View source for 針

{{also|针}}
{{character info}}
==Translingual==

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=167|rad=金|as=02|sn=10|four=84100|canj=CJ|ids=⿰釒十}}

====Derived characters====
*{{l|mul|[[𭿒]], [[𢲥]], [[𰦈]], [[𢟙]], [[𣻁]], [[𫃋]], [[𢔿]], [[𫠍]], [[𣗒]]}}

====References====
* {{Han ref|kx=1296.090|dkj=40165|dj=1799.120|hdz=64168.050|uh=91DD|ud=37341|bh=B077|bd=45175}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|s=针|t2=鍼|s2=𰾗|note=usage of 𰾗 in Simplified Chinese is limited to personal names.}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|ls=psc|金|c1=s|t1=metal|alt1=釒|十|c2=p}}.

===Etymology===
From {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*k-ra(p/m)||needle}}; compare {{cog|bo|ཁབ}}, {{cog|my|အပ်}} (STEDT; {{zh-ref|Hill, 2017}}). See also {{och-l|簪|hairpin}}, {{och-l|譖|to accuse, slander}} (STEDT).

===Pronunciation===
{{zh-pron
|m=zhēn
|m-s=zen1
|dg=җын1
|c=zam1
|c-dg=zam1
|c-t=zim1
|g=ziin1
|h=pfs=chṳ̂m;hrs=h:zhimˋ;gd=zem1
|j=zeng1
|mb=céng
|md=cĕng
|mn=xm,zz,zp,ct,ly,tp,kh,tn,yl,hc,tc,sg,kl:chiam/qz,jj,na,ha,yc,lk,sx,km,mg,hc,kl:cham/xm,zz,ct,tw:chim/qz,na,yc,yc:cherm/ha:chem
|mn_note=chiam/cham - vernacular; chim/cherm/chem - literary
|mn-t=zam1/zang1
|mn-t_note=zam1 - General Teochew; zang1 - Chaozhou
|mn-l=jiam1
|px=pt,xy:zieng1
|sp=zam1
|w=sh:1tsen
|x=zhen1
|x-l=din1/jin1
|x-h=jin1
|mc=y
|oc=y
|cat=n,v,cls
}}

===Definitions===
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{lb|zh|countable}} [[needle]] {{zh-mw|m:根|m:枚|c,mn:枝|c:眼}}
#: {{zh-alt-inline|箴}}
# [[needle]]-like object; [[pin]]; [[brooch]]; [[hand]] (of a clock or watch); [[tack]]
#: {{zh-co|時針|hour hand}}
#: {{zh-co|指南針|compass}}
# [[injection]]
#: {{zh-co|打針|to give or receive an injection}}
#: {{zh-co|防疫針|vaccination}}
#: {{zh-co|流感 針|flu '''shot'''|C}}
#: {{zh-co|荷{ho6}爾蒙 針|hormone '''injection'''|C}}
# [[acupuncture]]
# to [[poke]]; to [[sting]]
# {{lb|zh|Cantonese}} to [[pick on]]; to [[aim]] at someone [[personally]]
# {{lb|zh|Cantonese}} [[spy]]; [[informer]]; [[probe]] {{zh-mw|c:條}}
# {{zh-classifier|the number of injections}}
# {{zh-classifier|the number of stitches}}

===Compounds===
{{col3|zh|一針見血|丟巧針|九針|亂針繡|倒扣針兒|做針線|刀割針扎|分針|別針|唱針|啄針兒|嗎啡針|大政方針|大海撈針|大頭針|太乙神針|如坐針氈|對針|小針美容|平針縫|引線穿針|張飛穿針|強心針|弼針|彈針|懸針|懸針垂露|扎針|打針|披針形葉|抵針|拈針指|指北針|指南針|指針|捻針|搖針|搗針|撞針|擺針|敹一針|方針|時針|暈針|有針線|東海撈針|松針|枝針|棒針|棒針衫|棘針|棘針科|棘針門|步線行針|毫針|水底撈針|海底撈針|燔針|短針|針墊|石針|磁針|磨杵成針|磨針溪|磨鐵成針|秒針|秧針|穿針引線|細針密縷|絞包針|綿裡針|縫針補線|繃針|繡花針|繡針|羅盤針|耳針|胸針|花兒針|茅針|藏針縫|蛇口蜂針|蠻針瞎灸|行針步線|補針|見縫插針|討針線|迴紋針|退針|避雷針|金針|金針度人|金針花|金針菇|金針菜|釘書針|針劑|針孔|針孔現象|針對|針尖兒|針工|針形葉|針指|針挑刀挖|針氈|針法|針灸|針灸銅人|針灸麻醉|針眼|針砭|針神|針筆|針筆匠|針筒|針箍|針線|針線娘|針線扁|針線盒|針織|針織品|針腳|針芥相投|針葉林|針葉樹|針針見血|針鋒|針鋒相對|針鋒相投|針鋩|針關|針頭|針頭線腦|針餌莫減|針黹|針黹紡績|針鼹|針鼻兒|鉤針|錶針|鍉針|鐵杵磨針|長針|電針|電針麻醉|頂針|頂針捱住|頂門針|預防針|飛針走線|鬼針草|鹽水針|齧蘗吞針|插針都插唔入}}

