murtua
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]murtaa (“to break”) + -ua (intransitive/passive verb)
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]murtua
- to break, break down, fracture, fall to pieces
- (figuratively) to break down, fall to pieces (to be emotionally devastated)
- Murruin, kun sain tietää äitini kuolleen tuona iltana.
- When I found out my mother had passed away that night, I fell to pieces.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of murtua (Kotus type 52*K/sanoa, rt-rr gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | murrun | en murru | 1st sing. | olen murtunut | en ole murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | murrut | et murru | 2nd sing. | olet murtunut | et ole murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | murtuu | ei murru | 3rd sing. | on murtunut | ei ole murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | murrumme | emme murru | 1st plur. | olemme murtuneet | emme ole murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | murrutte | ette murru | 2nd plur. | olette murtuneet | ette ole murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | murtuvat | eivät murru | 3rd plur. | ovat murtuneet | eivät ole murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | murrutaan | ei murruta | passive | on murruttu | ei ole murruttu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | murruin | en murtunut | 1st sing. | olin murtunut | en ollut murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | murruit | et murtunut | 2nd sing. | olit murtunut | et ollut murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | murtui | ei murtunut | 3rd sing. | oli murtunut | ei ollut murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | murruimme | emme murtuneet | 1st plur. | olimme murtuneet | emme olleet murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | murruitte | ette murtuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte murtuneet | ette olleet murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | murtuivat | eivät murtuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat murtuneet | eivät olleet murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | murruttiin | ei murruttu | passive | oli murruttu | ei ollut murruttu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | murtuisin | en murtuisi | 1st sing. | olisin murtunut | en olisi murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | murtuisit | et murtuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit murtunut | et olisi murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | murtuisi | ei murtuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi murtunut | ei olisi murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | murtuisimme | emme murtuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme murtuneet | emme olisi murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | murtuisitte | ette murtuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte murtuneet | ette olisi murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | murtuisivat | eivät murtuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat murtuneet | eivät olisi murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | murruttaisiin | ei murruttaisi | passive | olisi murruttu | ei olisi murruttu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | murru | älä murru | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | murtukoon | älköön murtuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon murtunut | älköön olko murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | murtukaamme | älkäämme murtuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | murtukaa | älkää murtuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | murtukoot | älkööt murtuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot murtuneet | älkööt olko murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | murruttakoon | älköön murruttako | passive | olkoon murruttu | älköön olko murruttu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | murtunen | en murtune | 1st sing. | lienen murtunut | en liene murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | murtunet | et murtune | 2nd sing. | lienet murtunut | et liene murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | murtunee | ei murtune | 3rd sing. | lienee murtunut | ei liene murtunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | murtunemme | emme murtune | 1st plur. | lienemme murtuneet | emme liene murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | murtunette | ette murtune | 2nd plur. | lienette murtuneet | ette liene murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | murtunevat | eivät murtune | 3rd plur. | lienevät murtuneet | eivät liene murtuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | murruttaneen | ei murruttane | passive | lienee murruttu | ei liene murruttu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | murtua | present | murtuva | murruttava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | murtunut | murruttu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | murtuessa | murruttaessa | agent4 | murtuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | murtumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | murtuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | murtumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | murtumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | murtumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | murtumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | murtumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | murtuman | murruttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | murtuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
nouns
verbs
compounds
Further reading
[edit]- “murtua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Votic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]murtua
- (intransitive) to break (into pieces)
- (intransitive) to dislocate (of a limb)
Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of murtua (type II-1/kuttsua, rt-rr gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative | |||||
Present | Perfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | murrun | en murru | 1st singular | õõn murtunnu | en õõ murtunnu |
2nd singular | murrud | ed murru | 2nd singular | õõd murtunnu | ed õõ murtunnu |
3rd singular | murrub | eb murru | 3rd singular | on murtunnu | eb õõ murtunnu |
1st plural | murrummõ | emmä murru | 1st plural | õõmmõ murtunnu | emmä õõ murtunnu |
2nd plural | murruttõ | että murru | 2nd plural | õõttõ murtunnu | että õõ murtunnu |
3rd plural | murruta | eväd murru | 3rd plural | õlla murruttu | eväd õõ murruttu |
impersonal | murruta | eväd murru | impersonal | õlla murruttu | eväd õõ murruttu |
Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | murtuzin | en murtunnu | 1st singular | õlin murtunnu | — |
2nd singular | murtuzid | ed murtunnu | 2nd singular | õlid murtunnu | — |
3rd singular | murtu | eb murtunnu | 3rd singular | õli murtunnu | — |
1st plural | murtuzimmõ | emmä murtunnu | 1st plural | õlimmõ murtunnu | — |
2nd plural | murtuzittõ | että murtunnu | 2nd plural | õlittõ murtunnu | — |
3rd plural | murrutti | eväd murruttu | 3rd plural | õlti murruttu | — |
impersonal | murrutti | eväd murruttu | impersonal | õlti murruttu | — |
Conditional | |||||
Present | Perfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | murtuizin | en murtuizʹ | 1st singular | õllõizin murtunnu | en õllõizʹ murtunnu |
2nd singular | murtuizid | ed murtuizʹ | 2nd singular | õllõizid murtunnu | ed õllõizʹ murtunnu |
3rd singular | murtuizʹ | eb murtuizʹ | 3rd singular | õllõizʹ murtunnu | eb õllõizʹ murtunnu |
1st plural | murtuizimmõ | emmä murtuizʹ | 1st plural | õllõizimmõ murtunnu | emmä õllõizʹ murtunnu |
2nd plural | murtuizittõ | että murtuizʹ | 2nd plural | õllõizittõ murtunnu | että õllõizʹ murtunnu |
3rd plural | murruttaizʹ | eväd murruttaizʹ | 3rd plural | õltaizʹ murruttu | eväd õltaizʹ murruttu |
impersonal | murruttaizʹ | eväd murruttaizʹ | impersonal | õltaizʹ murruttu | eväd õltaizʹ murruttu |
Imperative | |||||
Present | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | — | — | |||
2nd singular | murru | elä murru | |||
3rd singular | murtugo | elko murtugo | |||
1st plural | — | — | |||
2nd plural | murtuga | elka murtuga | |||
3rd plural | murtugod | — | |||
impersonal | — | — | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitives | Participles | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | murtua | present | murtujõ1) | — | |
2nd | illative | murtuma | past | murtunnu | murruttu |
inessive | murtumõz | 1) also used as the agent noun | |||
elative | murtumõssõ | ||||
abessive | murtumõttõ |
References
[edit]- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “murtua”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat, 2nd edition, Tallinn
Categories:
- Finnish terms suffixed with -ua
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/urtuɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/urtuɑ/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish sanoa-type verbs
- Votic terms suffixed with -ua
- Votic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Votic/urtuɑ̯
- Rhymes:Votic/urtuɑ̯/2 syllables
- Votic lemmas
- Votic verbs
- Votic intransitive verbs
- Votic kuttsua-type verbs