مر

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
م ر ر (m r r)
12 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mar.ra/

Verb

مَرَّ • (marra) I (non-past يَمُرُّ (yamurru), verbal noun مَرّ (marr) or مُرُور (murūr) or مَمَرّ (mamarr))

1. to pass, to elapse, to go by, to cross
2. to go through(?) (constructed with ب (b))

   فهل تمر بمشاكل كهذه.

   Are you going through problems like this.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of مَرَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, impersonal passive, verbal nouns مَرّ, مُرُور, مَمَرّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						مَرّ, مُرُور, مَمَرّ marr, murūr, mamarr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مَارّ mārr
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَمْرُور mamrūr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مَرَرْتُ marartu	مَرَرْتَ mararta	مَرَّ marra		مَرَرْتُمَا marartumā	مَرَّا marrā		مَرَرْنَا mararnā	مَرَرْتُمْ marartum	مَرُّوا marrū
	f		مَرَرْتِ mararti	مَرَّتْ marrat			مَرَّتَا marratā			مَرَرْتُنَّ marartunna	مَرَرْنَ mararna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَمُرُّ ʔamurru	تَمُرُّ tamurru	يَمُرُّ yamurru		تَمُرَّانِ tamurrāni	يَمُرَّانِ yamurrāni		نَمُرُّ namurru	تَمُرُّونَ tamurrūna	يَمُرُّونَ yamurrūna
	f		تَمُرِّينَ tamurrīna	تَمُرُّ tamurru			تَمُرَّانِ tamurrāni			تَمْرُرْنَ tamrurna	يَمْرُرْنَ yamrurna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَمُرَّ ʔamurra	تَمُرَّ tamurra	يَمُرَّ yamurra		تَمُرَّا tamurrā	يَمُرَّا yamurrā		نَمُرَّ namurra	تَمُرُّوا tamurrū	يَمُرُّوا yamurrū
	f		تَمُرِّي tamurrī	تَمُرَّ tamurra			تَمُرَّا tamurrā			تَمْرُرْنَ tamrurna	يَمْرُرْنَ yamrurna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَمُرَّ, أَمُرِّ, أَمْرُرْ ʔamurra, ʔamurri, ʔamrur	تَمُرَّ, تَمُرِّ, تَمْرُرْ tamurra, tamurri, tamrur	يَمُرَّ, يَمُرِّ, يَمْرُرْ yamurra, yamurri, yamrur		تَمُرَّا tamurrā	يَمُرَّا yamurrā		نَمُرَّ, نَمُرِّ, نَمْرُرْ namurra, namurri, namrur	تَمُرُّوا tamurrū	يَمُرُّوا yamurrū
	f		تَمُرِّي tamurrī	تَمُرَّ, تَمُرِّ, تَمْرُرْ tamurra, tamurri, tamrur			تَمُرَّا tamurrā			تَمْرُرْنَ tamrurna	يَمْرُرْنَ yamrurna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		مُرَّ, مُرِّ, اُمْرُرْ murra, murri, umrur			مُرَّا murrā				مُرُّوا murrū
	f		مُرِّي murrī							اُمْرُرْنَ umrurna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	مُرَّ murra		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُمَرُّ yumarru		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُمَرَّ yumarra		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُمَرَّ, يُمَرِّ, يُمْرَرْ yumarra, yumarri, yumrar		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Derived terms

• مَرَّ مُرُورَ الْكِرَامِ (marra murūra l-kirāmi)

Verb

مَرَّ • (marra) I (first-person singular past مَرِرْتُ (marirtu), non-past يَمَرُّ (yamarru), verbal noun مَرَارَة (marāra))