===Descendants===
{{CJKV|||침|châm}}
''Others'':
* {{desc|pcc|jiml|t=needle|bor=1}}
* {{desc|hmx-mie-pro|*simᴬ|t=needle|bor=1}}
* {{desctree|bor=1|tai-pro|*qemᴬ|t=needle}}
* {{desc|mkh-vie-pro|*kiːm|bor=1}}
** {{desctree|mkh-mvi|kim}}
** {{desc|mtq|kim}}
* {{desc|vi|găm|bor=1}}
* {{desc|za|cim|t=needle|bor=1}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

{{cat|cmn|Elementary Mandarin}}

==Japanese==

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=6|rs=金02}}

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=しん<しん<しむ
|kanon=しん<しん<しむ
|kun=はり-, さ-す, ぬ-う<ぬ-ふ
}}

====Compounds====
{{top2}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|針魚|サヨリ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針孔|みず|rom=-}}, {{ja-r/args|針眼|みず}}
* {{ja-r/args|針孔|みぞ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針孔|めど}}
}}
{{bottom}}

===Etymology 1===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|はり|alt=鉤,鈎}}
{{wp|lang=ja}}
{{wp|Sewing needle}}
{{IPAchar|⟨pari⟩}} → {{IPAchar|/ɸaɾi/}} → {{IPAchar|/haɾi/}}

From {{inh|ja|ojp|針|tr=pari}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|はり|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR,NHK}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|はり}}

# a [[sewing]] [[needle]]
# a [[sewing]] [[pin]] 
# {{n-g|any [[slender]], [[pointed]] [[object]] [[resemble|resembling]] or similar in use to a needle:}}
## a [[phonograph]] needle {{gl|in [[record player]]s}}
##* {{quote-journal|ja|date=1935 March 13|journal={{l|ja||日伯新聞|tr=Nippaku Shinbun}}|trans-journal=Nippo-Brazilian Newspaper|url=http://rakusai.nichibun.ac.jp/hoji/contents/NippakShimbun/PDF/1935/03/19350313npa10.pdf|issue=926|page=1}}
##*: {{ja-usex|[[蓄%音%器]]は[[w:ja:日本コロムビア|コロムビア]]！[[レコード]]もコロムビア！'''針'''も[[勿%論]]コロムビア！|^ちく%おん%き は ^コロムビア！^レコード も ^コロムビア！'''^はり''' も もち%ろん ^コロムビア！|If it's a record player, choose {{w|Nippon Columbia|Columbia}}! If it's records, choose Columbia! And if it's needles, of course, choose Columbia!}}
## a needle used in [[medical]] [[injection]]s
## a [[knitting needle]]
## a [[stinger]] {{gl|in [[insect]]s}}
## a [[staple#Etymology 2|staple]] {{gl|[[wire]] [[fastener]]}}
##* {{quote-song|ja|year=2009|lyricist=[[w:ja:稲葉エミ|Emi Inaba]]|composer=[[w:ja:藤末樹|Miki Fujisue]]|title=ja:わたしの恋はホッチキス|trans-title=My Love is a Stapler|album=[[w:ja:放課後ティータイム (アルバム)|Hōkago Tea Time]]|url=|artist=[[w:ja:放課後ティータイム|Hōkago Tea Time]]}}
##*: {{ja-usex|[[はじまり]]だけは　[[軽い]][[ノリ]]で　[[しらないうちに]]　[[あつい|あつ]]くなって　[[もう]]'''針'''が[[なんだか]][[通る|通ら]]ない|はじまり だけ は　かるい ノリ で　しらない うち に　あつくなって　もう '''はり''' が なんだか とおらない|At first I started lightly, but before I knew it, it got so thick the '''staples''' won't go through anymore}}
## {{lb|ja|sort=はり|botany}} a [[thorn]]
## {{lb|ja|sort=はり|fishing}} a [[hook]], [[fishhook]]
# {{lb|ja|by extension}} a [[hand]] or [[pointer]] {{gl|in [[clock]]s, [[watch]]es, [[meter]]s, [[compass]]es, etc.}}
#: {{ja-usex|[[時%計]]の'''針'''は３%時を[[指す|指し]]ています。|と%けい の '''はり''' は さん%-じ を さしています。|The clock's '''hand''' is pointing to 3 o'clock.}}
# [[embroidery]], [[needlework]]
# {{lb|ja|sort=はり|figurative}} [[malice]]

