gristi

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gryzti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡrîsti/
• Hyphenation: gri‧sti

Verb

grȉsti impf (Cyrillic spelling гри̏сти)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to bite, gnaw, nibble
2. (transitive, intransitive) to corrode, erode, fret eat away at (gradually wear away by rubbing or chemically)
3. (transitive, colloquial) to annoy, bother, vex, rankle
4. (transitive, colloquial, by extension) to snap at, snarl at, rail at (another person due to annoyance)
5. (transitive, intransitive, colloquial) to snack

Conjugation

Conjugation of gristi

Infinitive: gristi		Present verbal adverb: grízūći		Past verbal adverb: grȉzāvši		Verbal noun: grízēnje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		grizem	grizeš	grize	grizemo	grizete	grizu
Future	Future I	grist ću1 grišću	grist ćeš1 grišćeš	grist će1 grišće	grist ćemo1 grišćemo	grist ćete1 grišćete	grist će1 grišće
	Future II	bȕdēm grizao2	bȕdēš grizao2	bȕdē grizao2	bȕdēmo grizli2	bȕdēte grizli2	bȕdū grizli2
Past	Perfect	grizao sam2	grizao si2	grizao je2	grizli smo2	grizli ste2	grizli su2
	Pluperfect3	bȉo sam grizao2	bȉo si grizao2	bȉo je grizao2	bíli smo grizli2	bíli ste grizli2	bíli su grizli2
	Aorist	grizoh	grize	grize	grizosmo	grizoste	grizoše
	Imperfect	grizijah	grizijaše	grizijaše	grizijasmo	grizijaste	grizijahu
Conditional I		grizao bih2	grizao bi2	grizao bi2	grizli bismo2	grizli biste2	grizli bi2
Conditional II4		bȉo bih grizao2	bȉo bi grizao2	bȉo bi grizao2	bíli bismo grizli2	bíli biste grizli2	bíli bi grizli2
Imperative		—	grizi	—	grizimo	grizite	—
Active past participle		grizao m / grizla f / grizlo n			grizli m / grizle f / grizla n
Passive past participle		grizen m / grizena f / grizeno n			grizeni m / grizene f / grizena n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.   *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

• grȉckalica
• grȉckati
• ìzgristi
• nàgristi
• òdgristi
• pòdgristi
• prègristi
• prìgristi
• prògristi
• ràzgristi
• ùgristi
• zàgristi
• zgrȉsti

 

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gryzti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡrìːsti/

Verb

grísti impf

1. to bite

Inflection

Obstruent + -ti -em (AP b)
infinitive	grísti
1st singular	grízem
infinitive	grísti			grȉst, grȋst
supine	grȋst
verbal noun	grízenje
	participle			converb
present	grizọ̄č			—
past	grȋzen			—
l-participle	masculine		feminine		neuter
singular	grȋzəł		grízla		grízlo
dual	grízla		grízli		grízli
plural	grízli		grízle		grízla
	present			imperative
1st singular	grízem			—
2nd singular	grízeš			grízi
3rd singular	gríze			—
1st dual	grízeva			gríziva
2nd dual	grízeta			grízita
3rd dual	grízeta			—
1st plural	grízemo			grízimo
2nd plural	grízete			grízite
3rd plural	grízejo			—

Derived terms

• odgrísti
• ogrísti
• pregrísti
• prigrísti
• ugrísti
• zgrísti

 

Further reading

• “gristi”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024