μικρός
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meyg-, *(s)mēyg- (“small, thin, delicate”), thereby cognate with e.g. Old English smicor (“beauteous, beautiful, elegant, fair, fine, tasteful”), whence modern English smicker; compare also German mickrig. However this etymology leaves the /k/ of the Greek forms unexplained.
Beekes argues for Pre-Greek origin on the basis of variation between initial /m/ and /sm/, as well as the variant forms μικός (mikós) and μικκός (mikkós).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /miː.krós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /miˈkros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /miˈkros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /miˈkros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /miˈkros/
Adjective
[edit]μῑκρός • (mīkrós) m (feminine μῑκρᾱ́, neuter μῑκρόν); first/second declension
Declension
[edit]Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | μῑκρός mīkrós |
μῑκρᾱ́ mīkrā́ |
μῑκρόν mīkrón |
μῑκρώ mīkrṓ |
μῑκρᾱ́ mīkrā́ |
μῑκρώ mīkrṓ |
μῑκροί mīkroí |
μῑκραί mīkraí |
μῑκρᾰ́ mīkrá | |||||
Genitive | μῑκροῦ mīkroû |
μῑκρᾶς mīkrâs |
μῑκροῦ mīkroû |
μῑκροῖν mīkroîn |
μῑκραῖν mīkraîn |
μῑκροῖν mīkroîn |
μῑκρῶν mīkrôn |
μῑκρῶν mīkrôn |
μῑκρῶν mīkrôn | |||||
Dative | μῑκρῷ mīkrôi |
μῑκρᾷ mīkrâi |
μῑκρῷ mīkrôi |
μῑκροῖν mīkroîn |
μῑκραῖν mīkraîn |
μῑκροῖν mīkroîn |
μῑκροῖς mīkroîs |
μῑκραῖς mīkraîs |
μῑκροῖς mīkroîs | |||||
Accusative | μῑκρόν mīkrón |
μῑκρᾱ́ν mīkrā́n |
μῑκρόν mīkrón |
μῑκρώ mīkrṓ |
μῑκρᾱ́ mīkrā́ |
μῑκρώ mīkrṓ |
μῑκρούς mīkroús |
μῑκρᾱ́ς mīkrā́s |
μῑκρᾰ́ mīkrá | |||||
Vocative | μῑκρέ mīkré |
μῑκρᾱ́ mīkrā́ |
μῑκρόν mīkrón |
μῑκρώ mīkrṓ |
μῑκρᾱ́ mīkrā́ |
μῑκρώ mīkrṓ |
μῑκροί mīkroí |
μῑκραί mīkraí |
μῑκρᾰ́ mīkrá | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
μῑκρῶς mīkrôs |
μῑκρότερος / ἐλάσσων / μείων mīkróteros / elássōn / meíōn |
μῑκρότᾰτος / ἐλάχιστος / μεῖστος mīkrótatos / elákhistos / meîstos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- μῑκρολογῐ́ᾱ (mīkrologíā)
Descendants
[edit]- Greek: μικρός (mikrós)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μῑκρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 951–952
Further reading
[edit]- “μικρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μικρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “μικρός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- μικρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- μικρός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “μικρός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G3398 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- brief idem, page 98.
- diminutive idem, page 225.
- distant idem, page 240.
- faint idem, page 302.
- feeble idem, page 313.
- insignificant idem, page 445.
- jejune idem, page 462.
- languid idem, page 475.
- limited idem, page 492.
- little idem, page 495.
- low idem, page 502.
- meagre idem, page 519.
- mean idem, page 519.
- minor idem, page 531.
- paltry idem, page 590.
- petty idem, page 609.
- puny idem, page 658.
- remote idem, page 694.
- short idem, page 768.
- slender idem, page 783.
- slight idem, page 784.
- small idem, page 786.
- stunted idem, page 829.
- tiny idem, page 877.
- trifling idem, page 895.
- trivial idem, page 896.
- weak idem, page 969.
Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Ancient Greek μῑκρός (mīkrós, “small, insignificant”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]μικρός • (mikrós) m (feminine μικρή or μικρά, neuter μικρό)
- small, little
- short (in length)
- 1980, “Μην Κλαις [Don't Cry]”, in Michalis Bourboulis (lyrics), Ilias Andriopoulos (music), Λαϊκά Προάστια [Popular Suburbs], performed by Sotiria Bellou:
- Τα καλοκαίρια μας μικρά,
κι ατέλειωτοι οι χειμώνες.- Ta kalokaíria mas mikrá,
ki atéleiotoi oi cheimónes. - Our summers short,
and our winters endless.
- Ta kalokaíria mas mikrá,
- young
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | μικρός (mikrós) | μικρή (mikrí) μικρά (mikrá) |
μικρό (mikró) | μικροί (mikroí) | μικρές (mikrés) | μικρά (mikrá) | |
genitive | μικρού (mikroú) | μικρής (mikrís) μικράς (mikrás) |
μικρού (mikroú) | μικρών (mikrón) | μικρών (mikrón) | μικρών (mikrón) | |
accusative | μικρό (mikró) | μικρή (mikrí) μικρά (mikrá) |
μικρό (mikró) | μικρούς (mikroús) | μικρές (mikrés) | μικρά (mikrá) | |
vocative | μικρέ (mikré) | μικρή (mikrí) μικρά (mikrá) |
μικρό (mikró) | μικροί (mikroí) | μικρές (mikrés) | μικρά (mikrá) |
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο μικρός, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο μικρός, etc.)
Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο μικρότερος", etc)
Notes: 1. ελάχιστος is also the absolute superlative of λίγος. |
Antonyms
[edit]- μεγάλος (megálos, “large”)
Coordinate terms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- μικρούλης (mikroúlis, “tiny”, endearing diminutive)
- μικρούτσικος (mikroútsikos, “tiny”)
- παραμικρός (paramikrós)
Noun
[edit]μικρός • (mikrós) m (plural μικροί)
- (anatomy) little finger
- Synonym: μικρό δάχτυλο (mikró dáchtylo)
- boy
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | μικρός (mikrós) | μικροί (mikroí) |
genitive | μικρού (mikroú) | μικρών (mikrón) |
accusative | μικρό (mikró) | μικρούς (mikroús) |
vocative | μικρέ (mikré) | μικροί (mikroí) |
Coordinate terms
[edit]- αντίχειρας m (antícheiras, “thumb”)
- δείκτης m (deíktis, “forefinger”)
- μέσος m (mésos, “middle finger”)
- παράμεσος m (parámesos, “ring finger”)
Further reading
[edit]- μικρός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek adjectives
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- grc:Time
- grc:Size
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek adjectives
- Greek terms with quotations
- Greek adjectives in declension ός-ή-ά-ό
- Greek nouns
- Greek masculine nouns
- el:Anatomy
- Greek nouns declining like 'αδελφός'