View source for medicine

==English==
{{wp}}

===Alternative forms===
* {{l|en|medicin}} {{q|obsolete}}

===Etymology===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*med-}}
From {{inh|en|enm|medicin}}, from {{der|en|frm|medicine}}, from {{der|en|fro|medecine}}, from {{der|en|la|medicīna||the healing art, medicine, a physician's shop, a remedy, medicine}}, feminine of {{m|la|medicīnus||of or belonging to physic or surgery, or to a physician or surgeon}}, from {{m|la|medicus||a physician, surgeon}}.

The extended sense of "Indigenous magic" is a {{calque|en|oj|mashkiki||medicine|nocap=1}}  or {{m|oj|mide}} (or cognates in {{w|Algonquian languages|related languages}}) when used in compounds such as [[Grand Medicine Society]], [[medicine lodge]], [[medicine dance]], [[medicine bag]], [[medicine wheel]], [[medicine man]], [[Medicine Line]], and [[bad medicine]] or place names such as [[Medicine Hat]], [[Medicine Creek]], etc.

===Pronunciation===
* {{enPR|ˈmed-sǐn|ˈmed-sn|a=RP}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈmɛd.ɪ.s(ɪ)n/|/ˈmɛd.s(ɪ)n/}}
* {{audio|en|En-uk-medicine.ogg|a=RP}}
* {{enPR|medʹĭ-sĭn|a=GA}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈmɛd.ɪ.sɪn/}}
* {{audio|en|En-us-medicine.ogg|a=GA}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈmɛdəs(ə)n/|a=weak vowel}}
* {{hyphenation|en|me|di|cine}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɛdɪsɪn|ɛdəsən|a2=weak vowel|s=3}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|~}}

# {{senseid|en|any particular pharmaceutical drug}} {{lb|en|uncountable|countable}} A [[substance]] which specifically promotes [[healing]] when [[ingest]]ed or consumed in some way; a [[pharmaceutical]] [[drug]].
#: {{ux|en|This '''medicine''' has fewer adverse effects than others in its drug class.}}
#: {{ux|en|Using a weekly pill organizer is a good way to help remind yourself to take your '''medicine''' each day, and it also tells you whether you already took today's pills (it's not unusual to forget doing a habitual task)!}}
#: {{syn|en|medication}}
#: {{hyper|en|drug}}
# {{senseid|en|any treatment or cure}} {{lb|en|broadly|countable}} Any [[treatment]] or [[cure]].
#: {{ux|en|A legislative remedy might be some harsh '''medicine'''; is that cure worse than the ill?}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1625|author=w:Francis Bacon|title=Of Innovation
|passage=Surely every '''medicine''' is an innovation; and he that will not apply new remedies, must expect new evils {{...}}}}
# {{senseid|en|field of study}} {{lb|en|uncountable}} The study of the cause, [[diagnosis]], [[prognosis]] and [[treatment]] of [[disease]] or [[illness]].
#: {{ux|en|She's studying '''medicine''' at university because she wants to be a doctor in the future.}}
# {{senseid|en|medical practice including surgical practice}} {{lb|en|uncountable}} The [[profession]] and [[practice]] of [[physician]]s, including [[surgeon]]s.
#: {{ux|en|The history of '''medicine''' can be discretized into eras with differing relationships between physicians and surgeons}}
#: {{hyper|en|health care|healthcare}}
#: {{hypo|en|surgery}}
## {{senseid|en|medical practice coordinate with surgical practice}} {{lb|en|mainly historical|uncountable}} The [[profession]] and [[practice]] of nonsurgical [[physician]]s as sometimes distinguished from that of [[surgeon]]s.
##: {{ux|en|the evolving relationship of '''medicine''' to surgery in the nineteenth century}}
##: {{cot|en|surgery}}
# {{senseid|en|traditional medicine}} {{lb|en|uncountable}} Ritual [[magic]] used, as by a [[medicine man]], to promote a desired outcome in healing, hunting, or warfare; [[traditional medicine]].
# Among the Native Americans, any [[object]] supposed to give control over natural or magical forces, to act as a protective charm, or to cause healing.
#* {{quote-book|en|author=F. H. Giddings|passage=The North American Indian boy usually took as his '''medicine''' the first animal of which he dreamed during the long and solitary fast that he observed at puberty.|year=1896|title=The Principles of Sociology}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[black magic|Black magic]], [[superstition]].
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} A [[philter]] or love potion.
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1597|author=w:William Shakespeare|title=[[s: The First Part of King Henry the Fourth#Scene II. The Road by Gads-hill.|Henry IV, Part I]]|section=II. ii. 18|passage=If the rascal have not given me '''medicines''' to make me love him, I'll be hanged. It could not be else. I have drunk '''medicines'''.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} A [[physician]].
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1598|author=w:William Shakespeare|title=[[s: All's Well That Ends Well|All’s Well That Ends Well]]|section=II. i. 72|passage=I have seen a '''medicine''' / That's able to breathe life into a stone}}
# {{lb|en|slang}} [[recreational drug|Recreational drug]]s, especially [[alcoholic]] [[drink]]s.

