Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pelti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

• Per Derksen, conceivably connected with Ancient Greek πάλλω (pállō, “to sway, to swing”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁-, but perhaps more plausibly connected with *pèlva (“chaff”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelH-u-, from *pelH-, cognate with Sanskrit पलाव (palā́va, “chaff, husks”). Compare *pālìti.
• Vasmer also connects this verb with *pèlva (“chaff”), but gives different cognates: Lithuanian spãliai (“linen flax”), Latvian spil̃va (“husk”), Latin spolium (“hide stripped off an animal, prey”), Ancient Greek ἄσπαλον (áspalon, “hide”) (Hesychius), σπόλια (spólia, “clean-plucked wool from sheep's legs”) (Hesychius), Sanskrit फलति (phálati, “to burst”), स्फटति (spháṭati, “to tear”), स्फाटयति (sphāṭáyati, “to split”), Old High German spaltan (“to split”), German spalten (“to split”).

Verb

*pèlti impf

1. to weed

Inflection

In East and West Slavic, the present these has a j-suffix.

Conjugation of *pelti, *pel, *peľetь (impf., -C/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*peltьje	*pelti	*peltъ	*pellъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*peltъ	*peľemъ
Active	*pelvъ	*peľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pelsъ	*pel	*pel	*peľǫ	*peľeši	*peľetь
Dual	*pelsově	*pelsta	*pelste	*peľevě	*peľeta	*peľete
Plural	*pelsomъ	*pelste	*pelsę	*peľemъ	*peľete	*peľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*peľaaxъ	*peľaaše	*peľaaše	—	*peľi	*peľi
Dual	*peľaaxově	*peľaašeta	*peľaašete	*peľivě	*peľita	—
Plural	*peľaaxomъ	*peľaašete	*peľaaxǫ	*peľimъ	*peľite	—

Notes:
• (*)*peljenъ is doublet of past passive participle

In South Slavic, including Old Church Slavonic, a v-suffix appears instead.

Conjugation of *pelti, *pel, *pelvetь (impf., -unknown-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*peltьje	*pelti	*peltъ	*pellъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*peltъ	*pelvomъ
Active	*pelvъ	*pelvy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pelsъ	*pel	*pel	*pelvǫ	*pelveši	*pelvetь
Dual	*pelsově	*pelsta	*pelste	*pelvevě	*pelveta	*pelvete
Plural	*pelsomъ	*pelste	*pelsę	*pelvemъ	*pelvete	*pelvǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pelěaxъ	*pelěaše	*pelěaše	—	*pelvi	*pelvi
Dual	*pelěaxově	*pelěašeta	*pelěašete	*pelvěvě	*pelvěta	—
Plural	*pelěaxomъ	*pelěašete	*pelěaxǫ	*pelvěmъ	*pelvěte	—

Notes:
• (*)*pelvenъ is doublet of past passive participle

The accent paradigm is unclear; sources variously posit a, b or c. The infinitive stem follows AP a, but the j-present cannot have an acute on the stem because it has a short vowel, so AP a is only possible in the v-stem variant, which has a liquid diphthong.

Related terms

• *pèlva (“chaff”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: пало́ць (palócʹ)
  • Russian: поло́ть (polótʹ)
  • Ukrainian: поло́ти (polóty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: плѣвома (plěvoma, fem. nom. sg. pres. pass. part.)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: плевя́ (plevjá)
  • Macedonian: плеви (plevi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: пље̏ти

    Latin script: pljȅti

  • Slovene: plẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: plít
  • Polish: pleć
  • Slovak: pleť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: plěć
    • Lower Sorbian: plaś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “поло́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress