سمك

Arabic

Root
س م ك (s m k)
3 terms

Etymology 1

From the root س م ك (s m k), meaning “to be elevated or lofty”, “to be supported or held up”, “to sustain”; hence the meaning of “a source of sustenance”, “a mainstay or staple-food”. Cognate with Hebrew סָמַך (samak, “to lean, lay, rest, support”) attested in the Bible with the similar semantic sense “to sustain” or “to nourish”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.mak/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

سَمَك • (samak) m (collective, singulative سَمَكَة f (samaka), plural أَسْماك (ʔasmāk) or سِمَاك (simāk) or سُمُوك (sumūk))

1. fish

   السَّرْدِينَ عِبَارَةً عَنْ سَمَكِ زَيْتَي صَغِيرٍ يُمْكِنُ أَكْلُهُ بِالْكَامِلِ.

   as-sardīna ʕibāratan ʕan samaki zaytay ṣaḡīrin yumkinu ʔakluhu bi-l-kāmili.

   Sardines are small, oily fish that can be eaten whole.

Declension

Declension of noun سَمَك (samak)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَمَك samak	السَّمَك as-samak	سَمَك samak
Nominative	سَمَكٌ samakun	السَّمَكُ as-samaku	سَمَكُ samaku
Accusative	سَمَكًا samakan	السَّمَكَ as-samaka	سَمَكَ samaka
Genitive	سَمَكٍ samakin	السَّمَكِ as-samaki	سَمَكِ samaki
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَمَكَة samaka	السَّمَكَة as-samaka	سَمَكَة samakat
Nominative	سَمَكَةٌ samakatun	السَّمَكَةُ as-samakatu	سَمَكَةُ samakatu
Accusative	سَمَكَةً samakatan	السَّمَكَةَ as-samakata	سَمَكَةَ samakata
Genitive	سَمَكَةٍ samakatin	السَّمَكَةِ as-samakati	سَمَكَةِ samakati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَمَكَتَيْن samakatayn	السَّمَكَتَيْن as-samakatayn	سَمَكَتَيْ samakatay
Nominative	سَمَكَتَانِ samakatāni	السَّمَكَتَانِ as-samakatāni	سَمَكَتَا samakatā
Accusative	سَمَكَتَيْنِ samakatayni	السَّمَكَتَيْنِ as-samakatayni	سَمَكَتَيْ samakatay
Genitive	سَمَكَتَيْنِ samakatayni	السَّمَكَتَيْنِ as-samakatayni	سَمَكَتَيْ samakatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَمَكَات samakāt	السَّمَكَات as-samakāt	سَمَكَات samakāt
Nominative	سَمَكَاتٌ samakātun	السَّمَكَاتُ as-samakātu	سَمَكَاتُ samakātu
Accusative	سَمَكَاتٍ samakātin	السَّمَكَاتِ as-samakāti	سَمَكَاتِ samakāti
Genitive	سَمَكَاتٍ samakātin	السَّمَكَاتِ as-samakāti	سَمَكَاتِ samakāti
Plural of variety	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَسْماك‎; سِمَاك‎; سُمُوك ʔasmāk‎; simāk‎; sumūk	الْأَسْماك‎; السِّمَاك‎; السُّمُوك al-ʔasmāk‎; as-simāk‎; as-sumūk	أَسْماك‎; سِمَاك‎; سُمُوك ʔasmāk‎; simāk‎; sumūk
Nominative	أَسْماكٌ‎; سِمَاكٌ‎; سُمُوكٌ ʔasmākun‎; simākun‎; sumūkun	الْأَسْماكُ‎; السِّمَاكُ‎; السُّمُوكُ al-ʔasmāku‎; as-simāku‎; as-sumūku	أَسْماكُ‎; سِمَاكُ‎; سُمُوكُ ʔasmāku‎; simāku‎; sumūku
Accusative	أَسْماكًا‎; سِمَاكًا‎; سُمُوكًا ʔasmākan‎; simākan‎; sumūkan	الْأَسْماكَ‎; السِّمَاكَ‎; السُّمُوكَ al-ʔasmāka‎; as-simāka‎; as-sumūka	أَسْماكَ‎; سِمَاكَ‎; سُمُوكَ ʔasmāka‎; simāka‎; sumūka
Genitive	أَسْماكٍ‎; سِمَاكٍ‎; سُمُوكٍ ʔasmākin‎; simākin‎; sumūkin	الْأَسْماكِ‎; السِّمَاكِ‎; السُّمُوكِ al-ʔasmāki‎; as-simāki‎; as-sumūki	أَسْماكِ‎; سِمَاكِ‎; سُمُوكِ ʔasmāki‎; simāki‎; sumūki

