終身

See also: 终身

Chinese

		end; finish	body; torso; person body; torso; person; life; status; pregnancy; (a measure word used for clothes) suit
trad. (終身)		終	身
simp. (终身)		终	身

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhōngshēn

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ ㄕㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹ san¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûng-sṳ̂n
• Eastern Min (BUC): cṳ̆ng-sĭng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chiong-sin

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zong¹ sing¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōngshēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄕㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhongshen
    • Wade–Giles: chung¹-shên¹
    • Yale: jūng-shēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jongshen
    • Palladius: чжуншэнь (čžunšɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zung¹ san¹
    • Yale: jūng sān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹ san¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung¹ sen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng-sṳ̂n
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˊ siin^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹ sin¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sɨn²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̆ng-sĭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syŋ⁵⁵ ^(s-)niŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiong-sin
    • Tâi-lô: tsiong-sin
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciongsyn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔŋ³³ sin³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zong¹ sing¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsong sing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ³³⁻²³ siŋ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyuwng syin

Rime
Character	終	身
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	職戎切	失人切
Baxter	tsyuwng	syin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨuŋ/	/ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiuŋ/	/ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiuŋ/	/ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuwŋ/	/ɕin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuŋ/	/ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuŋ/	/ɕĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uŋ/	/ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng	shēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung1	san1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tuŋ  n̥i[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋ  qʰjin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	終	身
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōng	shēn
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuwng ›	‹ syin ›
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/	/*n̥i[ŋ]/
English	end	body; self
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	終	身
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	2428	11247
Phonetic component	冬	身
Rime group	終	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	終	申
Old Chinese	/*tjuŋ/	/*qʰjin/
Notes		甲金文象人鼓其腹， 表其身有孕，非申聲

Noun

終身

1. all one's life; one's lifetime

   終身教育／终身教育  ―  zhōngshēn jiàoyù  ―  lifelong education

   終身職位／终身职位  ―  zhōngshēn zhíwèi  ―  tenure

   • 大夫廢其事，終身不仕，死以士禮葬之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     大夫废其事，终身不仕，死以士礼葬之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Dàfū fèi qí shì, zhōngshēn bùshì, sǐ yǐ shì lǐ zàng zhī. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

edit

• 一世 (yīshì)
• 一生 (yīshēng)
• 一生一世 (yīshēngyīshì)
• 一輩子／一辈子 (yībèizi) (colloquial)
• 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 平生 (píngshēng)
• 永世 (yǒngshì)
• 永生 (yǒngshēng)
• 沒世／没世 (mòshì)
• 生平 (shēngpíng)
• 畢生／毕生 (bìshēng)
• 終生／终生 (zhōngshēng)
• 輩／辈 (bèi)
• 輩子／辈子 (bèizi)

 

Derived terms

• 終身制／终身制
• 終身大事／终身大事 (zhōngshēndàshì)
• 終身監禁／终身监禁 (zhōngshēn jiānjìn)
• 託付終身／托付终身 (tuōfù zhōngshēn)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (終身):

• → Japanese: 終身(しゅうしん) (shūshin)
• → Korean: 종신(終身) (jongsin)
• → Vietnamese: chung thân (終身)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
終	身
しゅう Grade: 3	しん Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しゅうしん [shúꜜùshìǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) しゅうしん [shùúshíń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨːɕĩɴ]

Noun

終(しゅう)身(しん) • (shūshin) 

1. a lifetime, a whole life

   終身(しゅうしん)雇用(こよう)の廃止(はいし)

   shūshin koyō no haishi

   abolition of lifetime employment