View source for 殺

{{also|杀}}
{{character info}}
{{character info|0xF970}}
{{character info|0xFA96}}
{{character info|0x2F8F5}}
==Translingual==
{{CJKV-forms|殺|杀|殺|殺}}

===Alternative forms===
* In {{w|traditional Chinese}} (based on the modern character forms used in {{w|zh:國字標準字體|Taiwan}} and {{w|zh:常用字字形表|Hong Kong}}), the bottom left component is {{l|mul|朮}} ({{l|mul|𣎳}} with an additional dot at its top right corner).
* In mainland China (based on the {{w|Xin Zixing}} ({{lw|zh|新字形}}) standardized character forms), the bottom left component is {{l|mul|朩}} instead which is one stroke less.
* In Korean {{w|hanja}}, the bottom left component is {{l|mul|术}}, which is also the historical form found in the {{w|Kangxi dictionary}}.
* In Japanese {{w|shinjitai}} and Vietnamese [[Nôm]], the bottom left component is {{l|mul|木}} which is one stroke less.
* Three {{w|CJK Compatibility Ideographs}} exist for this character:
** <code>U+F970</code> corresponds to the Japanese {{w|kyūjitai}} form containing {{l|mul|术}} which is similar to the historical Kangxi form.
** <code>U+FA96</code> corresponds to the alternative Korean form which is similar to the Japanese {{w|shinjitai}} form containing {{l|mul|木}}.
** <code>U+2F8F5</code> is similar to the traditional form in Taiwan but has {{l|mul|𣎳}} (without dot at top right corner) instead of {{l|mul|朮}} as its bottom left component.

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=79|rad=殳|as=07|asmj+=06|sn=11|snmj+=10|four=47947|canj=KCHNE,KDHNE|ids=⿰⿱㐅朩殳(G),⿰⿱㐅朮殳(HT),⿰⿱㐅木殳(JV,<code>U+FA96</code>),⿰⿱㐅术殳(K,<code>U+F970</code>),⿰⿱㐅𣎳殳(<code>U+2F8F5</code>)}}

====Related characters====
* {{l|mul|[[杀]]}} ''({{w|Simplified Chinese}})''

====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|摋}}, {{l|mul|𣻑}}, {{l|mul|樧}}/{{l|mul|榝}}, {{l|mul|䊛}}, {{l|mul|鎩}}, {{l|mul|蔱}}, {{l|mul|𪄅}}

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=0585.110|dkj=16638|dj=0978.050|hdz=32157.010|uh=6BBA}}
{{Han ref|uh=F970}}
{{Han ref|uh=FA96}}
{{Han ref|uh=2F8F5}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|s=杀|alt=𣏂,煞,閷,𢁛,𢽅,𢿹,𢽆,𢼡,𢿔,𢽘,𣪩,𧤿,𧜁}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
In the oracle bone script, it was an {{liushu|ic|nocap=y}} of a boar that had been impaled in the head.

In the seal script, the original compound was corrupted into {{zh-l|𣏂}} (sometimes written as {{zh-l|杀}}). It was also in the seal script that the {{Han compound|人|又|t1=person|t2=right hand|ls=p|nocap=y}}, which was later corrupted into {{zh-l|*殳|spear}} or {{zh-l|*攴}}, was added under the head of the boar to specify the killing was done by a person.

The modern-day character inherits this and can be thought of as a {{Han compound|𣏂|c1=p|殳|c2=s|t2=spear|ls=psc|nocap=yes}}.

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*g/b-sat||to kill}}; compare {{cog|bo|བསད}}, perfect of {{cog|bo|གསོད||to kill}}, {{cog|tbq-lob-pro|*C-sat||to kill}}, {{cog|sit-jap|sat||to kill}} (STEDT; {{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}}; {{zh-ref|Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019}}).

