Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rysь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*rỳsь

Alternative reconstructions

• *rỳsъ

Etymology

From earlier *lỳsь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lū́ˀśis, from Proto-Indo-European *lúHḱis, from *lewk-.

Cognate with Lithuanian lūšis, Latvian lūsis and Old Prussian luysis. Further Indo-European cognates are Ancient Greek λύγξ (lúnx), Old Armenian լուսանունք pl (lusanunkʻ), German Luchs and Old English lox. Note the rhotacism of the initial consonant from "l" to "r" due to Iranian influence, while the other Indo-European cognates did not undergo this change.

Noun

*rỳsь m

1. lynx

Declension

Declension of *rỳsь (i-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rỳsь	*rỳsi	*rỳsьjē, *rỳšē*
genitive	*rỳsī	*rỳsьju, *rỳšu*	*rỳsьjь, *rỳsī*
dative	*rỳsi	*rỳsьma	*rỳsьmъ
accusative	*rỳsь	*rỳsi	*rỳsi
instrumental	*rỳsьmь	*rỳsьma	*rỳsьmī
locative	*rỳsī	*rỳsьju, *rỳšu*	*rỳsьxъ
vocative	*rysi	*rỳsi	*rỳsьjē, *rỳšē*

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *rysę n (“lynx kitten”)
• *rysica f (“female lynx”)
• *rysьjь (“pertaining to lynx”)

 

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: рꙑсь (rysĭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: рысь (rysʹ)
      • Belarusian: рысь (rysʹ)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: рысь (rŷsʹ)
      • Ukrainian: рись (rysʹ)
    • Russian: рысь (rysʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: рꙑсь (rysĭ), рꙑсъ (rysŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⱃⱏⰺⱄⱐ (rysĭ), ⱃⱏⰺⱄⱏ (rysŭ)

    • Bulgarian: рис (ris)
    • Macedonian: рис (ris)
  • Serbo-Croatian: rȉs／ри̏с
  • Slovene: rȋs (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: ris
  • Old Czech: rys
    • Czech: rys
      • Moravian: ris
  • Polish: ryś
  • Old Slovak: rys
    • Slovak: rys
    • Pannonian Rusyn: рис (ris)
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: rys
    • Lower Sorbian: rys

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Romanian: râs

Further reading

• Verweij, Arno (1994) “Quantity Patterns of Substantives in Czech and Slovak”, in Dutch Contributions to the Eleventh International Congress of Slavists, Bratislava (Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics)‎^[1], volume 22, Editions Rodopi B.V., page 538