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pain

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "pain"

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

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From Middle English peyne, payne, from Old French and Anglo-Norman peine, paine, from Latin poena (“punishment, pain”), from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “bloodmoney, weregild, fine, price paid, penalty”), from Proto-Hellenic *kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂ (“payment”) (whence also Proto-Slavic *cěnà (“price”)).

Doublet of peine. Compare Danish pine, Norwegian Bokmål pine, German Pein, Dutch pijn, Afrikaans pyn. See also pine (the verb). Partly displaced native Old English sār (whence Modern English sore).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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pain (countable and uncountable, plural pains)

  2. (countable and uncountable) An ache or bodily suffering, or an instance of this; an unpleasant sensation, resulting from a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; hurt.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pain
    Antonyms: pleasure; see also Thesaurus:pleasure
    The greatest difficulty lies in treating patients with chronic pain.
    I had to stop running when I started getting pains in my feet.
    1. (now usually in the plural) The pangs or sufferings of childbirth, caused by contractions of the uterus.
      • 1951 February, Forrest H. Howard, “The Physiologic Position for Delivery”, in Northwest Medicine, volume 50, number 2, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association, page 99:
        When the pains are every five minutes and quite strong or the cervix is five cm. dilated along with regular and strong pains, the mother is given a block anesthesia of 1 cc. of 1:200 nupercaine, 1 cc. of 10 per cent dextrose with .05 cc. of 1:1000 adrenalin.
  3. (uncountable) The condition or fact of suffering or anguish especially mental, as opposed to pleasure; torment; distress
    Synonyms: anguish; see also Thesaurus:distress
    In the final analysis, pain is a fact of life.
    The pain of departure was difficult to bear.
  4. (countable, from pain in the neck) An annoying person or thing.
    Synonyms: pest; see also Thesaurus:nuisance
    Your mother is a right pain.
    • 2024 April 17, “Rural railways: do they deliver?”, in RAIL, number 1007, page 58:
      Today is match day, Grimsby Town are at home, and the ground is walking distance from New Clee station. So, visiting football supporters coming by train have to change at Grimsby Town [station]. That's a real pain.
  5. (uncountable, dated) Suffering inflicted as punishment or penalty.
    You may not leave this room on pain of death.
    • 1629, Francis Bacon, An Advertisement Touching a Holy War:
      We will, by way of mulct or pain, lay it upon him.
    • 1690, [John] Dryden, Don Sebastian, King of Portugal: […], London: […] Jo. Hindmarsh, […], →OCLC, Act IV, page 105:
      Seb[astian]. […] [M]y duty, then, / To interpoſe; on pain of my diſpleasure, / Betwixt your Swords[.] / Dor[ax]. On pain of Infamy / He ſhould have diſobey'd.
  6. (chiefly in the plural) Labour; effort; great care or trouble taken in doing something.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:work
Hyponyms
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Derived terms
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Collocations
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Adjectives often used with "pain"

mild, moderate, severe, intense, excruciating, debilitating, acute, chronic, sharp, dull, burning, steady, throbbing, stabbing, spasmodic, etc.

Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

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pain (third-person singular simple present pains, present participle paining, simple past and past participle pained)

  1. (transitive) To hurt; to put to bodily uneasiness or anguish; to afflict with uneasy sensations of any degree of intensity; to torment; to torture.
    Synonyms: afflict, hurt; see also Thesaurus:hurt
    The wound pained him.
  3. (transitive) To render uneasy in mind; to disquiet; to distress; to grieve.
    Synonyms: afflict, torment; see also Thesaurus:vex
    It pains me to say that I must let you go.
  4. (transitive, obsolete) To inflict suffering upon as a penalty; to punish.
  5. (intransitive, India) To feel pain; to hurt.
    Synonyms: ache, suffer; see also Thesaurus:suffer
    Please help me, I am paining hard.
    • 2001, Sarah Caldwell, quoting C. Choondal, “Waves of Beauty, Rivers of Blood: Constructing the Goddess in Kerala”, in Tracy Pintchman, editor, Seeking Mahādevī: Constructing the Identities of the Hindu Great Goddess, page 104:
      Oh my head is aching, oh Lord Damodara [Visnu], give me "kazhi". The neck is paining, oh Lord Kamadeva give me relief. My chest is paining, oh Lord Madhava, give me relief.
    • 2009, Nithyananda Paramahamsa, Bliss Is the Goal and the Path, page 124:
      A lady visited the doctor, a general physician and complained of a lot of pain.
      The doctor asked her where she experienced pain.
      The lady touched her right knee and said, 'It is paining here doctor.'
      Then she touched her stomach and said, 'It is paining here too doctor.'
Translations
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Etymology 2

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From Middle English payn (“a kind of pie with a soft crust”), from Old French pain (“bread”).