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=shā
|m-s=sa2
|dg=са1
|c=saat3
|c-t=sat1
|g=sah6
|h=pfs=sat;gd=sad5
|j=sah4
|mb=suŏi
|md=sák
|mn=ml,jj,tw:sat/ml,jj,tw:soah
|mn_note=sat - literary (“ruthless; willing to part with something”); soah - vernacular (“to butcher”)
|mn-t=suah4
|px=pt,xy:sah6
|w=sh:7saq
|x=sa6
|mc=2
|oc=1,2
|cat=v
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{lb|zh|transitive}} to [[kill]]; to [[murder]]
#: {{zh-x|我 殺 咗 隻 烏蠅{jing4-1}。|I '''killed''' a fly.|C}}
# to [[ruin]]; to [[harm]]
# to [[fight]]
#: {{zh-co|殺 出 一 條 血路|}}
# {{lb|zh|dialectal|transitive}} to [[cut]]; to [[slice]] (fruit, food)
#: {{zh-x|殺 西瓜|to [[cut]] a watermelon}}
# {{lb|zh|transitive}} to [[abate]]; to [[reduce]]
#: {{zh-x|殺價|to bargain}}
# {{lb|zh|regional|colloquial}} to [[sting]]
# {{lb|zh|chess}} to [[mate]]; {{zh-short-comp|將殺|nocap=1|nodot=1}} ("to [[checkmate]]")
# {{lb|zh|Hokkien}} [[ruthless]]; [[ferocious]]; [[fierce]]
# {{lb|zh|Hokkien}} to [[butcher]], especially by [[use|using]] a [[blade]] to [[drain]] its [[blood]] to [[death]] {{gl|of animals}}
#: {{zh-x|殺{soah} 雞{koe}|to butcher a chicken by draining its blood with a knife|MN}}
# {{lb|zh|Taiwan Hokkien}} [[willing]] to [[part]] with something

=====Usage notes=====
* Normally, the subject of {{lang|zh|殺}} should be [[animate]]. The sentence "A tiger killed many people." can be validly translated as {{lang|zh|老虎殺死數人}}, while the sentence "This accident killed many people." is seldom translated as *{{lang|zh|這次事故殺死數人}}. For death caused by non-living things, split forms of {{zh-l|致死}} are often used instead:
*: {{zh-x|這 次 事故 '''致''' 數 人 '''死亡'''。|This accident '''caused''' many people's '''deaths'''.}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{s|to kill}}
{{syn-saurus|zh|殺死}}
{{zh-dial}}
{{zh-dial|宰}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|凶殺|不教而殺|一概抹殺|六殺|慈悲殺人|以殺去殺|妨殺|喊殺|慢性自殺|劫殺|切腹自殺|忒殺|刺殺|宰殺|惡支殺|他殺|天生天殺|卸磨殺驢|一筆抹殺|大殺風景|低溫殺菌|凶殺案|以殺止殺|屠殺|好生惡殺|嚴殺|喊殺連天|封殺|情殺|射殺|姦殺|夾殺|天殺的|合殺|大殺|大屠殺|坑殺|仇殺|勝殘去殺|廝殺|嗜殺成性|剿殺|去殺勝殘|借刀殺人|借劍殺人|殺掠|溷殺|扼殺|殺死|殺氣|格殺|掩殺|殺家達子|殺人償命|殺雞為黍|殺價|收殺|殺人放火|掠殺|殺風景|斫殺|殺人如蓺|殺機|殺身成義|殺坯|殺蟲器|殺生之權|打殺|毒殺|殺雞炊黍|毀車殺馬|殺出重圍|殺人如麻|止殺|殺傷力|抹殺|殺馬毀車|殺傷|殺人罪|畏罪自殺|斬刈殺伐|濫殺無辜|殺伐|接殺|殺雞取卵|搏殺|殺才|殺氣騰騰|捕殺|殺身成名|生殺之權|殺伐決斷|殺妻求將|殺人盈野|曾子殺彘|殘殺|槍殺|殺戮|打打殺殺|暗殺|殺身救國|殺彘教子|殺人滅跡|殺頭|殺青|殺菌|殺生之柄|殺身報國|殺一儆百|殺菌劑|獵殺|牲殺|撲殺|殺身為報|殺害|殺敵致果|氣殺鍾馗|抄殺|打魚殺家|殺一利百|故殺|殺人犯|生殺與奪|生殺大權|生殺予奪|殺身|殺戒|殺身出生|狙殺|按殺|淹殺|殺雞儆猴|殺身之禍|殺威風|殺人越貨|拉殺|殺生與奪|殺口甜|砍殺|殺雞駭猴|殺雞扯脖|殺生|爛殺|拋閃殺人|捐殘去殺|曾參殺人|沒亂殺|殺人如草|殺狗勸夫|殺蟲劑|殺聲震天|殺狗記|殺手鐧|殺手|殺性子|殺威棒|殺千刀|殺剁|殺人如芥|格殺勿論|破殺殺|殺身成仁|春生秋殺|斬盡殺絕|殺人滅口|逼殺|過失殺人|義刑義殺|觸殺|絞殺|誤殺|虐殺|藥殺|誘殺|通殺|衝殺|馬殺雞|荊劉拜殺|躁殺|肅殺|雙殺|覆軍殺將|誅殺|苦殺|鴆殺|追殺|謀殺|趕盡殺絕|誅盡殺絕|虧殺|自相殘殺|自殺|捧殺|殺校|劇本殺|嚇殺|嚇殺人|嚇殺人香|滅殺}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{och-l|衰|to diminish; to decay}} + final ''*-t'' ({{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}}).

