lapp

See also: Lapp, läpp, and LAPP

Hungarian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɒpː]
• Hyphenation: lapp
• Rhymes: -ɒpː

Adjective

lapp (not comparable)

1. Lappish, Lapp (of, or pertaining to the Lapps, their language, or Lapland)

   Synonym: (endonym) számi

Usage notes

Some Uralic languages have two names, an exonym (external name, mostly of Russian origin) and an endonym (internal name, a self-denomination). These days normally the endonyms are preferred (similarly to Eskimo superseded by Inuit). In Hungarian, the terms are vogul superseded by manysi (“Mansi”), osztják, by hanti (“Khanty”), cseremisz, by mari (“Mari”), votják, by udmurt (“Udmurt”), zürjén, by komi (“Komi”), jurák, by nyenyec (“Nenets”), and lapp, by számi (“Sami”).

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	lapp	lappok
accusative	lappot	lappokat
dative	lappnak	lappoknak
instrumental	lappal	lappokkal
causal-final	lappért	lappokért
translative	lappá	lappokká
terminative	lappig	lappokig
essive-formal	lappként	lappokként
essive-modal	lappul	—
inessive	lappban	lappokban
superessive	lappon	lappokon
adessive	lappnál	lappoknál
illative	lappba	lappokba
sublative	lappra	lappokra
allative	lapphoz	lappokhoz
elative	lappból	lappokból
delative	lappról	lappokról
ablative	lapptól	lappoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	lappé	lappoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	lappéi	lappokéi

Noun

lapp (plural lappok)

1. Lapp (person)

   Synonym: (endonym) számi

2. Lapp, Lappish (language)

   Synonym: (endonym) számi

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	lapp	lappok
accusative	lappot	lappokat
dative	lappnak	lappoknak
instrumental	lappal	lappokkal
causal-final	lappért	lappokért
translative	lappá	lappokká
terminative	lappig	lappokig
essive-formal	lappként	lappokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	lappban	lappokban
superessive	lappon	lappokon
adessive	lappnál	lappoknál
illative	lappba	lappokba
sublative	lappra	lappokra
allative	lapphoz	lappokhoz
elative	lappból	lappokból
delative	lappról	lappokról
ablative	lapptól	lappoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	lappé	lappoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	lappéi	lappokéi

Possessive forms of lapp
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	lappom	lappjaim
2nd person sing.	lappod	lappjaid
3rd person sing.	lappja	lappjai
1st person plural	lappunk	lappjaink
2nd person plural	lappotok	lappjaitok
3rd person plural	lappjuk	lappjaik

Derived terms

• Lappföld

Further reading

• lapp in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɑpː/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse leppr. Compare Icelandic leppur and Danish lap.

Noun

lapp m (definite singular lappen, indefinite plural lapper, definite plural lappene)

1. a patch
2. a note, small piece of paper
3. a driver's license
4. a type of small, thick pancake

Derived terms

• lappeteppe

Etymology 2

Possibly from a Finnic or Samic language. Compare Finnish Lappi

Noun

lapp m (definite singular lappen, indefinite plural lapper, definite plural lappene)

1. a Lapp, Sami person; person of the Sami people

Synonyms

• same

References

• “lapp” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lɑp]

Etymology 1

From Old Norse leppr.

Noun

lapp m (definite singular lappen, indefinite plural lappar, definite plural lappane)

1. patch

   Jakka hadde lappar på olbogane.

   The coat had patches on the elbows.

2. a note, small piece of paper

   Han gav meg ein lapp med ein beskjed på.

   He gave me a note with a message on it.

3. a driver's license (usually definite)

   Synonym: førarkort

   I morgon skal eg ta lappen

   Tomorrow I'm gonna take (the exam for) the driver's license

4. a type of small, thick pancake

Derived terms

• lappeteppe
• åkerlapp

Etymology 2

From Swedish lapp. Possibly from a Finnic or Samic language. Compare Finnish Lappi.

Noun

lapp m (definite singular lappen, indefinite plural lappar, definite plural lappane)

1. (derogatory) a Lapp, Sami person; person of the Sami people

   Synonyms: finn, same

Usage notes

While this is a neutral term in Swedish, it’s traditionally perceived as derogatory in Norway.

References

• “lapp” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Swedish

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse leppr, from Proto-Germanic *lappa-, *lappô (“rag, cloth”), of uncertain origin, possibly Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”).

Compare Icelandic leppur, Danish lap, Middle Dutch lappe, Old High German lappa, German Lappen (“patch”), Lithuanian lopas (“patch, piece”) and Latvian lupata (“rag, cloth”).

Noun

lapp c

1. a patch, a piece of any flexible material, used to cover a hole in something; such as a piece of fabric used over a hole in a piece of clothing
2. a small piece of paper; a slip, a note; often used as slang for körkort (driver's licence)

Declension

Declension of lapp

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	lapp	lapps
	definite	lappen	lappens
plural	indefinite	lappar	lappars
	definite	lapparna	lapparnas

Related terms

• (patch): lappa, lappning, lappri, lapptäcke
• (piece of paper): lapplisa, papperslapp

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish lapper; compare Icelandic lappir pl; probably of Finnish origin; compare Finnish lappalainen (“Lap”), after Lappi (“Lapland”), older Finnish also lapp; original meaning unknown.

Noun

lapp c

2. a Lapp, a Sami person; a person of the Sami people

Usage notes

• The word same (“a Sami person”) is recently the politically correct ethnic term. However, in everyday life lapp is currently used by both Swedes and Sami in non-derogatory fashion.

Declension

Declension of lapp

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	lapp	lapps
	definite	lappen	lappens
plural	indefinite	lappar	lappars
	definite	lapparna	lapparnas

Synonyms

• same

Related terms

• lappdräkt, lappkåta, Lappland

References

• lapp in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• lapp in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• lapp in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)