Noun

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pain (plural pains)

  1. (obsolete, cooking) Any of various breads stuffed with a filling.
    gammon pain; Spanish pain

References

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Anagrams

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Bilbil

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

Noun

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pain

  1. woman

Further reading

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  • Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Champenois

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old French pain, from Latin pānem.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /pɛ̃/

Noun

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pain m (plural pains)

  1. (Troyen, Langrois) bread

References

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  • Daunay, Jean (1998) Parlers de Champagne : Pour un classement thématique du vocabulaire des anciens parlers de Champagne (Aube - Marne - Haute-Marne)‎[1] (in French), Rumilly-lés-Vaudes
  • Baudoin, Alphonse (1885) Glossaire de la forêt de Clairvaux‎[2] (in French), Troyes

Finnish

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Noun

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pain

  1. inflection of pai:
    1. genitive singular
    2. instructive plural

Anagrams

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French

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FWOTD – 17 July 2013
French Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fr
Un pain. (1, 2, 3)
Pain aux raisins et renversé (café au lait) à Genève, Suisse

Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French pain, from Old French pain, from Latin pānem.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pain m (plural pains)

  1. bread
  2. piece of bread
  3. food
    • 1830 Juvénal, Les Satires, translated into French verse by Barré de Jallais
      Sa nudité déplaît, sa détresse importune, / Et tous les jours, hélas ! à tout le monde en vain / Il demande une chambre, un habit et du pain.
      His nudity embarrasses, his distress importunes, / And every day, alas! from everyone in vain / He asks for a bedroom, clothes and food.
  4. bread-and-butter needs, basic sustenance; breadwinner
    • 1830 Juvénal, Les Satires, translated into French verse by Barré de Jallais
      Ce danseur, déployant une jambe soigneuse / À tenir l’équilibre, et la corde douteuse, / Trouve dans son talent des habits et du pain, / Et son art lui subjugue et le froid et la faim : […]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  5. (informal) punch (a hit with the fist)
    • 2006, Maurice Léger, Moi, Antoinette Védrines, thanatopractrice et pilier de rugby, Publibook:
      J’étais redescendue dare-dare, bien décidée à lui mettre un pain dans la tronche.
      I had gone back down quickly, determined to give him a punch in the face.
  6. a block (of ice, of salt, of soap …) with the shape and size of bread
  7. (slang, music) mistake during a performance (false note, forgot an intro, wrong solo, …)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Haitian Creole: pen
  • Karipúna Creole French: djipẽ
  • → Farefare: pãanɛ
  • ⇒ Khmer: នំប៉័ង (num pang)
  • → Xârâcùù: pêê

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Gedaged

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

Noun

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pain

  1. woman

Further reading

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  • Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
  • ABVD
  • Gedaged Bible translation, Genesis 1:27: Tamol pain mai inaulak.

Matukar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

Noun

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pain

  1. woman

Further reading

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  • Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Middle French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old French pain, from Latin pānis, pānem.

Noun

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pain m (plural pains)

  1. bread

Descendants

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  • French: pain (see there for further descendants)

References

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  • pain on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

Norman

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old French pain.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pain m (plural pains)

  1. (Jersey) bread
    • 1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore‎[3], page 538:
      Où est qu'ill y a un cardon ch'est du pain; où est qu'ill y a du laitron, ch'est la faim.
      Where thistles grow there will be bread; where the sow-thistle grows it is famine.

Derived terms

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Old French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin pānis, pānem.

Noun

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pain oblique singular, m (oblique plural painz, nominative singular painz, nominative plural pain)

  1. bread

Descendants

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Ronji

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

Noun

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pain

  1. woman

Further reading

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  • Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Tagalog

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Etymology

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From Proto-Austronesian *paən (cf. Bikol Central paon and Gorontalo paalo).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pain (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜁᜈ᜔)

  1. bait (for catching fish, rats, etc.)
  2. decoy
  3. nest egg

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “pain”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Anagrams

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Wab

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Etymology

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From Proto-Oceanic *papine, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *babinahi, from Proto-Austronesian *bahi.

Noun

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pain

  1. woman

Further reading

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  • Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
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