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=殺
|c=saai3
|h=
|md=sái
|mn=
|w=
|dial=n
|mc=1
|oc=2,1
|cat=v
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-obsolete}} to [[pare]] off; to [[diminish]]; to [[reduce]]; to [[clip]]
#* {{zh-x|隆殺 之 義 辨 矣。|The principle of increase and dimunution (of sumptuary allowances) is defined.|CL|ref=Xunzi}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|幽殺|不殺|不豐不殺|噍殺|殺衣縮食|豐殺}}

===Etymology 3===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=sà
|dial=n
|cat=a,v
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-obsolete}} [[dark]]
# {{alt form|zh|𥻦|t=to spread; to exile}}

===Etymology 4===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=xiè
|dial=n
|cat=a
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only|蹩殺}}

===Etymology 5===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=shì
|dial=n
|cat=v
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only|降殺}}

===Etymology 6===
{{zh-see|弒|v}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

{{cat|cmn|Elementary Mandarin}}
{{C|zh|Death}}

==Japanese==
{{ja-kanji forms-IVS
|code=F970
|svs=0
|vs1=00
|vs2=03
|col-vs1=aj
|col-vs2=hdmj
|pic-kyu=Uf970.svg
|ref={{R:Kanjipedia|0002596600}}
|ref2={{R:ja:KDJ|1220|661}}
}}

