違

See also: 违

違	U+9055, 違 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9055

← 達
[U+9054]

CJK Unified Ideographs

遖 →
[U+9056]

Translingual

Han character

違 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Japanese, 12 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 卜木一手 (YDMQ), four-corner 3430₄, composition ⿺辶韋)

Derived characters

𮉏

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1262, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39067
Dae Jaweon: page 1756, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3868, character 4
Unihan data for U+9055

Chinese

trad.		違
simp.		违

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (韋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
禕	*qral
郼	*qʷɯl
褘	*qʰʷɯl
諱	*qʰʷɯls
媁	qʷɯl, ɢʷɯlʔ
幃	*ɢʷɯl
違	*ɢʷɯl
圍	ɢʷɯl, ɢʷɯls
韋	*ɢʷɯl
闈	*ɢʷɯl
湋	*ɢʷɯl
鍏	ɢʷɯl, ɢʷɯlʔ
潿	*ɢɯl
韙	*ɢʷɯlʔ
煒	*ɢʷɯlʔ
暐	*ɢʷɯlʔ
偉	*ɢʷɯlʔ
瑋	*ɢʷɯlʔ
葦	*ɢʷɯlʔ
椲	*ɢʷɯlʔ
韡	*ɢʷɯlʔ
愇	*ɢʷɯlʔ
緯	*ɢʷɯls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯl) : semantic 辶 + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wéi (wei²)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei²
Cantonese (Jyutping): wai⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ûi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ui⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wéi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wéi
  - Wade–Giles: wei²
  - Yale: wéi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wei
  - Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wei²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uei²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wai⁴
  - Yale: wàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐi̯²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi
  - Tâi-lô: uî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ui²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ui²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ui²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ui⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ûi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ui⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: hjw+j

Rime
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	雨非切
Baxter	hjw+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉi/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɨi/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuəi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuj/
Li Rong	/ɣiuəi/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwəi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/we̯i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wéi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wéi
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwɨj ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[j]/
English	go against
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	違
Reading #	1/1
No.	12815
Phonetic component	韋
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	幃
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯl/

Definitions

違

to disobey, to violate
違規／违规 ― wéiguī ― to violate regulations
- 孝子之養老也，樂其心不違其志。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  孝子之养老也，乐其心不违其志。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE
  Xiàozǐ zhī yǎnglǎo yě, lè qí xīn bù wéi qí zhì. [Pinyin]
  A filial son, in nourishing his aged, (seeks to) make their hearts glad, and not to go against their wishes.
^† to leave; to depart; to go away from
- 何斯違斯，莫敢遑息？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  何斯违斯，莫敢遑息？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Hé sī wéi sī, mò gǎn huáng xī? [Pinyin]
  How was it he went away from this, not daring to take a little rest?
^† to be separated by (a distance of); to be apart by
^† to dodge; to avoid

Compounds

References

“違”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	違
Kyūjitai ^[1]	違󠄂 違+`󠄂`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	違󠄅 違+`󠄅`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

違

(Jōyō kanji)

to differ, to vary
to be incorrect, to make a mistake
to run counter to, to go against, to defy

Readings

Go-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kun: ちがう (chigau, 違う, Jōyō)^{←ちがふ (tigafu, 違ふ, historical)}、ちがえる (chigaeru, 違える, Jōyō)、さる (saru, 違る)、そむく (somuku, 違く)、たがう (tagau, 違う)^{←たがふ (tagafu, 違ふ, historical)}、よこしま (yokoshima, 違)

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
違
い Grade: S
on'yomi

/wi/ → /i/

From Middle Chinese 違 (MC hjw+j).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [i]

Affix

違(い) • (i) ^{←ゐ (wi)^?}

differ; vary
go against; run counter to; disobey

Derived terms

References

^ “違”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

Hanja

違 • (wi) (hangeul 위, revised wi, McCune–Reischauer wi, Yale wi)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

違: Hán Nôm readings: vi

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] “違”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

[1]