曲がる
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Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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曲 |
ま Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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曲る (uncommon) |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]
Derived most likely from classical verb 曲ぐ (magu), via fusion of intransitive element -aru.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Needs expansion: refs, defdates, etc.”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「曲がる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
曲がる | まがる | [màgárú] |
Imperative (命令形) | 曲がれ | まがれ | [màgáré] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 曲がられる | まがられる | [màgárárérú] |
Causative | 曲がらせる | まがらせる | [màgárásérú] |
Potential | 曲がれる | まがれる | [màgárérú] |
Volitional | 曲がろう | まがろー | [màgáróꜜò] |
Negative | 曲がらない | まがらない | [màgáránáí] |
Negative perfective | 曲がらなかった | まがらなかった | [màgáránáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 曲がります | まがります | [màgárímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 曲がった | まがった | [màgáttá] |
Conjunctive | 曲がって | まがって | [màgátté] |
Hypothetical conditional | 曲がれば | まがれば | [màgáréꜜbà] |
Verb
[edit]曲がる • (magaru) intransitive godan (stem 曲がり (magari), past 曲がった (magatta))
Japanese verb pair | |
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active | 曲げる |
mediopassive | 曲がる |
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "曲がる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 曲がら | まがら | magara |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 曲がり | まがり | magari |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 曲がる | まがる | magaru |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 曲がる | まがる | magaru |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 曲がれ | まがれ | magare |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 曲がれ | まがれ | magare |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 曲がられる | まがられる | magarareru |
Causative | 曲がらせる 曲がらす |
まがらせる まがらす |
magaraseru magarasu |
Potential | 曲がれる | まがれる | magareru |
Volitional | 曲がろう | まがろう | magarō |
Negative | 曲がらない | まがらない | magaranai |
Negative continuative | 曲がらず | まがらず | magarazu |
Formal | 曲がります | まがります | magarimasu |
Perfective | 曲がった | まがった | magatta |
Conjunctive | 曲がって | まがって | magatte |
Hypothetical conditional | 曲がれば | まがれば | magareba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 曲がら | まがら | magara |
Continuative (連用形) | 曲がり | まがり | magari |
Terminal (終止形) | 曲がる | まがる | magaru |
Attributive (連体形) | 曲がる | まがる | magaru |
Realis (已然形) | 曲がれ | まがれ | magare |
Imperative (命令形) | 曲がれ | まがれ | magare |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 曲がらず | まがらず | magarazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 曲がれど | まがれど | magaredo |
Causal conjunction | 曲がれば | まがれば | magareba |
Conditional conjunction | 曲がらば | まがらば | magaraba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 曲がりき | まがりき | magariki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 曲がりけり | まがりけり | magarikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 曲がりつ | まがりつ | magaritu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 曲がりぬ | まがりぬ | magarinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 曲がれり 曲がりたり |
まがれり まがりたり |
magareri magaritari |
Volitional | 曲がらむ | まがらむ | magaramu |
Related terms
[edit]- 曲げる (mageru)
References
[edit]- ^ “曲”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 曲 read as ま
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples