궂다

Jeju

Etymology

Cognate with Korean 궂다 (gutda).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kut̚t͈a̠/

Adjective

궂다 (gutda)

1. to be bad
2. to be disgusting, unpleasant
3. to be irksome

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 궂다〮 (Yale: kwùc-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kut̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [굳따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	gutda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	gujda
McCune–Reischauer?	kutta
Yale Romanization?	kwucta

Adjective

궂다 • (gutda) (infinitive 궂어, sequential 궂으니)

1. (of weather) to be bad
2. to be bad, upset
3. (North Korea) to be rough, severe

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 궂다 (gutda): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	궂다 gutda	궂어 gujeo	궂어요 gujeoyo	궂습니다 gutseumnida
	Past	궂었다 gujeotda	궂었어 gujeosseo	궂었어요 gujeosseoyo	궂었습니다 gujeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	궂으냐 gujeunya	궂어 gujeo	궂어요 gujeoyo	궂습니까 gutseumnikka
	Past	궂었냐 gujeonnya	궂었어 gujeosseo	궂었어요 gujeosseoyo	궂었습니까 gujeotseumnikka
Assertive		궂겠다 gutgetda	궂겠어 gutgesseo	궂겠어요 gutgesseoyo	궂겠습니다 gutgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		궂어 gujeo	궂어서 gujeoseo	궂으니 gujeuni	궂으니까 gujeunikka
Contrast		궂지만 gutjiman	궂은데 gujeunde	궂더니 gutdeoni
Conjunction		궂고 gutgo
Condition		궂으면 gujeumyeon	궂어야 gujeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		궂음 gujeum	궂기 gutgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		궂었음 gujeosseum	궂었기 gujeotgi
Determiners	Present		궂은 gujeun
	Future		궂을 gujeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	궂으시다 gujeusida	궂으셔 gujeusyeo	궂으세요, 궂으셔요 gujeuseyo, gujeusyeoyo	궂으십니다 gujeusimnida
	Past	궂으셨다 gujeusyeotda	궂으셨어 gujeusyeosseo	궂으셨어요 gujeusyeosseoyo	궂으셨습니다 gujeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	궂으시냐 gujeusinya	궂으셔 gujeusyeo	궂으세요, 궂으셔요 gujeuseyo, gujeusyeoyo	궂으십니까 gujeusimnikka
	Past	궂으셨냐 gujeusyeonnya	궂으셨어 gujeusyeosseo	궂으셨어요 gujeusyeosseoyo	궂으셨습니까 gujeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive		궂으시겠다 gujeusigetda	궂으시겠어 gujeusigesseo	궂으시겠어요 gujeusigesseoyo	궂으시겠습니다 gujeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		궂으셔 gujeusyeo	궂으셔서 gujeusyeoseo	궂으시니 gujeusini	궂으시니까 gujeusinikka
Contrast		궂으시지만 gujeusijiman	궂으신데 gujeusinde	궂으시더니 gujeusideoni
Conjunction		궂으시고 gujeusigo
Condition		궂으시면 gujeusimyeon	궂으셔야 gujeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		궂으심 gujeusim	궂으시기 gujeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		궂으셨음 gujeusyeosseum	궂으셨기 gujeusyeotgi
Determiners	Present		궂으신 gujeusin
	Future		궂으실 gujeusil