1. to be bitter

Conjugation

    Conjugation of مَرَّ (I, geminate, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun مَرَارَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						مَرَارَة marāra
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مَرِير marīr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	مَرِرْتُ marirtu	مَرِرْتَ marirta	مَرَّ marra		مَرِرْتُمَا marirtumā	مَرَّا marrā		مَرِرْنَا marirnā	مَرِرْتُمْ marirtum	مَرُّوا marrū
	f		مَرِرْتِ marirti	مَرَّتْ marrat			مَرَّتَا marratā			مَرِرْتُنَّ marirtunna	مَرِرْنَ marirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَمَرُّ ʔamarru	تَمَرُّ tamarru	يَمَرُّ yamarru		تَمَرَّانِ tamarrāni	يَمَرَّانِ yamarrāni		نَمَرُّ namarru	تَمَرُّونَ tamarrūna	يَمَرُّونَ yamarrūna
	f		تَمَرِّينَ tamarrīna	تَمَرُّ tamarru			تَمَرَّانِ tamarrāni			تَمْرَرْنَ tamrarna	يَمْرَرْنَ yamrarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَمَرَّ ʔamarra	تَمَرَّ tamarra	يَمَرَّ yamarra		تَمَرَّا tamarrā	يَمَرَّا yamarrā		نَمَرَّ namarra	تَمَرُّوا tamarrū	يَمَرُّوا yamarrū
	f		تَمَرِّي tamarrī	تَمَرَّ tamarra			تَمَرَّا tamarrā			تَمْرَرْنَ tamrarna	يَمْرَرْنَ yamrarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَمَرَّ, أَمَرِّ, أَمْرَرْ ʔamarra, ʔamarri, ʔamrar	تَمَرَّ, تَمَرِّ, تَمْرَرْ tamarra, tamarri, tamrar	يَمَرَّ, يَمَرِّ, يَمْرَرْ yamarra, yamarri, yamrar		تَمَرَّا tamarrā	يَمَرَّا yamarrā		نَمَرَّ, نَمَرِّ, نَمْرَرْ namarra, namarri, namrar	تَمَرُّوا tamarrū	يَمَرُّوا yamarrū
	f		تَمَرِّي tamarrī	تَمَرَّ, تَمَرِّ, تَمْرَرْ tamarra, tamarri, tamrar			تَمَرَّا tamarrā			تَمْرَرْنَ tamrarna	يَمْرَرْنَ yamrarna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		مَرَّ, مَرِّ, اِمْرَرْ marra, marri, imrar			مَرَّا marrā				مَرُّوا marrū
	f		مَرِّي marrī							اِمْرَرْنَ imrarna

Noun

مَرّ • (marr) m

1. passing, passage, going by, transit

Declension

Declension of noun مَرّ (marr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرّ marr	الْمَرّ al-marr	مَرّ marr
Nominative	مَرٌّ marrun	الْمَرُّ al-marru	مَرُّ marru
Accusative	مَرًّا marran	الْمَرَّ al-marra	مَرَّ marra
Genitive	مَرٍّ marrin	الْمَرِّ al-marri	مَرِّ marri

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Aramaic מרא / ܡܪܐ (marrā, “shovel”), from Akkadian 𒄑𒈥 (GEŠ-MAR /⁠marru⁠/).

.

Noun

مَرّ • (marr) m (plural مُرُور (murūr))

1. shovel, spade

Declension

Declension of noun مَرّ (marr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرّ marr	الْمَرّ al-marr	مَرّ marr
Nominative	مَرٌّ marrun	الْمَرُّ al-marru	مَرُّ marru
Accusative	مَرًّا marran	الْمَرَّ al-marra	مَرَّ marra
Genitive	مَرٍّ marrin	الْمَرِّ al-marri	مَرِّ marri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَرَّيْن marrayn	الْمَرَّيْن al-marrayn	مَرَّيْ marray
Nominative	مَرَّانِ marrāni	الْمَرَّانِ al-marrāni	مَرَّا marrā
Accusative	مَرَّيْنِ marrayni	الْمَرَّيْنِ al-marrayni	مَرَّيْ marray
Genitive	مَرَّيْنِ marrayni	الْمَرَّيْنِ al-marrayni	مَرَّيْ marray
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُرُور murūr	الْمُرُور al-murūr	مُرُور murūr
Nominative	مُرُورٌ murūrun	الْمُرُورُ al-murūru	مُرُورُ murūru
Accusative	مُرُورًا murūran	الْمُرُورَ al-murūra	مُرُورَ murūra
Genitive	مُرُورٍ murūrin	الْمُرُورِ al-murūri	مُرُورِ murūri