====Synonyms====
* {{s|substance}} {{l|en|drug}}, {{l|en|prescription}}, {{l|en|pharmaceutical}}, {{l|en|elixir}}
* {{s|treatment}} {{l|en|regimen}}, {{l|en|course}}, {{l|en|program}}, {{l|en|prescription}}
* {{s|practice}} {{l|en|health care}}
* See also [[Thesaurus:medicine]]
* See also [[Thesaurus:pharmaceutical]]

====Hyponyms====
* {{l|en|academic medicine}} {{lb|en|which entails clinical medicine, medical education, biomedical basic science, and biomedical applied science}}<!--But clinical medicine is coordinate with it under the hypernym of medicine; clinical medicine is not hyponymous to academic medicine--><!--This term will not remain a redlink for long-->
* {{l|en|clinical medicine}} {{lb|en|comprising all point of care activity}}
* {{l|en|laboratory medicine}} {{lb|en|which entails many lab tests, such as most serology and most NAATs (e.g., most PCRs)}}<!--and which will not remain a redlink for long-->
* ''By epistemologic categorization:''
** scientific medicine<!--Might perhaps be assailed as not more than [[WT:SOP]]; suffice it as an unlinked ontologic node, either for now or perhaps forever-->
*** {{l|en|evidence-based medicine}}<!--Definitely hyponymic to scientific medicine, being an epistemologically stricter subset thereof, although "how so" bears exposition to noninitiates; that exposition is handled at [[w:Evidence-based medicine]]-->
** {{l|en|integrative medicine}}
*** {{l|en|alternative medicine}}
*** {{l|en|complementary medicine}}
*** {{l|en|traditional medicine}}
**** {{l|en|indigenous medicine}}
**** {{l|en|Ayurvedic medicine}}
**** {{l|en|traditional Chinese medicine}}
**** {{l|en|folk medicine}}

====Meronyms====
* {{l|en|oncology}}

====Derived terms====
{{col4|en
|auriculomedicine
|biomedicine|bush medicine
|Edison's medicine
|energy medicine
|forced medicine
|hallway medicine
|medicine ball
|medicine dance
|Medicine Hat
|Medicine Line|preventive medicine
|Medicine Lodge|aeromedicine|antimedicine|chronomedicine|cryomedicine|cybermedicine|electromedicine|ethnomedicine|geomedicine|iatromedicine|keraunomedicine|medicinelike|mediciner|mediciney|nanomedicine|neuromedicine|paramedicine|phytomedicine|premedicine|pseudomedicine|psychomedicine|technomedicine|telemedicine|xenomedicine
|medicine man
|medicine show
|take one's medicine
|taste of one's own medicine
|Yellow Medicine County
|a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down|a spoonful of sugar makes the medicine go down|allopathic medicine|Chinese medicine|Chinese patent medicine|Chinese traditional medicine|cough medicine|Darwinian medicine|defensive medicine|digital medicine|dose of one's own medicine|eclectic medicine|emergency medicine|family medicine|folk-medicine|forensic medicine|generative medicine|God's medicine|herbal medicine|heroic medicine|internal medicine|laughter is the best medicine|medicine cabinet|medicine chest|medicine shield|medicine woman|molecular medicine|nuclear medicine|orphan medicine|patent medicine|photomedicine|precision medicine|preventative medicine|pseudo-medicine|recreational medicine|regenerative medicine|reproductive medicine|socialized medicine|space medicine|sports medicine|unclear medicine|veterinary medicine}}

====Related terms====
{{col4|en
|medic
|medical
|medicament
|medication
|medicate
|medicinal
|postmedication
|premedication
}}

====Translations====
{{see translation subpage|Noun}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|rare|obsolete}} To treat with medicine.
#* {{quote-book|en|title=The philosophy of the plays of Shakspere unfolded|author=Delia Bacon|year=1857|passage=And we shall find, under the head of the '''medicining''' of the body, some things on the subject of medicine in general, which could be better said ''there'' than ''here'', because of the wrath of professional dignitaries,- the eye of the 'basilisk,' was not perhaps quite so terrible in that quarter then, as it was in some others.}}

===See also===
* {{l|en|therapy}}
* {{l|en|panacea}}

===References===
* Prescription Desk Reference, [http://prescriptiondesk.com Prescription Drug Information:]
* {{R:Dictionary.com|medicine}}
* "[http://209.161.33.50/dictionary/medicine medicine]" in the ''Merriam-Webster On-line dictionary''
* "[https://web.archive.org/web/20070102012026/http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/dictionaries/english/data/d0082411.html medicine]" in the ''Hutchinson Encyclopaedia'', Helicon Publishing LTD 2007.
* {{R:Century 1911}}
* {{R:OneLook}}

{{C|en|Medicine}}

==Italian==

===Noun===
{{head|it|noun form|g=f}}

# {{plural of|it|medicina}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|it|a=cdeeiimn|endemici}}

==Middle French==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|frm|fro|medecine}}, with the {{m|fr||i}} added back to reflect the original {{bor|frm|la|medicīna}}.

===Noun===
{{frm-noun|f}}

# {{l|en|medicine}} (act of practising medical treatment)

====Descendants====
* {{desc|fr|médecine}}

==Spanish==

===Verb===
{{head|es|verb form}}

# {{es-verb form of|medicinar}}