View source for 給

{{also|给}}
{{character info}}
==Translingual==

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=120|rad=糸|as=06|sn=12|four=28961|canj=VFOMR|ids=⿰糹合}}

====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|[[𠎨]], [[𢵰]]}}

====Related characters====
* {{l|mul|[[给]]}} ''({{w|Simplified Chinese}})''

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=0923.060|dkj=27432|dj=1357.180|hdz=53394.110|uh=7D66}}

==Chinese==

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|糸|合|ls=psc|c1=s|c2=p}}.

===Etymology 1===
{{zh-forms|s=给}}
{{zh-ref|Starostin}} reconstructs {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*qǝ̆p||to give; to supply}}, comparing it to {{cog|my|အပ်|tr=ap|t=to commit; to deliver; to hand over}}, {{cog|kac|ap||to hand over}}, {{cog|lep|ᰀᰤᰬᰱ|tr=kjep|t=to add to; to multiply}}, {{m|lep|ᰃᰤᰱ|tr=gjap|t=many}}.

In Mandarin, Jin and Xiang, pronunciations 1 and 2 are generally thought of as {{w|Literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters|colloquial and literary readings}} respectively, from the same {{inh|zh|ltc|-}} etymon ({{zh-ref|Zhengzhang, 2002}}; {{zh-ref|Liu, 2021}}; among others). Pronunciation 2, the literary reading, is a regular reflex from {{inh|zh|ltc|-}}. However, since pronunciation 1 is highly irregular, others have proposed alternative etymologies for it:
* From the contraction of {{ltc-l|過與|to pass to|id=2,2}} ({{zh-ref|Ikeda, 1962}}; {{zh-ref|Hirayama, 2000, 2010}}; {{zh-ref|Wang, 2022}});
* From {{ltc-l|乞|to give}} ({{zh-ref|Zhang, 1989}}); and
* From {{ltc-l|饋|to gift}} ({{zh-ref|Shimura, 1995}}).

====Pronunciation 1====
{{zh-pron
|m=gěi,1nb=colloquial
|m-s=ge1
|m-s_note=colloquial
|m-nj=gǐ/gěi
|m-nj_note=gǐ - colloquial; gěi - literary
|dg=ги2
|c=kap1
|c-t=kip2
|g=ji3
|h=pfs=kip;gd=gib5
|j=gei2
|j_note=colloquial
|mb=gĭ
|md=gék
|mn=kip
|mn-t=gib4
|w=sh,sz:7ciq
|x=ge3
|x_note=colloquial
|mc=y
|oc=y
|ma=y
|cat=v,prep
}}

=====Definitions=====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# to [[give]]
#: {{zh-x|給 你 一個 吻|'''give''' you a kiss}}
# [[for]]; for the benefit of
#: {{zh-x|我 給 你 按摩 吧。|Let me do a massage '''for''' you.}}
# [[to]]; [[with]] {{gloss|following verbs to indicate the handing over or passing of something}}
#: {{zh-x|這裡 有 我 一直 想 說 給 你 聽 的 話。|Here are the words I've always wanted to say '''to''' you.}}
# [[to]] {{gloss|introduce recipient of an action}}
#: {{zh-x|給 他 道歉！|Apologise '''to''' him!}}
# [[by]] {{gloss|marker of passive voice}}
#: {{zh-x|我們 都 給 人 騙 了。|We all '''got''' fool'''ed'''.}}
# {{n-g|Used in the form of {{zh-l|給[[我]]}} in imperative sentences for emphasis.}}
#: {{zh-x|你 給 我 閉嘴！|Shut '''the heck''' up!}}
#: {{zh-x|你 給 我 吃！|tr=Lǐ gǐ ǒ chii̊q!|Eat '''the heck''' up!|M-NJ}}
# {{n-g|Used before a verb for emphasis of [[affectedness]].}}
#: {{zh-x|行李{li} 讓 雨 給 淋{lín}濕 了。|The luggage was soaked by rain.}}
#: {{zh-x|我 把 椅子{zi} 給 移開 了。|I moved the chair away.}}
# {{lb|zh|dialectal Mandarin|Jin}} [[and]]

======Synonyms======
{{zh-dial}}
{{zh-dial|替}}
{{zh-dial|被}}
{{zh-dial|給-2}}
{{zh-dial|和}}

=====Compounds=====
{{col3|zh|付給|呈給|撥給|發給|白給|給以顏色|給價|給以|給臉|給我記住}}

====Pronunciation 2====
{{zh-pron
|m=jǐ,1nb=literary
|m-s=jie2
|m-s_note=literary
|m-nj=gǐ/gěi
|m-nj_note=gǐ - colloquial; gěi - literary
|dg=
|c=kap1
|c-t=kip2
|g=ji3
|h=pfs=kip;gd=gib5
|j=jieh4
|j_note=literary
|mb=gĭ
|md=gék
|mn=kip
|mn-t=gib4
|w=sh:7ciq
|x=ji6
|x_note=literary
|mc=y
|oc=y
|ma=y
|cat=v,n,pn
}}

=====Definitions=====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# to [[supply]]; to [[provide]]
#: {{zh-x|給{jǐ}予|to provide; to give}}
# to [[grant]]; to [[bestow]]
# [[salary]]; [[pay]]
# [[abundant]]; [[plenty]]
# [[nimble]]; [[quick]]
# {{surname|zh}}

=====Compounds=====
{{col3|zh|供給|仰給於人|加給|取給|仰給|家給民足|家給人足|慧給|周給|俸給|口才辨給|恩給制|家給|家給戶贍|人給家足|不能自給|口齒便給|不給|保險給付|口給|利口捷給|公共給水|女給|傭給|死亡給付|日給|戶給人足|捷給|有給職|目不給視|無給職|現金給付|月給|目不暇給|日不暇給|敏給|給事中|虛給|補給|辯給|辭給|給與|補給線|給散|配給票|辨給|給養|給付|齊給|自給|給水|薪給|給假|給使|給足|自給自足|補給品|賑給|醫療給付|配給品|配給制度|配給|請給|補給證|給予|饔飧不給}}

===Etymology 2===
{{zh-forms|s=给}}

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|mn=hō͘
|cat=v
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{lb|zh|Hokkien}} {{alt form|zh|予|t=hō͘}}
#* {{zh-x|你 給{hō͘} 阮{gún} 甜蜜 的 青春|You '''gave''' me a sweet youth|TW|ref='''2007''', {{lw|zh|陳雷}} and {{lw|zh|謝婷婷}}, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1M9NHlfQXRo {{lang|zh|情深愛也深}}]}}

{{cat|cmn|Beginning Mandarin}}

==Japanese==

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=4|rs=糸06}}

# {{rfdef|ja|sort=糸06}}

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=こう<こふ
|kanon=きゅう<きふ
|on=きょう<けふ
|kun=たま-う<たま-ふ, たま-え<たま-へ, たも-う<たま-ふ
|nanori=きい
}}

====Compounds====
* {{ja-r|給料|きゅうりょう}}: [[salary]]
* {{ja-r|供給|きょうきゅう}}: [[supply]], [[provision]]

==Korean==

===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja|넉넉하다|넉넉할|급}}

# {{hanja form of|급|[[give]]}}
# {{hanja form of|급|[[by]], [[for]]}}

==Vietnamese==

===Chữ Hán===
{{vi-readings|reading=cấp, góp, cắp, cóp, cướp|rs=糸06}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=糸06}}

====References====
* [http://nomfoundation.org/common/nom_details.php?codepoint=7D66 Nom Foundation]