Etymology 3

Compare Hebrew מַר (mar), Classical Syriac ܡܪܝܪܐ (marrīrā), Akkadian 𒋀 (marru), and Ugaritic 𐎎𐎗 (mr).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

مُرّ • (murr) (feminine مُرَّة (murra), masculine plural أَمْرَار (ʔamrār), feminine plural مَرَائِر (marāʔir), elative أَمَرّ (ʔamarr))

1. bitter
2. severe
3. sharp
4. painful

Declension

Declension of adjective مُرّ (murr)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُرّ murr	الْمُرّ al-murr	مُرَّة murra	الْمُرَّة al-murra
Nominative	مُرٌّ murrun	الْمُرُّ al-murru	مُرَّةٌ murratun	الْمُرَّةُ al-murratu
Accusative	مُرًّا murran	الْمُرَّ al-murra	مُرَّةً murratan	الْمُرَّةَ al-murrata
Genitive	مُرٍّ murrin	الْمُرِّ al-murri	مُرَّةٍ murratin	الْمُرَّةِ al-murrati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُرَّيْن murrayn	الْمُرَّيْن al-murrayn	مُرَّتَيْن murratayn	الْمُرَّتَيْن al-murratayn
Nominative	مُرَّانِ murrāni	الْمُرَّانِ al-murrāni	مُرَّتَانِ murratāni	الْمُرَّتَانِ al-murratāni
Accusative	مُرَّيْنِ murrayni	الْمُرَّيْنِ al-murrayni	مُرَّتَيْنِ murratayni	الْمُرَّتَيْنِ al-murratayni
Genitive	مُرَّيْنِ murrayni	الْمُرَّيْنِ al-murrayni	مُرَّتَيْنِ murratayni	الْمُرَّتَيْنِ al-murratayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	basic broken plural triptote		basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	أَمْرَار ʔamrār	الْأَمْرَار al-ʔamrār	مَرَائِر marāʔir	الْمَرَائِر al-marāʔir
Nominative	أَمْرَارٌ ʔamrārun	الْأَمْرَارُ al-ʔamrāru	مَرَائِرُ marāʔiru	الْمَرَائِرُ al-marāʔiru
Accusative	أَمْرَارًا ʔamrāran	الْأَمْرَارَ al-ʔamrāra	مَرَائِرَ marāʔira	الْمَرَائِرَ al-marāʔira
Genitive	أَمْرَارٍ ʔamrārin	الْأَمْرَارِ al-ʔamrāri	مَرَائِرَ marāʔira	الْمَرَائِرِ al-marāʔiri

Descendants

• Maltese: morr
• → Azerbaijani: mürr
• → Ottoman Turkish: مر (murr)
  • →⇒ Armenian: մռու (mṙu)
• → Persian: مر (morr)

Noun

مُرّ • (murr) m (plural أَمْرَار (ʔamrār))

1. myrrh, the dried sap of Commiphora myrrha

Declension

Declension of noun مُرّ (murr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُرّ murr	الْمُرّ al-murr	مُرّ murr
Nominative	مُرٌّ murrun	الْمُرُّ al-murru	مُرُّ murru
Accusative	مُرًّا murran	الْمُرَّ al-murra	مُرَّ murra
Genitive	مُرٍّ murrin	الْمُرِّ al-murri	مُرِّ murri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُرَّيْن murrayn	الْمُرَّيْن al-murrayn	مُرَّيْ murray
Nominative	مُرَّانِ murrāni	الْمُرَّانِ al-murrāni	مُرَّا murrā
Accusative	مُرَّيْنِ murrayni	الْمُرَّيْنِ al-murrayni	مُرَّيْ murray
Genitive	مُرَّيْنِ murrayni	الْمُرَّيْنِ al-murrayni	مُرَّيْ murray
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَمْرَار ʔamrār	الْأَمْرَار al-ʔamrār	أَمْرَار ʔamrār
Nominative	أَمْرَارٌ ʔamrārun	الْأَمْرَارُ al-ʔamrāru	أَمْرَارُ ʔamrāru
Accusative	أَمْرَارًا ʔamrāran	الْأَمْرَارَ al-ʔamrāra	أَمْرَارَ ʔamrāra
Genitive	أَمْرَارٍ ʔamrārin	الْأَمْرَارِ al-ʔamrāri	أَمْرَارِ ʔamrāri

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: մուռ (muṙ)

Noun

مُرّ • (murr) m (collective, singulative مُرَّة f (murra))

1. myrrh, the plant Commiphora myrrha
2. (obsolete) dandelion (Taraxacum officinale sensu lato)

Declension

Declension of noun مُرّ (murr)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُرّ murr	الْمُرّ al-murr	مُرّ murr
Nominative	مُرٌّ murrun	الْمُرُّ al-murru	مُرُّ murru
Accusative	مُرًّا murran	الْمُرَّ al-murra	مُرَّ murra
Genitive	مُرٍّ murrin	الْمُرِّ al-murri	مُرِّ murri
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُرَّة murra	الْمُرَّة al-murra	مُرَّة murrat
Nominative	مُرَّةٌ murratun	الْمُرَّةُ al-murratu	مُرَّةُ murratu
Accusative	مُرَّةً murratan	الْمُرَّةَ al-murrata	مُرَّةَ murrata
Genitive	مُرَّةٍ murratin	الْمُرَّةِ al-murrati	مُرَّةِ murrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُرَّتَيْن murratayn	الْمُرَّتَيْن al-murratayn	مُرَّتَيْ murratay
Nominative	مُرَّتَانِ murratāni	الْمُرَّتَانِ al-murratāni	مُرَّتَا murratā
Accusative	مُرَّتَيْنِ murratayni	الْمُرَّتَيْنِ al-murratayni	مُرَّتَيْ murratay
Genitive	مُرَّتَيْنِ murratayni	الْمُرَّتَيْنِ al-murratayni	مُرَّتَيْ murratay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُرَّات murrāt	الْمُرَّات al-murrāt	مُرَّات murrāt
Nominative	مُرَّاتٌ murrātun	الْمُرَّاتُ al-murrātu	مُرَّاتُ murrātu
Accusative	مُرَّاتٍ murrātin	الْمُرَّاتِ al-murrāti	مُرَّاتِ murrāti
Genitive	مُرَّاتٍ murrātin	الْمُرَّاتِ al-murrāti	مُرَّاتِ murrāti

Etymology 4

Verb

مر (form I)

1. مُرْ (mur) /mur/: second-person masculine singular imperative of أَمَرَ (ʔamara, “to to command”), أَمَرَ (ʔamara, “to become an emir”), and أَمُرَ (ʔamura, “to become an emir”)
2. مَرْ (mar) /mar/: second-person masculine singular imperative of أَمِرَ (ʔamira, “to become an emir”) and أَمِرَ (ʔamira, “to grow, to become abundant; to become wealthy”)

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “مر”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 576
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 86
• Kaufman, Stephen A. (1974) The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic (The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Assyriological Studies; 19)‎^[2], Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 70
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “مر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2699 seqq.
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “مر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[4], London: W.H. Allen, pages 979–980
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “مر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 1056 seqq.
• Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 41

Central Kurdish

Noun

مر (mir)

1. hen

Derived terms

• مامر (mamir)
• مراوی (mrawî)
• مریشک (mrîşk)

Gilaki

Noun

مر (mar)

1. mother

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic مُرّ (murr).

Adjective

مر • (murr, mürr)

1. bitter

Descendants

• →⇒ Armenian: մռու (mṙu)

Noun

مر • (murr, mürr)

1. bitterness
2. myrrh

Descendants

• →? Armenian: մուռ (muṙ)

Further reading

• Karapetean, Petros Zēkʻi (1912) “مر”, in Mec baṙaran ōsmanerēnē hayerēn, Constantinople: Aršak Karōean, page 776b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[5], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1143b
• Pōzačean, Yakovbos (1841) “միւրր”, in Hamaṙōt baṙaran i tačkakanē i hay‎^[6], Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 648a

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (ml /⁠mar⁠/, “number; account; class”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [maɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mäɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mäɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mæɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mäɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	mar
Dari reading?	mar
Iranian reading?	mar
Tajik reading?	mar

Particle

مر • (mar) (obsolete)

1. Occurs before a word or phrase followed by را (râ), the accusative-dative-genitive marker. [rare after 12th c.]

   مرین مرد را گفتم. (obsolete)

   mar īn mard rā guftam.

