luceo

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *lewk-der.

Proto-Italic *loukēō

Latin lūceō

From Proto-Italic *loukēō, from earlier *loukejō, from Proto-Indo-European causative *lowk-éye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- ("bright, shine"). Cognate with *louks (whence lūx).

Alternatively, from loukēō, from earlier *loukējō, modeled after a stative verb from the same root.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈluː.ke.oː/, [ˈɫ̪uːkeoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈlu.t͡ʃe.o/, [ˈluːt͡ʃeo]

Verb

lūceō (present infinitive lūcēre, perfect active lūxī); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

1. to shine

   Requiem aeternam dona eis, et lux perpetua luceat eis.

   Give them eternal rest, and let perpetual light shine upon them.

2. (of the day) to dawn, become light
3. to show through; to become visible
4. to be conspicuous, apparent, evident

Conjugation

Conjugation of lūceō (second conjugation, no supine stem, active only)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	lūceō	lūcēs	lūcet	lūcēmus	lūcētis	lūcent
	imperfect	lūcēbam	lūcēbās	lūcēbat	lūcēbāmus	lūcēbātis	lūcēbant
	future	lūcēbō	lūcēbis	lūcēbit	lūcēbimus	lūcēbitis	lūcēbunt
	perfect	lūxī	lūxistī	lūxit	lūximus	lūxistis	lūxērunt, lūxēre
	pluperfect	lūxeram	lūxerās	lūxerat	lūxerāmus	lūxerātis	lūxerant
	future perfect	lūxerō	lūxeris	lūxerit	lūxerimus	lūxeritis	lūxerint
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	lūceam	lūceās	lūceat	lūceāmus	lūceātis	lūceant
	imperfect	lūcērem	lūcērēs	lūcēret	lūcērēmus	lūcērētis	lūcērent
	perfect	lūxerim	lūxerīs	lūxerit	lūxerīmus	lūxerītis	lūxerint
	pluperfect	lūxissem	lūxissēs	lūxisset	lūxissēmus	lūxissētis	lūxissent
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	lūcē	—	—	lūcēte	—
	future	—	lūcētō	lūcētō	—	lūcētōte	lūcentō
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		lūcēre	lūxisse	—	—	—	—
participles		lūcēns	—	—	—	—	—
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		lūcendī	lūcendō	lūcendum	lūcendō	—	—

Derived terms

Derived terms

• allūceō
• circumlūceō
• collūceō
• conluceo
• dīlūceō
• ēlūceō
• illūceō
• interlūceō
• lūcēns
• lucerna
• lūcidus
• pellūceō / perlūceō
• praelūceō
• prōlūceō
• relūceō
• sublūceō
• superlūceō
• trānslūceō

Related terms

• lūx

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: lucere
  • Neapolitan: luce, lice
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: luchere, lughere, luxiri
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: [ˈluʒe]
  • Old Lombard: lusar
  • Piedmontese: luse, lise
  • Romansch: lüschair
  • Old Venetan: luzer (Belluno)
• Vulgar Latin:
  • *extrālūcēre
    • Lombard: straluce
    • Romansch: traglischar

Reflexes of an assumed variant *lūcīre:

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: lutsiri
  • Romanian: luci
• Dalmatian:
  • loik (3PL)
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: lusî
  • Ligurian: luxî
  • Lombard: lusì
  • Piedmontese: lusì
  • Romansch: glüschir
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: luyr
    • Catalan: lluir
  • Old French: luisir, luire
    • French: luire
  • Old Occitan: luzir
    • Occitan: lusir
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: llucir
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: luzir
    • Galician: lucir
    • Portuguese: luzir
  • Spanish: lucir
• Vulgar Latin: *extrālūcīre
  • Friulian: stralusî
  • Neapolitan: stralucire
  • Romanian: străluci
  • Romansch: stralüzir

Further reading

• “luceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “luceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• luceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • when it was day: ubi illuxit, luxit, diluxit
    
  • it is daylight: lucet
    
  • (ambiguous) at daybreak: prima luce
    
  • (ambiguous) in full daylight: luce (luci)
    
  • (ambiguous) to enjoy the privilege of living; to be alive: vita or hac luce frui
    
  • (ambiguous) to shun publicity: forensi luce carere
    
  • (ambiguous) this is as clear as daylight: hoc est luce (sole ipso) clarius