破膽

Chinese

		to break; to split; broken to break; to split; broken; damaged; worn out	the gall; the nerve; courage the gall; the nerve; courage; guts; gall bladder
trad. (破膽)		破	膽
simp. (破胆)		破	胆

Pronunciation

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pua⁴ dor³ / pua⁴ dorⁿ³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phòa-táⁿ

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• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: pua⁴ dor³ [Phonetic: pua¹ lor³]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰua⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)lɒ⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: pua⁴ dorⁿ³ [Phonetic: pua¹ dorⁿ³]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰua⁴²⁻⁵⁵ tɒ̃³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòa-táⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: phuà-tánn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoardvar
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tã⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰua²¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰua¹¹⁻⁵³ tã⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰua²¹⁻⁴¹ tã⁴¹/

Adjective

破膽

1. (Southern Min, Puxian Min) smitten with fear; terror-stricken (usually used after a verb)

Synonyms

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• 喪膽／丧胆 (sàngdǎn)
• 小膽／小胆 (Hokkien)
• 怯懦 (qiènuò)
• 慄膽／栗胆 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 懦弱 (nuòruò)
• 懾膽／慑胆 (Hokkien)
• 熊 (xióng) (colloquial)
• 細膽／细胆 (sai³ daam²) (Cantonese)
• 羞怯 (xiūqiè)
• 膽小／胆小 (dǎnxiǎo)
• 膽怯／胆怯 (dǎnqiè)
• 膽細／胆细 (Hokkien)
• 荏弱 (rěnruò)
• 軟弱／软弱 (ruǎnruò)
• 雀囝膽／雀囝胆 (Puxian Min)
• 鳥囝膽／鸟囝胆 (Puxian Min)
• 鳥膽／鸟胆 (Puxian Min)

 

References

• 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “破胆”, in 莆仙方言大词典 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 452.