   I told this man.

   • c. 1080, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, “Qaṣīda 4”, in دیوان ناصرخسرو‎^[7]:

     سلام کن ز من ای باد مر خراسان را
     مر اهل فضل و خرد را نه عام نادان را

     salām kun zi man ay bād mar xurāsān rā
     mar ahl-i fazl u xirad rā na āmm-i nādān rā

     O wind, send my greetings to Khurāsān,
     To its wise and excellent men, not to the ignorant masses.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

   1. Used redundantly with را, with no additional meaning.
   2. that very, only; used with a restrictive sense.
   3. Used to denote that را is being used for an indirect object, especially in later usage when را became increasingly associated with the direct object.
2. In later texts, sometimes used without را simply for archaic effect, without any semantic meaning.
3. number, amount, quantity, limit
   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 75:

     بمن همیشه جفا گر کنی نمی‌رنجم
     که دیده‌ام ز تو الطاف بی حد و بی مر

     ba-man hamēša jafā gar kunī na-mē-ranjam
     ki dīda'am zi tu altāf-i bē hadd u bē mar

     Though you always torment me, I am not vexed,
     For I have seen favors from you beyond count and limit.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic مُرّ (murr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [muɾɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊɾ(ː)]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mʊɾ(ː)]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mʊɾ(ː)]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [muɾ(ː)]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [moɹ(ː)]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [muɾ(ː)]

Readings
Classical reading?	murr
Dari reading?	murr
Iranian reading?	morr
Tajik reading?	murr

Noun

مر • (morr)

1. myrrh

Adjective

مر • (morr)

1. (archaic, rare) bitter

   Synonym: تلخ (talx)

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی, volume I, verse 344:

     گفت ای شه گوش و دستم را ببر
     بینی‌‌ام بشکاف و لب در حکم مر

     guft ay šah gūš u dast-am rā biburr
     bīnī-am biškāf u lab dar hukm-i murr

     “O king,” said he, “cut off my ears and hands, rip my nose and lips by bitter [cruel] decree.”

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /moɾ/

Noun

مر • (mor)

1. (Herati) Dialectal form of مار (mâr, “snake”)

References

• Agnès Lenepveu-Hotz (2018) “Specialization of an ancient object marker in the New Persian of the fifteenth century”, in Alireza Korangy, Corey Miller, editors, Trends in Iranian and Persian Linguistics, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, →ISBN, pages 81–101

Punjabi

Verb

مَر • (mar)

1. inflection of مَرݨا (marṇā, “to die; die for”):
   1. stem
   2. second-person singular familiar imperative

South Levantine Arabic

Root
م ر ر
3 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic مَرَّ (marra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /marr/, [mɑrˤ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

مرّ • (marr) I (present بمرّ (bimorr))

1. to pass, to pass by
2. to undergo

Conjugation

Conjugation of مرّ (marr)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	مرّيت (marrēt)	مرّيت (marrēt)	مرّ (marr)		مرّينا (marrēna)	مرّيتو (marrētu)	مرّو (marru)
	f		مرّيتي (marrēti)	مرّت (marrat)
present	m	بمرّ (bamorr)	بتمرّ (bitmorr)	بمرّ (bimorr)		منمرّ (minmorr)	بتمرّو (bitmorru)	بمرّو (bimorru)
	f		بتمرّي (bitmorri)	بتمرّ (bitmorr)
subjunctive	m	امرّ (amorr)	تمرّ (tmorr)	يمرّ (ymorr)		نمرّ (nmorr)	تمرّو (tmorru)	يمرّو (ymorru)
	f		تمرّي (tmorri)	تمرّ (tmorr)
imperative	m		مرّ (morr)				مرّو (morru)
	f		مرّي (morri)

Etymology 2

From Arabic مُرّ (murr).

Adjective

مرّ • (murr) (feminine مرّة (murra))

1. bitter