喬

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See also: 乔
喬 U+55AC, 喬
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55AC
← 喫
[U+55AB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 喭 →
[U+55AD]

Translingual

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Han character

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喬 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹大口月口 (HKRBR), four-corner 20227, composition ⿱⿵夭口冋)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 200, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3990
  • Dae Jaweon: page 422, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 656, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+55AC

Chinese

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Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 喬
Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (喬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
驕 *krew
嬌 *krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew
憍 *krew, *kʰrew
穚 *krew
鷮 *krew, *ɡrew
蕎 *krew, *ɡrew
喬 *krew, *ɡrew
簥 *krew
撟 *krew, *krewʔ
矯 *krewʔ
鱎 *krewʔ
敽 *krewʔ
蟜 *krewʔ, *ɡrew
譑 *krewʔ, *kʰews
蹻 *krewʔ, *kʰew, *ɡrew, *kewɢ, *ɡewɢ
繑 *kʰew
鞽 *kʰrew
趫 *kʰrew, *ɡrew
嘺 *ɡew
橋 *ɡrew
僑 *ɡrew
鐈 *ɡrew
毊 *ɡrew, *qʰrew
轎 *ɡrew, *ɡrews
嶠 *ɡrews
獢 *qʰrew
屩 *kewɢ

Ideogram (指事) – a differentiated form (分化字) of 高 (OC *kaːw, “high, tall”), with a differentiating marker, which was variously a stroke, 屮, 止, 力, 九, or 夭.

Based on the 夭 form, only attested starting from the Han dynasty (Chi, 2010), Shuowen erroneously interprets 夭 as a semantic component meaning “to bend” and treats the character as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) .

Etymology 1

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trad. 喬
simp. 乔
alternative forms 𠳮

Cognate with 憍 (OC *krew, “to lift the head”), 驕 (OC *krew, “proud”), 撟 (OC *krewʔ, “to lift”), 嶠 (OC *ɡrews, “peak”); 高 (OC *kaːw, “high; tall”) and 蹻 (OC *krewʔ, “martial; vigorous”) could be allofams (Schuessler, 2007).

Sagart (2017b) compares this word to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “to elevate; to exalt; to increase”) and Jingpho shagrau (“to exalt”). He also considers 鷮 (OC *krew, *ɡrew, “a kind of pheasant (with a long tail and feathers used for ornaments)”) to be related, comparing it to Tibetan སྒྲོ (sgro, “large feather”), which he suggests is derived from the verb.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 喬 喬
Reading # 2/2 1/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 宵 (92) 宵 (92)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 巨嬌切 舉喬切
Baxter gjew kjew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡˠiᴇu/ /kˠiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡᵚiɛu/ /kᵚiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡiæu/ /kiæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/giaw/ /kiaw/
Li
Rong 		/ɡjɛu/ /kjɛu/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭɛu/ /kĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/gi̯ɛu/ /ki̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qiáo jiāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		kiu4 giu1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 喬
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qiáo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ gjew ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[N-k](r)aw/
English high, tall

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 喬 喬
Reading # 2/2 1/2
No. 10350 10332
Phonetic
component 		喬 喬
Rime
group 		宵 宵
Rime
subdivision 		2 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		喬 驕
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡrew/ /*krew/

Definitions

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喬

  1. tall; lofty
  2. † section on the shaft of a spear near the spearhead for hanging a feather
  3. a surname

Etymology 2

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trad. 喬
simp. 乔

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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喬

  1. to pretend; to feign; to disguise
  2. (archaic, derogatory) bad; vile; crafty; fake; stupid; cowardly; useless
  3. (archaic) headstrong and easily angered

Etymology 3

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trad. 喬
simp. 乔

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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喬

  1. † Alternative form of 驕／骄 (jiāo, “proud; arrogant”)

Etymology 4

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trad. 喬
simp. 乔

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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喬

  1. Only used in 喬詰／乔诘.

Etymology 5

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trad. 喬
simp. 乔
alternative forms 挾／挟
蹻／跷

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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喬

  1. (Hokkien) to make things difficult for

Etymology 6

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trad. 喬
simp. 乔

Originally Hokkien 撨 (chhiâu).

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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喬

  1. (Hokkien, Taiwanese Mandarin) to discuss; to negotiate; to coordinate

Etymology 7

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trad. 喬
simp. 乔

Transliteration of English names. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “is the orthography influenced by Shanghainese?”)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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喬

  1. Joe (English given name)
    喬·拜登／乔·拜登  ―  Qiáo Bàidēng  ―  Joe Biden
  2. Joel (English given name)

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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喬

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. high
  2. boasting

Readings

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  • Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
  • Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
  • Kun: たかい (takai, 喬い)

Korean

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Hanja

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喬 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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喬: Hán Nôm readings: kiều

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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