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: سمچ (simič, simač)
• Iraqi Arabic: سمچ (simač)
• → Ge'ez: ሰመክ (sämäk)
• → Ottoman Turkish: سمك (semek)
  • Turkish: semek
• → Swahili: samaki

Etymology 2

From the root س م ك (s m k) in the sense of "to nourish", "to make well-fed", "to fatten up livestock".

Verb

سَمَّكَ • (sammaka) II (non-past يُسَمِّكُ (yusammiku), verbal noun تَسْمِيك (tasmīk))

1. to thicken

Conjugation

    Conjugation of سَمَّكَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَسْمِيك)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَسْمِيك tasmīk
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُسَمِّك musammik
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُسَمَّك musammak
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَمَّكْتُ sammaktu	سَمَّكْتَ sammakta	سَمَّكَ sammaka		سَمَّكْتُمَا sammaktumā	سَمَّكَا sammakā		سَمَّكْنَا sammaknā	سَمَّكْتُمْ sammaktum	سَمَّكُوا sammakū
	f		سَمَّكْتِ sammakti	سَمَّكَتْ sammakat			سَمَّكَتَا sammakatā			سَمَّكْتُنَّ sammaktunna	سَمَّكْنَ sammakna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَمِّكُ ʔusammiku	تُسَمِّكُ tusammiku	يُسَمِّكُ yusammiku		تُسَمِّكَانِ tusammikāni	يُسَمِّكَانِ yusammikāni		نُسَمِّكُ nusammiku	تُسَمِّكُونَ tusammikūna	يُسَمِّكُونَ yusammikūna
	f		تُسَمِّكِينَ tusammikīna	تُسَمِّكُ tusammiku			تُسَمِّكَانِ tusammikāni			تُسَمِّكْنَ tusammikna	يُسَمِّكْنَ yusammikna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَمِّكَ ʔusammika	تُسَمِّكَ tusammika	يُسَمِّكَ yusammika		تُسَمِّكَا tusammikā	يُسَمِّكَا yusammikā		نُسَمِّكَ nusammika	تُسَمِّكُوا tusammikū	يُسَمِّكُوا yusammikū
	f		تُسَمِّكِي tusammikī	تُسَمِّكَ tusammika			تُسَمِّكَا tusammikā			تُسَمِّكْنَ tusammikna	يُسَمِّكْنَ yusammikna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَمِّكْ ʔusammik	تُسَمِّكْ tusammik	يُسَمِّكْ yusammik		تُسَمِّكَا tusammikā	يُسَمِّكَا yusammikā		نُسَمِّكْ nusammik	تُسَمِّكُوا tusammikū	يُسَمِّكُوا yusammikū
	f		تُسَمِّكِي tusammikī	تُسَمِّكْ tusammik			تُسَمِّكَا tusammikā			تُسَمِّكْنَ tusammikna	يُسَمِّكْنَ yusammikna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سَمِّكْ sammik			سَمِّكَا sammikā				سَمِّكُوا sammikū
	f		سَمِّكِي sammikī							سَمِّكْنَ sammikna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُمِّكْتُ summiktu	سُمِّكْتَ summikta	سُمِّكَ summika		سُمِّكْتُمَا summiktumā	سُمِّكَا summikā		سُمِّكْنَا summiknā	سُمِّكْتُمْ summiktum	سُمِّكُوا summikū
	f		سُمِّكْتِ summikti	سُمِّكَتْ summikat			سُمِّكَتَا summikatā			سُمِّكْتُنَّ summiktunna	سُمِّكْنَ summikna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَمَّكُ ʔusammaku	تُسَمَّكُ tusammaku	يُسَمَّكُ yusammaku		تُسَمَّكَانِ tusammakāni	يُسَمَّكَانِ yusammakāni		نُسَمَّكُ nusammaku	تُسَمَّكُونَ tusammakūna	يُسَمَّكُونَ yusammakūna
	f		تُسَمَّكِينَ tusammakīna	تُسَمَّكُ tusammaku			تُسَمَّكَانِ tusammakāni			تُسَمَّكْنَ tusammakna	يُسَمَّكْنَ yusammakna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَمَّكَ ʔusammaka	تُسَمَّكَ tusammaka	يُسَمَّكَ yusammaka		تُسَمَّكَا tusammakā	يُسَمَّكَا yusammakā		نُسَمَّكَ nusammaka	تُسَمَّكُوا tusammakū	يُسَمَّكُوا yusammakū
	f		تُسَمَّكِي tusammakī	تُسَمَّكَ tusammaka			تُسَمَّكَا tusammakā			تُسَمَّكْنَ tusammakna	يُسَمَّكْنَ yusammakna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَمَّكْ ʔusammak	تُسَمَّكْ tusammak	يُسَمَّكْ yusammak		تُسَمَّكَا tusammakā	يُسَمَّكَا yusammakā		نُسَمَّكْ nusammak	تُسَمَّكُوا tusammakū	يُسَمَّكُوا yusammakū
	f		تُسَمَّكِي tusammakī	تُسَمَّكْ tusammak			تُسَمَّكَا tusammakā			تُسَمَّكْنَ tusammakna	يُسَمَّكْنَ yusammakna