=====Derived terms=====
{{top4}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|お針|おはり}}
* {{ja-r/args|鍼|はり|[[acupuncture]] needle}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%医|はり%い}}
* {{ja-r/args|針金雀児|ハリエニシダ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針槐|ハリエンジュ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%魚|はり%お}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%金|はり%がね}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%子|はり%こ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%刺し|はり%さし}}
* {{ja-r/args|針 仕%事|はり し%ごと}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%千%本|ハリ%セン%ボン|[[porcupinefish]]}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%鼠|ハリ%ネズミ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針の穴|はり の あな}}
* {{ja-r/args|針の筵|はり の むしろ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針 坊%主|はり ぼう%ず}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%孔|はり%めど}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%土竜|ハリ%モグラ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針樅|ハリモミ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%魚|ハリ%ヨ}}
* {{ja-r/args|編み針|あみばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|網結針|あみすきばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|置き針|おきばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|返し針|かえしばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|鉤%針|かぎ%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|隠し針|かくしばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|掛け針|かけばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|蚊%針|か%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|革%針|かわ%ばり|rom=-}}, {{ja-r/args|皮%針|かわ%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|擬%餌%針|ぎ%じ%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|絹%針|きぬ%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|絎%針|くけ%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|毛%針|け%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|小%町%針|こ%まち%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|仕%付け針|し%つけばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|千%人%針|せん%にん%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|空%針|そら%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|畳%針|たたみ%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|注%射%針|ちゅう%しゃ%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|釣り針|つりばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|綴じ針|とじばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|留め針|とめばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|縫い針|ぬいはり}}, {{ja-r/args|縫い針|ぬいばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|刃%針|は%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|平%針|ひら%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|棒%針|ぼう%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|帽%子%針|ぼう%し%ばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|待ち針|まちばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|メリケン針|メリケンばり}}
* {{ja-r/args|木%綿%針|も%めん%ばり}}
}}
{{bottom}}

=====Idioms=====
* {{ja-r|針を含む|はり を ふくむ}}

=====Proverbs=====
{{top3}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|針の先で突いた程|はり の さき で ついた ほど}}
* {{ja-r/args|針ほどのことを棒ほどに言う|はり ほど の こと を ぼう ほど に いう}}
* {{ja-r/args|針を蔵に積みても溜らぬ|はり を くら につみて も たまらぬ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針を立つる土地%無し|はり を たつる とち% なし}}
* {{ja-r/args|針を以て地を刺す|はり を もって ち を さす}}
}}
{{bottom}}

====Counter====
{{ja-pos|counter|はり}}

# {{n-g|counter for [[stitch]]es}}

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|はり}}

# {{n-g|a [[placename]]}}
# {{surname|ja|sort=はり}}

===Etymology 2===
{{IPAchar|/ɕim/}} → {{IPAchar|/ɕimʉ/}} → {{IPAchar|/ɕiɴ/}}

From {{der|ja|ltc|sort=しん|-}} {{ltc-l|針}}.

====Affix====
{{ja-pos|affix|しん}}

# [[sewing]] [[needle]]
# {{alt sp|ja|鍼|tr=shin}}: [[acupuncture]]
# [[pointed]] [[beam]]

=====Derived terms=====
{{top3}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|針%医|しん%い}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%灸|しん%きゅう}}
* {{ja-r/args|鍼%治|しん%じ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%術|しん%じゅつ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%小%棒%大|しん%しょう%ぼう%だい}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%布|しん%ぷ}}
* {{ja-r/args|針%路|しん%ろ}}
* {{ja-r/args|運%針|うん%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|検%針|けん%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|指%針|し%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|時%針|じ%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|磁%針|じ%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|短%針|たん%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|長%針|ちょう%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|秒%針|びょう%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|避%雷%針|ひ%らい%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|分%針|ふん%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|方%針|ほう%しん}}
* {{ja-r/args|羅%針|ら%しん}}
}}
{{bottom}}

