb|en|cricket}} an event whereby the ball is struck and either touches or passes over a boundary (with or without [[bounce|bouncing]]), usually resulting in an award of 4 ([[four]]) or 6 ([[six]]) [[run]]s respectively for the batting team
# {{lb|en|topology}} {{lb|en|of a set}} the set of points in the [[closure]] of a [[set]] <math>S</math>, not belonging to the [[interior]] of that set
# {{lb|en|Philippines}} [[commission]] paid by a [[bus]] or [[jeepney]] driver to a public transportation operator for taking passengers, or the [[excess]] collected [[fare]]s taken as [[daily]] [[wage]]

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|en|boundaried|transboundary|{{l|en|boundariless}}/{{l|en|boundaryless}}
|Boundary Commission
|boundary condition
|boundary corner
|Boundary County
|boundary four
|boundary group
|boundary homomorphism
|boundary line
|boundary map
|Boundary Peak
|boundary point
|boundary rider
|boundary scan
|boundary stone
|boundary term
|boundary umpire
|coboundary
|geoboundary
|grain boundary
|isoboundary
|K-T boundary
|Kootenay Boundary
|lower boundary
|missing boundary
|natural boundary
|Northwestern Boundary Dispute
|outflow boundary
|San Juan Boundary Dispute
|surface boundary layer
|upper boundary}}

====Related terms====
{{col-auto|en|bound}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|dividing line or location between two areas}}
* Arabic: {{t+|ar|حَدّ|m}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|սահման}}
* Assamese: {{t|as|সীমানা}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|мяжа́|f}}, {{t|be|грані́ца|f}}
* Bengali: {{t+|bn|সীমানা}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|гра́ница|f}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|frontera|f}}, {{t+|ca|terme|m}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|邊界|tr=biānjiè}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|hranice|f}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|grens}}
* Estonian: {{t+|et|piir}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|raja}}, {{t+|fi|reuna}}, {{t|fi|rajaviiva}}
* French: {{t+|fr|frontière|f}}, {{t+|fr|limite|f}}
* Gagauz: {{t|gag|graniţa}}, {{t|gag|граница|tr=graniţa}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|fronteira|f}}, {{t+|gl|estrema}}, {{t+|gl|linde|m}}, {{t+|gl|límite|m}}, {{t+|gl|lindeiro|m}}, {{t+|gl|derrego|m}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მიჯნა|sc=Geor}}
* German: {{t+|de|Grenze|f}}
* Gothic: {{t|got|𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|σύνορο|n}}, {{t+|el|όριο|n}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|ὅρος|m}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|גְּבוּל|tr=g'vul}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|सीमा|f}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|határ}}, {{t+|hu|mezsgye}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|confine}}, {{t+|it|limite}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|境界|tr=きょうかい, kyōkai}}, {{t+|ja|境|tr=さかい, sakai}}
* Kikuyu: {{t|ki|mũhaka|c3}}
* Kurdish:
*: Central Kurdish: {{t|ckb|سنور|alt=سِنور}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|terminus|m}}, {{t+|la|finis|m}}
* Lithuanian: {{t+|lt|riba|f}}
* Malayalam: {{t+|ml|അതിർത്തി}}, {{t+|ml|അതിര്}}
* Manchu: {{t|mnc|ᡠᠵᠠᠨ}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kotinga}}, {{t|mi|matawehe}} {{qualifier|interface where two differing media meet}}, {{t|mi|pātanga}}, {{t|mi|rohenga}}, {{t|mi|rohe tauārai}}, {{t|mi|paenga}}, {{t|mi|taupā}}, {{t|mi|tepe}}, {{t|mi|aukati}}, {{t|mi|tuakoi}}, {{t|mi|ripa}}
* Mongolian: {{t+|mn|хил|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|mn|зааг|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|mn|[[хилийн]] [[шугам]]|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|mn|[[саад]] [[тотгор]]|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|mn|тээг|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|mn|садаа|sc=Cyrl}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|grense|m|f}}, {{t|nb|avgrensing|m|f}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|grense|f}}, {{t|nn|avgrensing|f}}
* Oromo: {{t|om|daangaa}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|مرز|tr=marz}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|granica|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|fronteira|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|frontieră|f}}, {{t+|ro|graniță|f}}, {{t+|ro|limită|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|грани́ца|f}}, {{t+|ru|межа́|f}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|hranica|f}}, {{t|sk|medza|f}}
* Somali: {{t+|so|xad}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|frontera|m}}, {{t+|es|límite|m}}, {{t+|es|linde|m|f}}, {{t+|es|lindero|m}}, {{t|es|lindera|f}}
* Swahili: {{t+|sw|mpaka}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|gräns|c}}
* Tagalog: {{t+|tl|hangganan}}
* Tamil: {{t+|ta|எல்லை|sc=Taml}}
* Tyap: {{t+|kcg|gak}}
* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|кордо́н|m}}, {{t|uk|межа́|f}}, {{t|uk|грани́ця|f}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|ffin|f}}
* Zazaki: {{t|zza|sinor}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|bounds, confines, or limits between immaterial things}}
* French: {{t+|fr|limites|f-p}}
* German: {{t+|de|Grenzen|p}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|सीमा|f}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|határok|p}}, {{t+|hu|keretek|p}}
* Malayalam: {{t+|ml|അതിര്}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|границы|f-p}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|límite|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|(topology) the set of points in the closure, not belonging to the interior}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|邊界|tr=biānjiè}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|hranice|f}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|rand|c}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|rand|m}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|reuna}}
* French: {{t+|fr|frontière|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Rand|m}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|שפה|f|tr=safá}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|határ}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|jaðar|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|境界|tr=きょうかい, kyōkai|sc=Jpan}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|fines}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|brzeg|m-in}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|fronteira|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|margine|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|грани́ца|f-in}}, {{t+|ru|край|m-in}}
* Tagalog: {{t+|tl|hangganan}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|межа|f-in}}
* Vietnamese: {{t|vi|điểm biên}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* Telugu: {{t+check|te|ఎల్ల|sc=Telu}}, {{t+check|te|సరిహద్దు|sc=Telu}}
{{trans-bottom}}

====See also====
{{col-auto|en|border|confine|frontier|fladry}}

====Further reading====
* {{R:Webster 1913}}
* {{R:Century 1911}}

{{C|en|Directives}}