Noun

سُمْك • (sumk) m

1. thickness

Declension

Declension of noun سُمْك (sumk)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُمْك sumk	السُّمْك as-sumk	سُمْك sumk
Nominative	سُمْكٌ sumkun	السُّمْكُ as-sumku	سُمْكُ sumku
Accusative	سُمْكًا sumkan	السُّمْكَ as-sumka	سُمْكَ sumka
Genitive	سُمْكٍ sumkin	السُّمْكِ as-sumki	سُمْكِ sumki

Etymology 3

From the root س م ك (s m k), in the sense of "to be elevated or lofty", "to be supported or held up".

Noun

سَمْك • (samk) m

1. roof, ceiling

Declension

Declension of noun سَمْك (samk)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَمْك samk	السَّمْك as-samk	سَمْك samk
Nominative	سَمْكٌ samkun	السَّمْكُ as-samku	سَمْكُ samku
Accusative	سَمْكًا samkan	السَّمْكَ as-samka	سَمْكَ samka
Genitive	سَمْكٍ samkin	السَّمْكِ as-samki	سَمْكِ samki

References

• Lane, Edward William (1863) “سمك”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1430-1431
• H5564 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Hijazi Arabic

Root
س م ك
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic سَمَك (samak).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.mak/

Noun

سمك • (samak) m (collective, singulative سمكة f (samak), plural سمكات (samakāt))

1. fish

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سَمَك (samak, “fish”).

Noun

سمك • (semek) (plural سماك (simak))

1. fish, a cold-blooded animal that lives in water

   Synonyms: بالق (balık), حوت (hut), ماهی (mahi)

Descendants

• Turkish: semek

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “semek2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4137
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “semek”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1121
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سمك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 692
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Piscis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 1304
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سمك”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 2673
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سمك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1078

South Levantine Arabic

Root
س م ك
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic سَمَك (samak).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.mak/, [ˈsa.mak]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Noun

سمك • (samak) m (collective, singulative سمكة f (samake), paucal سمكات (samakāt))

1. fish