=====Idioms=====
* {{ja-r|頂%門の一%針|ちょう%もん の いっ%しん}}

===References===
<references/>

{{C|ja|Clocks|sort=はり}}

==Korean==

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=침|-}} {{ltc-l|針|id=1}}.
{{hanja-ety
|dk={{okm-l|짐|cìm}}
|m={{okm-l|침|chìm}}
|mh={{okm-l|바ᄂᆞᆯ〮|pànól}}
|ml=器皿#중14A
}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|침}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|바늘|침}}

# {{hanja form of|침|[[needle]] {{gl|used in sewing}}|noun}}
# {{hanja form of|침|[[needle]]-like object {{gl|any slender, pointy object resembling a needle}}|noun}}
# {{alt form|ko|鍼||{{hanja form of|침|[[needle]] {{gl|used in acupuncture}}}}}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top4|Compounds}}
{{ko-l/multi|data=
* {{ko-l/args|침단|針端}}
* {{ko-l/args|침로|針路}}
* {{ko-l/args|침반|針盤}}
* {{ko-l/args|침봉|針峯}}
* {{ko-l/args|침상|針狀}}
* {{ko-l/args|침압|針壓}}
* {{ko-l/args|침엽|針葉}}
* {{ko-l/args|침음|針音}}
* {{ko-l/args|침정|針晶}}
* {{ko-l/args|침통|針筒}}
* {{ko-l/args|침판|針板}}
* {{ko-l/args|침포|針布}}
* {{ko-l/args|침활|針闊}}
* {{ko-l/args|검침|檢針}}
* {{ko-l/args|격침|擊針}}
* {{ko-l/args|경침|莖針}}
* {{ko-l/args|곡침|曲針}}
* {{ko-l/args|골침|骨針}}
* {{ko-l/args|구침|晷針}}
* {{ko-l/args|구침|鉤針}}
* {{ko-l/args|극침|棘針}}
* {{ko-l/args|금침|金針}}
* {{ko-l/args|단침|短針}}
* {{ko-l/args|대침|大針}}
* {{ko-l/args|독침|毒針}}
* {{ko-l/args|망침|網針}}
* {{ko-l/args|목침|木針}}
* {{ko-l/args|방침|方針}}
* {{ko-l/args|변침|變針}}
* {{ko-l/args|봉침|蜂針}}
* {{ko-l/args|분침|分針}}
* {{ko-l/args|방침|方針}}
* {{ko-l/args|상침|上針}}
* {{ko-l/args|선침|選針}}
* {{ko-l/args|세침|細針}}
* {{ko-l/args|소침|小針}}
* {{ko-l/args|송침|松針}}
* {{ko-l/args|수침|繡針}}
* {{ko-l/args|시침|時針}}
* {{ko-l/args|안침|按針}}
* {{ko-l/args|엽침|葉針}}
* {{ko-l/args|영침|影針}}
* {{ko-l/args|유침|留針}}
* {{ko-l/args|자침|刺針}}
* {{ko-l/args|자침|磁針}}
* {{ko-l/args|장침|長針}}
* {{ko-l/args|정침|定針}}
* {{ko-l/args|조침|釣針}}
* {{ko-l/args|죽침|竹針}}
* {{ko-l/args|지침|指針}}
* {{ko-l/args|철침|鐵針}}
* {{ko-l/args|초침|秒針}}
* {{ko-l/args|촉침|觸針}}
* {{ko-l/args|탐침|探針}}
* {{ko-l/args|현침|懸針}}
* {{ko-l/args|침엽수|針葉樹}}
* {{ko-l/args|나침반|羅針盤}}
* {{ko-l/args|나침의|羅針儀}}
* {{ko-l/args|지남침|指南針}}
* {{ko-l/args|피뢰침|避雷針}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{der|ko|ltc|sort=침|-}} {{ltc-l|針|id=2}}.
{{hanja-ety
|dk={{okm-l|짐〮|cím}}
}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|침|l=y}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja|바느질하다|바느질할|침}}

