View source for inflection

{{selfref|For inflection templates, see [[Wiktionary:Inflection templates]].}}
==English==

===Alternative forms===
* {{l|en|inflexion}}

===Etymology===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*h₃enh₂-}}
From older {{m|en|inflexion}}, borrowed from {{bor|en|frm|inflexion}}, itself borrowed from {{der|en|la|inflexio|inflexiōnem|t=alteration|lit=bending}}. The English spelling with ⟨ct⟩ is due to influence from {{m|en|inflect}} or related words like {{m|en|correction}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ɪnˈflɛkʃən/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-inflection.ogg|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɛkʃən|s=3}}
* {{hyphenation|en|in|flec|tion}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|~}}

# {{senseid|en|Q207857}}{{lb|en|grammar|uncountable}} A change in the form of a word ([[morphologic]] change) to express different [[grammatical]] categories.
#: {{ux|en|In English, word order often does the work that '''inflection''' did in Latin}}
# {{lb|en|grammar|countable}} An instance of such change.
#: {{ux|en|an '''inflection''' for gender, number, or tense}}
## {{lb|en|grammar}} An {{l|en|affix}} representing such an instance.
##: {{ux|en|English's regular '''inflection''' for number in plural nouns is the suffix ''-s''.}}
# {{lb|en|grammar|countable}} Any form produced by such an instance of a change, such as the [[principal part#Noun|principal parts]] for any given stem: any of the declined or conjugated forms that constitute its [[declension]] or [[conjugation]].
#: {{ux|en|Recite every '''inflection''' for each of these words.}}
# A change in [[pitch]] or [[tone]] of voice.
#: {{ux|en|If he's lying, his '''inflection''' changes.}}
# {{lb|en|mathematics}} A change in curvature from [[concave]] to [[convex]] or from convex to concave.
# A turning away from a straight course.
#: {{ux|en|'''inflection''' from the rules}}
# {{lb|en|optometry}} [[diffraction|Diffraction]].

====Synonyms====
* {{l|en|flection}}, {{l|en|flexion}}

====Hyponyms====
* {{sense|grammar}} {{l|en|comparison}}
* {{sense|grammar}} {{l|en|conjugation}}
* {{sense|grammar}} {{l|en|declension}}, {{l|en|declination}}
* {{sense|grammar}}  {{l|en|desinential inflection}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|en|inflection point}} ({{l|en|point of inflection}})

====Related terms====
* {{l|en|inflect}}
* {{l|en|inflected}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|change in the form of a word that reflects a change in grammatical function}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|eptim}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|թեքում}}
* Bashkir: {{t|ba|[[килеш]] [[менән]] [[үҙгәреү]]|sc=Cyrl}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|склоне́ние|n}}
* Catalan: {{t|ca|flexió|f}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|詞形變化|tr=cí xíng biànhuà}}, {{t|cmn|曲折變化}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|flexe|f}}, {{t+|cs|ohýbání|n}}
* Danish: {{t+check|da|bøjning}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|flexie|f}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|taivutus}}
* French: {{t+|fr|flexion|f}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|ფლექსია}}, {{t|ka|მიმოხრა}}, {{t|ka|მოღუნვა}}
* German: {{t+|de|Flexion|f}}, {{t+|de|Beugung|f}}, {{t+|de|Biegung|f}}
* Greek:
*: Classical: {{t|grc|κλίσις|f}}, {{t|grc|κίνημα|n}}, {{t|grc|κίνησις|f}}
*: Modern: {{t+|el|κλίση|f}}
* Hungarian: {{q|the ending itself}} {{t+|hu|rag}}, {{q|the phenomenon}} {{t+|hu|ragozás}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|beyging|f}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|infleksi}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|desinenza|f}}, {{t+|it|flessione|f}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|語形変化|tr=ごけいへんか, gokei henka|sc=Jpan}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|굴절(屈折)}}, {{t|ko|어형변화(語形變化)}}
* Latin: {{t|la|flexio|f}}, {{t+|la|flexura|f}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|locīšana|f}}
* Malagasy: {{t|mg|fihilan-teny}}
* Manx: {{t|gv|yn-filley|m}}
* Mongolian: {{t+|mn|хувирал|sc=Cyrl}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|bøyning|m|f}}, {{t+|nb|bøying|m|f}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|bøying|f}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|ġebīeġednes|f}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|تصریف|tr=tasrif}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|odmiana|f}}, {{t+|pl|fleksja|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|flexão|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|flexiune|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|фле́ксия|f}} {{qualifier|formal}}, {{t+|ru|оконча́ние|n}} {{qualifier|formal}}, {{t+|ru|словоизмене́ние|n}}, {{t|ru|измене́ние фо́рмы сло́ва|n}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|fleksija|f}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|ohýbanie}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|flexión|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|böjning|c}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|sabaylo}}
* Tajik: {{t+|tg|оҳанг|sc=Cyrl}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|словозмі́на|f}}
* Welsh: {{t|cy|ffurfdro|m}}, {{t|cy|ffurfdroad|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|change in pitch or tone of voice}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|модулация|f}}
* Catalan: {{t|ca|inflexió|f}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|modulation}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|[[äänenkorkeuden]] muutos}} {{qualifier|of pitch}}, {{t|fi|[[äänensävyn]] muutos}} {{qualifier|of tone}}
* German: {{t+|de|Betonung|f}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|raddblær|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|inflessione|f}}, {{t+|it|cadenza|f}}, {{t+|it|calata|f}}, {{t+|it|modulazione|f}}, {{t+|it|intonazione|f}}
* Mongolian: {{t|mn|ялгаллахуй|sc=Cyrl}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|modulacja|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|inflexão|f}}, {{t+|pt|entonação|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|inflexiune|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|модуля́ция|f}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|infleksija|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|inflexión|f}}
* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|модуляція|m}}, {{t|uk|[[зміна]] [[інтонація|інтонації]]|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|change in curvature from concave to convex or from convex to concave}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|käänne}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|κάμψη|f}}, {{t+|el|λύγισμα|n}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|inflexió}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|inflessione|f}}
* Manx: {{t|gv|aachassey|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|inflexão|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|inflexiune|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|переги́б|n}}, {{t+|ru|сгиба́ние|n}}, {{qualifier|medical}} {{t+|ru|фле́ксия|f}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|infleksija|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|inflexionspunkt|c}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|перегин|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|turning away from a straight course}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|թեքում}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|отклонение|n}}
* Danish: {{t|da|afvigelse}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|bocht}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|suunnanmuutos}}
* French: {{t+|fr|inflexion}}
* Manx: {{t|gv|lhoobey|m}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|ġebīeġednes|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|inflexão|f}}, {{t+|pt|desvio|m}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|отклоне́ние|n}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|otklon|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|inflexión}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* Danish: {{t|da|vendepunkt}} <!-- Was translation for "change in curvature" but appears to incicate "point of inflection". i.e. the point in which the change takes place-->
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|buigpunt|n}} <!-- Was translation for "change in curvature" but appears to incicate "point of inflection". i.e. the point in which the change takes place-->
* French: {{t+|fr|point d'inflexion}} <!-- Was translation for "change in curvature" but appears to incicate "point of inflection". i.e. the point in which the change takes place-->
* German: {{t+|de|Wendepunkt|m}} <!-- Was translation for "change in curvature" but appears to incicate "point of inflection". i.e. the point in which the change takes place-->
* Spanish: {{t+|es|punto de inflexión}} <!-- Was translation for "change in curvature" but appears to incicate "point of inflection". i.e. the point in which the change takes place-->
* Welsh: {{t-check|cy|treiglad|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Further reading===
* {{pedia}}