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=4|kyu=&#xF970;|rs=殳07}}

# to [[kill]]

====Readings====
From {{der|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|殺|id=2}}:
{{ja-readings
|goon=せち, せつ
|kanon=さつ
}}
From {{der|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|殺|id=1}}:
{{ja-readings
|goon=せい
|kanon=さい
|kanyoon=さつ
}}
From native {{w|Japanese_language|Japanese}} roots:
{{ja-readings
|kun=ころ-す, あや-める, そ-ぐ, へ-らす
}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
* {{ja-r|暗%殺|あん%さつ|[[assassination]]}}
* {{ja-r|縊%殺|い%さつ|[[strangling]] to death}}
* {{ja-r|虐%殺|ぎゃく%さつ|massacre}}
* {{ja-r|殺%害|さつ%がい|murder}}
* {{ja-r|殺%人|さつ%じん|murder, homicide}}
* {{ja-r|殺%伐|さつ%ばつ}}
* {{ja-r|殺%戮|さつ%りく}}
* {{ja-r|殺%気|さっ%き|bloodlust|lit=killing spirit}}
* {{ja-r|殺%菌|さっ%きん|sterilization}}
* {{ja-r|殺%傷|さっ%しょう|violence, bloodshed}}
* {{ja-r|殺%虫%剤|さっ%ちゅう%ざい|[[insecticide]]}}
* {{ja-r|殺%到|さっ%とう|rush, flood (of people, letters, phone calls etc.)}}
* {{ja-r|殺%風%景|さっ%ぷう%けい|bleak, barren|lit=killing the scenery}}
* {{ja-r|刺%殺|し%さつ}}
* {{ja-r|自%殺|じ%さつ|[[suicide]]}}
* {{ja-r|殺%生|せっ%しょう}}
* {{ja-r|相%殺|そう%さい|cancelling out, offsetting}}
* {{ja-r|他%殺|た%さつ|murder}}
* {{ja-r|殺陣|たて|[[stage combat]]}}
* {{ja-r|人%殺し|ひと%ごろし|murderer}}
* {{ja-r|必%殺|ひっ%さつ}}
* {{ja-r|併%殺|へい%さつ|[[double play]]}}
* {{ja-r|抹%殺|まっ%さつ|erasure; denial}}
* {{ja-r|滅%殺|めっ%さつ|annihilation; eradication; obliteration}}
* {{ja-r|黙%殺|もく%さつ|ignoring|lit=killing with silence}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
<references/>

==Korean==

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|殺|id=2}}.

{{collapse|
* {{hanja-dongguk|사ᇙ〮|sálq}}
* {{hanja-hunmong|살〮|sál|雜語#하12A}}
|Historical readings
|bg=#FFFFFF}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|살}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|죽이다|죽일|살}}

# {{hanja form of|살|to [[kill]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|교살|絞殺}}
* {{ko-l|말살|抹殺}}
* {{ko-l|몰살|沒殺}}
* {{ko-l|박살|搏殺}}
* {{ko-l|사살|射殺}}
* {{ko-l|살상|殺傷}}
* {{ko-l|살충|殺蟲}}
* {{ko-l|살해|殺害}}
* {{ko-l|자살|自殺}}
* {{ko-l|총살|銃殺}}
* {{ko-l|척살|刺殺}}
* {{ko-l|타살|他殺}}
* {{ko-l|피살|被殺}}
* {{ko-l|살의|殺意}}
* {{ko-l|묵살|默殺}}
* {{ko-l|독살|毒殺}}
* {{ko-l|살생|殺生}}
* {{ko-l|학살|[[massacre]]; [[slaughter]]|虐殺}}
* {{ko-l|도살|[[slaughter]] {{gl|of animals}}|屠殺}}
* {{ko-l|살균|[[sterilization]]|殺菌}}
* {{ko-l|살인|[[murder]]; [[killing]]; [[homicide]]|殺人}}
* {{ko-l|암살|[[assassination]]|暗殺}}
* {{ko-l|피살|being [[killed]]|被殺}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|殺|id=1}}.

{{collapse|
* {{hanja-dongguk|생〮|sáy}}
|Historical readings
|bg=#FFFFFF}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|쇄|l=y}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja|감하다|감할|쇄}}

# {{hanja form of|쇄|to [[pare]] off; to [[diminish]]; to [[reduce]]; to [[clip]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
* {{ko-l|뇌쇄|惱殺}}
* {{ko-l|감쇄|減殺}}
* {{ko-l|쇄도|a [[rush]]|殺到}}
* {{ko-l|상쇄|[[counteraction]]; [[neutralization]]; [[offsetting]]|相殺}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|5684}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|reading=sát, sái, sít, sịt, sướt, sét, sượt|rs=殳07}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=殳07}}