# {{hanja form of|침|[[sew]]ing; [[needlework]]|affix}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top4|Compounds}}
{{ko-l/multi|data=
* {{ko-l/args|침공|針工}}
* {{ko-l/args|침공|針孔}}
* {{ko-l/args|침녀|針女}}
* {{ko-l/args|침모|針母}}
* {{ko-l/args|침방|針房}}
* {{ko-l/args|침사|針絲}}
* {{ko-l/args|침선|針線}}
* {{ko-l/args|침선|針膳}}
* {{ko-l/args|침재|針才}}
* {{ko-l/args|침척|針尺}}
* {{ko-l/args|침자|針刺}}
* {{ko-l/args|침소봉대|針小棒大}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|12985}}

==Miyako==

===Kanji===
{{mvi-kanji}}

====Readings====
{{mvi-readings|kun=ぱイ゚-}}

===Etymology===
Cognate with {{cog|ja|針|tr=hari}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|mvi|a=Nakachi, Irabu|/paz̩/}}

===Noun===
{{mvi-head|noun|ぱイ゚}}

# [[needle]]

===References===
* {{R:mvi:Tomihama 2013|page=531}}

==Okinawan==

===Kanji===
{{ryu-kanji|rs=金02}}

====Readings====
{{ryu-readings
|kun=はーい-
}}

===Etymology===
{{ryu-kanjitab|はーい|yomi=k}}
Cognate with {{cog|ja|針|tr=hari}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{a|ryu|{{ll|ja|首里|Shuri}}-{{ll|ja|那覇|Naha}}}} は{{ja-accent/high|あい}} {{monospace|[hàáí]}} ({{ll|ja|平板型|Heiban}} - [0])<ref>[https://mmsrv.ninjal.ac.jp/okinawago/ Okinawan Dictionary Data Collection]</ref>
* {{IPA|ryu|[haːi]|sort=はあい}}

===Noun===
{{ryu-noun|はーい|sort=はあい}}

# a [[needle]] [[use]]d in [[sewing]] or other [[form]]s of [[embroidery]]

====Derived terms====
{{top3}}
* {{ryu-r|鍼|はーい|[[acupuncture]] needle}}
* {{ryu-r|針%刺しー|はーい%さしー}}
* {{ryu-r|針ぬ目|はーい ぬ みー}}
* {{ryu-r|針%箱|はーい%ばく}}
* {{ryu-r|針魚|はーいーゆー}}
* {{ryu-r|括い針|くくいばーい}}
* {{ryu-r|唐%針|から%はーい|[[compass]]}}
{{bottom}}

===References===
<references/>

===Further reading===
* {{R:JLect|はーい【針・鍼】|995|haai}}

==Old Japanese==

===Etymology 1===
{{rfe|ojp|From {{inh|ojp|jpx-pro|sort=はり|*pari}}?}}

====Noun====
{{head|ojp|noun|tr=pari|kana|はり|sort=はり}}

# a [[needle]] [[use]]d in [[embroidery]]
#* {{RQ:Manyoshu|12|2982|passage='''針'''&#64091;有杼妹之無&#64091;將&#64095;哉跡吾乎令煩絕紐之緖|transliteration='''pari''' pa aredo<sub>2</sub> imo si nake<sub>1</sub>reba tuke<sub>2</sub>me<sub>2</sub> ya to<sub>2</sub> ware wo nayamasi tayuru pi<sub>1</sub>mo no<sub>2</sub> wo}}
#* {{RQ:Manyoshu|18|4128|passage=[[草枕|久佐麻久良]]多比乃於伎奈等於母保之天'''波里'''曾多麻敞流奴波牟物能毛賀|transliteration=kusamakura tabi<sub>1</sub> no oki<sub>1</sub>na to<sub>2</sub> omoposite '''pari''' so<sub>2</sub> tamape<sub>1</sub>ru nupamu mono<sub>2</sub> moga}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|ja|[[針]], [[鍼]]|tr=hari}}

===Etymology 2===
{{rfe|ojp}}

====Noun====
{{head|ojp|noun|tr=paru|kana|はる}}

# {{lb|ojp|regional|Central Eastern {{cog|ojp|-}}}} a [[needle]] [[use]]d in [[embroidery]]
#* {{RQ:Manyoshu|20|4420|passage=久佐麻久良多妣乃麻流禰乃比毛多要婆安我弖等&#64038;氣呂許禮乃'''波流'''母志|transliteration=kusamakura tabi<sub>1</sub> no<sub>2</sub> marune no<sub>2</sub> pi<sub>1</sub>mo tayeba aga te to<sub>2</sub> tuke<sub>2</sub>ro<sub>2</sub> ko<sub>2</sub>re no<sub>2</sub> '''paru''' mosi}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|reading=châm, chăm, chảm, găm, kim, trâm|rs=金02}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=金02}}