kall

See also: Kall

Albanian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *kalei-, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to prick, jab (into); thrust (into)”). Cognate to Lithuanian kálti (“to strike, forge”) and Russian коло́ть (kolótʹ, “to prick, jab, hoe, hack”).^[1]

Alternative forms

këllas, kalloj, qëlloj

Verb

kall (aorist kalla, participle kallë)

to stick (on, into), put (up), thrust, instigate

References

^ Demiraj, B. (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 210

Etymology 2

From Proto-Albanian *kapna, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷh₂wep- (“smoke, seethe”).

Verb

kall (aorist kalla, participle kallë)

to burn

Derived terms

Etymology 3

From Proto-Albanian *kalsa, from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂- (“to beat”). The exact formation may be either *kolh₂-sos, whence also Proto-Slavic *kolsъ (“ear of grain”),^[1]^[2]^[3] or *kolh₂-os, whence also Proto-Slavic *kolъ (“stake”).^[4]

Noun

kall m

(Arbëresh) straw, chaff

Derived terms

References

^ Meyer, G. (1891) “kał”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 168
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kolsъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 152
^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “kalli”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 167
^ Demiraj, B. (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[2] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 211–212

Elfdalian

Etymology

From Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz. Cognate with Swedish karl.

Noun

kall m

man (male human)
husband

Declension

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Declension of kall

masculine	singular		plural
masculine	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kall	kalln	kaller	kallär
accusative	kall	kalln	kalla	kallą
dative	kalle	kallem	kallum	kallum(e)
genitive	kalles	kallemes	-	kallumes

Icelandic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʰatl/
Rhymes: -atl

Etymology 1

Noun

kall n (genitive singular kalls, nominative plural köll)

call, shout
Synonyms: hróp, óp, hljóð

Declension

Declension of kall (neuter)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kall	kallið	köll	köllin
accusative	kall	kallið	köll	köllin
dative	kalli	kallinu	köllum	köllunum
genitive	kalls	kallsins	kalla	kallanna

Related terms

kalla (“to call”)
köllun

Etymology 2

Noun

kall m (genitive singular kalls, nominative plural kallar)

(colloquial) Alternative spelling of karl

Declension

Declension of kall (masculine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kall	kallinn	kallar	kallarnir
accusative	kall	kallinn	kalla	kallana
dative	kalli	kallinum	köllum	köllunum
genitive	kalls	kallsins	kalla	kallanna

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

kall

imperative of kalle

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse kall. See also the verb kalla (“to call”).

Noun

kall n (definite singular kallet, indefinite plural kall, definite plural kalla)

a calling or vocation, religious or otherwise
an office and/or the geographic area of said office

Derived terms

prestekall

Etymology 2

From Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz. Doublet of kar. Cognates include Elfdalian kall and Swedish karl.

Noun

kall m (definite singular kallen, indefinite plural kallar, definite plural kallane)

an old man
Synonym: gubbe
a married man, husband
kall og kjerring ― husband and wife
dude, bloke, guy, chap, man
Synonym: kar
(folklore) (a general term for) a male supernatural creature
a male bird
Synonyms: hannfugl, stegg
an old tree (with its crown cut)
(often in compounds) an axle
(botany) a flower of various genera

Derived terms

Related terms

kjerring, kjelling

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

kall

imperative of kalla

Etymology 4

Adjective

kall

Misspelling of kald.

References

“kall” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Etymology

From the verb kalla (“to call, shout”).

Noun

kall n (genitive kalls)

call, cry, shouting
appellation, name

Declension

Declension of kall (strong a-stem)

neuter	singular		plural
neuter	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kall	kallit	kǫll	kǫllin
accusative	kall	kallit	kǫll	kǫllin
dative	kalli	kallinu	kǫllum	kǫllunum
genitive	kalls	kallsins	kalla	kallanna

Derived terms

ákall

Descendants

Danish: kald
- Norwegian Bokmål: kall
Icelandic: kall
Norwegian Nynorsk: kall
Swedish: kall

References

“kall”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish kalder, kaller, from Old Norse kaldr, from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kalː/
Audio: (file)

Adjective

kall

cold; having a low temperature.
unfriendly, emotionally distant or unfeeling.

Inflection

Inflection of **kall**
Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative¹
common singular	kall	kallare	kallast
neuter singular	kallt	kallare	kallast
plural	kalla	kallare	kallast
masculine plural²	kalle	kallare	kallast

Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular³	kalle	kallare	kallaste
all	kalla	kallare	kallaste

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Related terms

kyla

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Norse kall. Related to Swedish and Old Norse verb kalla.

Noun

kall n

a calling (strong urge to dedicate oneself to something, often an occupation felt to have a higher purpose)
(rare) a call (of an animal)

Declension

Declension of kall

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	kall	kalls
singular	definite	kallet	kallets
plural	indefinite	kall	kalls
plural	definite	kallen	kallens

References

[1] Demiraj, B. (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 210

[2] Meyer, G. (1891) “kał”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 168

[3] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kolsъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 152

[4] Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “kalli”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 167

[5] Demiraj, B. (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎^[2] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 211–212

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