ceo

See also: CEO, ce-o, ceò, ceó, and céo

English

Noun

ceo (countable and uncountable, plural ceos)

1. (aviation) Alternative letter-case form of CEO

Anagrams

• COE, CoE, Coe, ECO, EOC, eco, eco-

Asturian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin citō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈθeo/, [ˈθe.o]
• Rhymes: -eo
• Hyphenation: ce‧o

Adverb

ceo

1. early
2. soon

Galician

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ceo (“sky; heaven”), 13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria; from Latin caelum (“sky”). Cognate with Portuguese céu and Spanish cielo.

Alternative forms

• ceio

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈθɛʊ], [ˈθɛʊ̯], (western) [ˈsɛʊ̯]

Noun

ceo m (plural ceos)

1. sky

   Synonym: firmamento

2. heaven
   • 1326, López Ferreiro, Antonio (ed.): Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 294:

     Maria virgen que he auogada dos pecadores et acorremento dos cuitados complida de todas uirtudes et de todas santidades sobrelas outras criaturas que deus quis facer enno ceo et enna terra

     Mary the Virgin, advocate of the sinners and aid of the afflicted, complete of every virtue and of every saintliness over all the other creature that God wanted to make in Heaven as well as in Earth

3. ceiling
   • 1326, López Ferreiro, Antonio (ed.): Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 295:

     mando esta mia cama assy como iaz con sous panos et con suas cortinas et ceo

     I bequeath this my bed, as it is, with its clothes and with its curtains and ceiling

   Synonym: teito

Derived terms

• ceo da boca (“roof of the mouth”)

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “ceo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “ceo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ceo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ceo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “ceo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Etymology 2

Verb

ceo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cear

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish céo, from Proto-Celtic *kiwos (“fog”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-wó-s (“gray”), see also Sanskrit श्याव (śyāva), Persian سیاه (siyâh, “black”), Russian сивый (sivyj, “grey”), Lithuanian šývas (“light grey”), Old English hīew (modern English hue).

Celtic relatives include Manx kay and Scottish Gaelic ceò. Also compare English sky.

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /coː/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /cɔː/

Noun

ceo m (genitive singular ceo or ciach or ceoigh, nominative plural ceonna or ceocha)

1. fog, mist
2. haze
3. vapour
4. (in questions and negative sentences) nothing, anything

   Níl tú ag insint ceo den fhírinne dhom.

   You aren’t telling me a word of the truth.

Declension

Declension of ceo

Fourth declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative ceo ceonna Vocative a cheo a cheonna Genitive ceo ceonna Dative ceo ceonna

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an ceo na ceonna Genitive an cheo na gceonna Dative leis an gceo don cheo leis na ceonna

Archaic or dialectal forms:

Declension of ceo

Irregular

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative ceo ceocha Vocative a cheo a cheocha Genitive ciach ceo Dative ciaigh ceocha ceochaibh (archaic, dialectal)

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an ceo na ceocha Genitive an chiach na gceo Dative leis an gciaigh don chiaigh leis na ceocha leis na ceochaibh (archaic, dialectal)

• Alternative genitive singular: ceoigh
• Alternative dative plural forms: ceochaibh, ceonnaibh

Derived terms

• ceo bruithne
• toitcheo (“smog”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
ceo	cheo	gceo
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ceo”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “ceo”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 133

Old English

Alternative forms

• ċīo
• ċēa — normalised

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *kahwu, probably ultimately imitative.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃe͜oː/

Noun

ċēo f

1. a chough, a bird of the genus Corvus; a jay; crow; jackdaw

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Related terms

• ceahhe

Descendants

• Middle English: ka, co, cheo, choȝe, choughe, chowe, chow
  • Scots: ka, kae, kea, keaw
  • English: coe, chough

Old French

Pronoun

ceo

1. Alternative form of ço

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin caelum (“sky”). Cognate with Old Spanish cielo, Old Occitan cel and Old French ciel.

Pronunciation

• (Galicia) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛ.o/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛ.ʊ/

Noun

ceo m (plural ceos)

1. sky
   • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 154 (facsimile):

     Como un tafur tirou con hũa baeſta hũa seeta cõtra o ceo con ſanna p̈ q̇ pdera. p̃ q̃ cuidaua q̇ firia a deos o.ſ.M̃.

     How a gambler shot, with a crossbow, a bolt at the sky, wrathful because he had lost. Because he wanted it to wound God or Holy Mary.

2. (religion) heaven
   • 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de Toledo, cantiga 426 (facsimile):

     Subiu ao ceo. o fillo / de deꝯ. por dar paray.ſaos amigo^s ſeꝯ

     Ascended to heaven, the son of God. For giving paradise to his friends.

Descendants

• Fala: ceu
• Galician: ceo
• Portuguese: céu (see there for further descendants)

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• cȉo, cijȇl (Ijekavian)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cělъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *káilas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sêo/

Adjective

cȅo (Cyrillic spelling це̏о, definite cȇlī)

1. whole

   Celo je vreme tamo ležala. ― She lay there the whole time.

   • 1993, Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics and music), “Ovo je Balkan”, in Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics), Muzika na struju‎^[1], performed by Bajaga i Instruktori, Produkcija Stig:

     Ovo je ovde Balkan,
     Mirisni cvet,
     Totalno nerazumljiv za ceo svet.
     I svako može biti
     Dušman i brat
     Svakih pedeset leta izbija rat.

     This here is the Balkans
     A scented flower
     Completely incomprehensible for the whole world
     And anyone can be
     Enemy and brother
     Every fifty years erupts the war

2. entire, complete

Declension

indefinite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		ceo	cela	celo
genitive		cela	cele	cela
dative		celu	celoj	celu
accusative	inanimate animate	ceo cela	celu	celo
vocative		ceo	cela	celo
locative		celu	celoj	celu
instrumental		celim	celom	celim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		celi	cele	cela
genitive		celih	celih	celih
dative		celim(a)	celim(a)	celim(a)
accusative		cele	cele	cela
vocative		celi	cele	cela
locative		celim(a)	celim(a)	celim(a)
instrumental		celim(a)	celim(a)	celim(a)

definite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		celi	cela	celo
genitive		celog(a)	cele	celog(a)
dative		celom(u/e)	celoj	celom(u/e)
accusative	inanimate animate	celi celog(a)	celu	celo
vocative		celi	cela	celo
locative		celom(e/u)	celoj	celom(e/u)
instrumental		celim	celom	celim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		celi	cele	cela
genitive		celih	celih	celih
dative		celim(a)	celim(a)	celim(a)
accusative		cele	cele	cela
vocative		celi	cele	cela
locative		celim(a)	celim(a)	celim(a)
instrumental		celim(a)	celim(a)	celim(a)

Venetan

Adjective

ceo (feminine singular cea, masculine plural cei, feminine plural cee)

1. small
2. minute

Synonyms

• picenin