View source for abstinent

{{also|Abstinent}}
==English==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈæb.stɪ.nn̩t/|a=US}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈæb.stə.nn̩t/|a=US}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-abstinent.ogg|a=US}}

===Etymology 1===
First attested in the late 14th century as {{inh|en|enm|abstinent}}, {{m|enm|abstynent}}, from {{der|en|fro|abstinent}}, from {{der|en|la|abstinēns}}, present participle of {{m|la|abstineō}}. See [[abstain]].

====Adjective====
{{en-adj}}

# [[refraining|Refraining]] from [[indulgence]], especially from the indulgence of appetite. {{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED>{{R:SOED5|page=10}}</ref>
#: {{syn|en|abstemious|continent|temperate}}
#* {{RQ:Beaumont Fletcher Comedies and Tragedies|Love's Cure|passage=Be '''abstinent'''; shew not the corruption of thy generation: he that feeds shall die}}

=====Synonyms=====
* See also [[Thesaurus:moderate]]

=====Derived terms=====
{{col-auto|en|abstinently|nonabstinent}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|refraining from indulgence}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|ժուժկալ|sc=Armn}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|въздържан}}, {{t+|bg|умерен}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|abstinent}}
* Dutch: {{t|nl|zich onthoudend}}, {{t+|nl|matig}}, {{t+|nl|bescheiden}}, {{t+|nl|sober}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|pidättyväinen}}
* German: {{t+|de|abstinent}} {{gloss|mostly when referring to alcohol or smoking}}, {{t+|de|enthaltsam}} {{gloss|sexually abstinent, celibate}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|εγκρατής|m|f|sc=Grek}}, {{t+|el|λιτοδίαιτος|m|sc=Grek}}, {{t+|el|νηστευτής|m|sc=Grek}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|absztinens}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|禁欲|tr=kinyoku}}
* Latin: {{t|la|abstinax}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|atturēties}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|abstinent}}, {{t|nb|avholdende}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wstrzemięźliwy}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|abstinente}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|abstinente}}
* Sudovian: {{t|xsv|aulaikingas}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{inh|en|enm|abstinent}} (adjective form).

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# One who [[abstain]]s; a [[faster]]. {{defdate|First attested around 1350 to 1470.}}<ref name=SOED/>
# {{alternative case form of|en|Abstinent}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{rel-top|terms derived from abstinent}}
* {{l|en|abstinential}}
* {{l|en|fapstinent}}
{{rel-bottom}}

=====Related terms=====
* {{l|en|abstinence}}
* {{l|en|abstinency}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|one who abstains}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|abstinent|m}}, {{t+|nl|onthouder|m}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|pidättyjä}}, {{t|fi|paastoaja}}
* German: {{t+|de|Abstinenzler|m}} {{qualifier|often pejorative}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|absztinens}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|avholdsmann|m}} {{qualifier|alcohol}}, {{t|nb|avholdskvinne|m|f}} {{qualifier|alcohol, female}}, {{t|nb|avholdsbolt|m}} {{qualifier|alcohol}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|abstynent|m-pr}} {{qualifier|often associated with alcohol}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|abstinente|m|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===References===
<references/>

{{C|en|People}}

==Catalan==

===Pronunciation===
* {{ca-IPA}}

===Adjective===
{{ca-adj}}

# {{l|en|abstinent}}

==Czech==

===Pronunciation===
* {{cs-IPA|[ty]}}
* {{hyphenation|cs|ab|s|ti|nent}}

===Noun===
{{cs-noun|m-an|f=abstinentka}}

# [[teetotaler]] {{gloss|person who completely abstains from alcohol}}
#: {{ant|cs|pijan}}

====Declension====
{{cs-ndecl|m.an}}

====Related terms====
* See {{l|cs|tenor}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:cs:PSJC}}
* {{R:cs:SSJC}}

==French==

===Etymology===
{{inh+|fr|frm|abstinent}}, from {{inh|fr|fro|abstinent}}, borrowed from {{bor|fr|la|abstinens|abstinentem}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-abstinent.wav}}

===Adjective===
{{fr-adj}}

# {{l|en|abstinent}}, [[teetotal]]
#: {{syn|fr|abstème}}

===Noun===
{{fr-noun|m|f=+}}

# {{l|en|abstinent}}, [[teetotaler]] / [[teetotaller]]
#: {{syn|fr|abstème|néphaliste}}

====Related terms====
* {{l|fr|abstinence}}
* {{l|fr|abstenir}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

==German==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|de|/apstiˈnɛnt/}}
* {{audio|de|De-abstinent.ogg}}

===Adjective===
{{de-adj}}

# [[#English|abstinent]], [[teetotal]]

====Declension====
{{de-adecl}}

====Related terms====
* {{l|de|Abstinenz}}
* {{l|de|Abstinenzler}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:Duden}}
* {{R:DWDS}}

==Kashubian==

===Etymology===
{{dercat|csb|de|la}}
{{bor+|csb|pl|abstynent}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{csb-pr}}

===Noun===
{{csb-noun|m-pr|f=abstinentka}}

# [[teetotaler]] {{gl|someone who does not drink alcohol}}
# [[#English|abstinent]] {{gl|someone who refrains from something}}

====Declension====
{{csb-decl-noun|abstinent|abstinenta|abstinentowi|abstinenta|abstinentã|abstinence|abstinent/abstinence|abstinencë|abstinentów|abstinentóm|abstinentów|abstinentama|abstinentach|abstinencë}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:csb:SPK|abstynent}}
* {{R:csb:ISKJ|+|18091}}

{{C|csb|Male people}}

==Latin==

===Verb===
{{head|la|verb form}}

# {{inflection of|la|abstineō||3|p|pres|actv|ind}}

==Middle French==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|frm|fro|abstinent}}.

===Adjective===
{{frm-adj}}

# {{l|en|abstinent}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|fr|abstinent}}

==Norwegian Bokmål==
{{was fwotd|nb|2021|November|19}}

===Etymology===
{{root|nb|ine-pro|*ten-}}
From {{bor|nb|la|abstinēns||abstraining, abstinent}}, present participle of {{m|la|abstineō||I withhold}}, from '''both''' {{m|la|ab-||from, away from, off}}, {{m|la|ab||from, away from, on, in}}, from {{der|nb|itc-pro|*ab}}, from {{der|nb|ine-pro|*h₂epó||off, away}} + '''and''' from {{m|la|teneō||to hold, have, grasp}}, from {{der|nb|itc-pro|*tenēō||to hold}}, from {{der|nb|ine-pro|*ten-||to stretch, extend}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nb|/abstɪˈnɛnt/|/apstɪˈnɛnt/}}
* {{audio|nb|nb-abstinent.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|nb|ɛnt}}
* {{hyph|nb|ab|sti|nent}}

===Adjective===
{{head|nb|adjective|neuter singular|abstinent|definite singular and plural|abstinente|comparative|[[mer]] [[abstinent]]|superlative|[[mest]] [[abstinent]]}}

# {{lb|nb|literary}} {{l|en|abstinent}} or [[abstaining]] {{q|[[refraining]] from [[indulgence]]}}
#: {{syn|nb|avholdende}}
#: {{ux|nb|en '''abstinent''' heroinist|an '''abstinent''' heroin addict}}
#* {{quote-journal|nb|year=1898|work=Samtiden|text=den abstinente muhamedaner|t=the abstinent Muhammadan}}
#* {{quote-journal|nb|date=11.10.1974|work=Aftenposten|page=3|text=han virket ikke som noen abstinent … Alkoholen hadde dessverre sitt tak i ham|t=he did not seem to be abstinent… Alcohol unfortunately had its hold on him}}
# experiencing [[withdrawal]] or [[withdrawal]] [[symptoms]]
#: {{ux|nb|'''abstinente''' spedbarn|'''abstinent''' infants (babies born with neonatal withdrawal)|inline=1}}
#* {{quote-journal|nb|date=19.03.2008|work=Aftenposten|text=[NN] peker på at [heroin]tørken gjør heroinmisbrukerne desperate og abstinente|t=[NN] points out that the [heroin] drought makes heroin addicts desperate and abstinent}}
#* {{quote-web|nb|date=23.11.2012|work=osloby.no|text=[klager på politiet] fra svært abstinente personer som … politiet hindrer … i å kjøpe heroin|t=[complaints to the police] from very abstinent people who ... the police prevent ... from buying heroin}}

====Related terms====
* {{l|nb|abstinens||abstinence}}
* {{l|nb|abstinenssymptom||withdrawal symptom}}
* {{l|nb|abstinere||abstain}}

===References===
* {{R:The Bokmål Dictionary}}
* {{R:NAOB}}
* “[http://www.snl.no/abstinent abstinent]” in ''Store norske leksikon''

==Old French==

===Alternative forms===
* {{l|fro|abstenent}}

===Etymology===
Borrowed from {{bor|fro|la|abstinens|abstinens, abstinentem}}.

===Adjective===
{{fro-adj|mf|f2=abstinente}}

# {{l|en|abstinent}}

====Declension====
{{fro-decl-adj|ssm=abstinens|pm=abstinens}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|enm|abstinent|bor=1}}
** {{desc|en|abstinent}}
* {{desc|frm|abstinent}}
** {{desc|fr|abstinent}}

==Romanian==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|ro|fr|abstinent}}.

===Noun===
{{ro-noun|m|abstinenți}}

# {{l|en|abstinent}}

====Declension====
{{ro-noun-m}}