voluntas

Ido

Verb

voluntas

1. present of voluntar

Latin

Etymology

Derived from the old present participle stem *welont- +‎ -(t)ās. Compare with volēns (“willing”) and post-classical volentia (“will”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /u̯oˈlun.taːs/, [u̯ɔˈɫ̪ʊn̪t̪äːs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /voˈlun.tas/, [voˈlun̪t̪äs]

Noun

voluntās f (genitive voluntātis); third declension

1. will, free will, choice
   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.44:

     Si iterum experiri velint, se iterum paratum esse decertare; si pace uti velint, iniquum esse de stipendio recusare, quod sua voluntate ad id tempus pependerint.

     If they chose to make a second trial, he was ready to encounter them again; but if they chose to enjoy peace, it was unfair to refuse the tribute, which of their own free-will they had paid up to that time.

   • Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 2:14:

     Gloria in altissimis Deo, et in terra pax hominibus bonae voluntatis.

     Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace to people of good will.

2. desire, inclination
3. disposition towards (something or someone)
4. favor, affection
5. last will, testament
6. goal, object, purpose, intention

   Synonyms: intentiō, propositum, fīnis, cōnsilium, animus, mēns

7. signification, import

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	voluntās	voluntātēs
genitive	voluntātis	voluntātum
dative	voluntātī	voluntātibus
accusative	voluntātem	voluntātēs
ablative	voluntāte	voluntātibus
vocative	voluntās	voluntātēs

Related terms

• volō
• voluntāriē
• voluntārius

Descendants

• Albanian: vullnet
• Basque: borondate
• Dalmatian: voluntuot
• English: volunty
• Friulian: volontât
• Italian: voluntà, volontà
• Ladin: veluntad, ulentà
• Ligurian: voentæ, vuluntà
• Old French: volunté, volenté, volonté
  • Middle French: volunté
    • French: volonté
      • Antillean Creole: volonté
• Old Occitan: volontat
  • Old Catalan: volentat
    • Catalan: voluntat
  • Occitan: volontat
• Old Galician-Portuguese: voontade
  • Portuguese: vontade
• Piedmontese: voluntà
• Romansch: voluntad, volunted, voluntà
• Sardinian: bolontade, boluntadi, volontade
• Old Leonese: veluntat
  • Asturian: veluntá
  • Leonese: veluntá
• Asturian: voluntá
• Old Spanish: veluntad, voluntad
  • Ladino: veluntad
  • Spanish: voluntad

References

• “voluntas”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “voluntas”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• voluntas in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• voluntas in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • when life runs smoothly: in rebus prosperis et ad voluntatem fluentibus
    
  • to find favour with some one; to get into their good graces: benevolentiam, favorem, voluntatem alicuius sibi conciliare or colligere (ex aliqua re)
    
  • to look favourably upon; to support: propenso animo, studio esse or propensa voluntate esse in aliquem (opp. averso animo esse ab aliquo)
    
  • to accomodate oneself to another's wishes: se conformare, se accommodare ad alicuius voluntatem
    
  • to accomodate oneself to another's wishes: alicuius voluntati morem gerere
    
  • to become estranged, alienated from some one: voluntatemor animum alicuius a se abalienare, aliquem a se abalienare or alienare
    
  • to satisfy a person's wishes: voluntati alicuius satisfacere, obsequi
    
  • a good conscience: conscientia recta, recte facti (factorum), virtutis, bene actae vitae, rectae voluntatis
    
  • the last wishes of a deceased person: alicuius mortui voluntas (suprema)
    
  • the spirit of the law: sententia or voluntas legis
    
  • unpopularity: offensa populi voluntas
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1137