Diseño Estructural de Vivienda Economica - ING. GENARO DELGADO CONTRERAS
Diseño Estructural de Vivienda Economica - ING. GENARO DELGADO CONTRERAS
Diseño Estructural de Vivienda Economica - ING. GENARO DELGADO CONTRERAS
A Lina, Mara y
Kelly; ya que
sin ellas, este
libro no estara
en tus manos.
La presentacin y disposicin de
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL DE UNA VIVIENDA
ECONMICA DE 160m2 DE REA TECHADA,
son propiedad del autor.
Cuarta Edicin
Septiembre de 1993
Quinta Edicin
Diciembre de 1994
Sexta Edicin
Enero de 1997
Stima Edicin
Abril de 2008
Impreso en Per
PRLOGO
Esperando que esta obra sirva de consulta y gua a los colegas, estudiantes y
personas interesadas, que hayan hecho del Diseo Estructural su ms
hermosa actividad, hago presente la invitacin para recibir toda clase de
sugerencias que enriquezcan esta obra en una prxima edicin.
CONTENIDO
Rigideces de Muros
Centro de Rigideces
Centro de Masas
12
29
39
Chequeo al corte
44
54
62
71
Diseo de la cimentacin
78
86
Planos
DISTRIBUCIN
0.15
0.15
3.85
4.85
0.25
0.25
0.25
4.00
1.00
0.15
0.15
3.25
0.60
0.15
0.90
2.00
1.25
0.15
2.00 0.50
1.775
3.70
3.70
0.15
0.15
2.00
0.70
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
0.90
2.00
2.35
8
0.15
0.15
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
20.00
3.70
1.775
0.25
1.50
1.75 0.900.60
2.50
0.15
0.15
3.70
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
2.00
8
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
0.15
2.50
4.85
0.85
0.85 1.10
0.15
2.20
0.15
1.775
2.85
2.00
0.15
3.70
1.95
0.15
0.15
0.9
1.95
0.15
1.0
0.25
0.15
0.90
1.0
2.00 0.50
1.775
2.00
1.25
0.15
0.15
4.00
0.25
6.00
4.85
0.15
8.00
3.70
3.25
0.25
0.25
CORTES Y ELEVACIONES
0.20
2.900
2.500
0.20
2.500
2.650
0.150
0.150
2.500
5.550
0.200
2.500
0.150
0.20
2.900
2.500
2.650
2.500
0.20
0.150
0.150
2.500
0.200
2.500
0.150
5.550
PRIMER PISO
SEGUNDO PISO
SEGUNDO PISO
3.875 3.550
= 13.756
3.875 3.550
= 13.756
3.125 3.550
= 11.094
3.125 3.550
= 11.094
3.250 1.900
= 6.175
3.125 1.900
= 5.938
3.250 2.550
= 8.288
3.125 2.550
= 7.969
3.250 1.000
= 3.250
3.250 1.000
= 3.250
4.000 1.000
= 4.000
4.000 1.000
= 4.000
4.000 2.500
= 10.200
3.875 2.550
= 9.881
4.000 1.900
= 7.600
3.875 1.900
= 7.363
64.363m 2
63.251m 2
64.363m 2 300.000
kg
m2
=19308 .9kg
Segundo piso
63.251m 2 300.000
kg
m2
=18975 .3kg
NOTA:
En el aligerado H hemos metrado toda la losa aligerada para compensar el
peso de la escalera.
2.
kg
m2
=8000 kg
71.100m 2 100.000
3.
kg
m2
=7110 .00kg
= 0.450m 3
= 0.218m 3
DINDEL
= 0.043m 3
= 0.450m 3
1.161m 3
= 0.450m 3
= 0.450m 3
0.900m 3
VIGAS DE AMARRE
PRIMER PISO (m3)
Eje A-A entre ejes 1-1, 3-3
Eje B-B entre ejes 1-1, 2-2
Eje B-B entre ejes 2-2, 3-3
Eje C-C entre ejes 1-1, 2-2
Eje C-C entre ejes 2-2, 3-3
Eje D-D entre ejes 1-1, 2-2
= 0.375m 3
= 0.200m 3
= 0.163m 3
= 0.200m 3
= 0.163m 3
= 0.200m 3
= 0.163m 3
1.464m 3
VIGAS CHATAS
PRIMER PISO
SEGUNDO PISO
Eje 2-2 entre ejes A-A, D-D
= 0.900m 3
COLUMNAS
Primer piso
Segundo piso
7.
SOBRECARGAS
0.25 200.00( 8.00 10.00 9.60 )
0.25 150.00( 8.00 10.00 )
Primer piso
Segundo piso
8.
VIGAS
Primer piso
Segundo piso
9.
MUROS
Muros paralelos a la fachada
(Direccin X)
PRIMER PISO
e = 0.15m
Especificacin
Eje B-B
Muro 2
2.50
Eje D-D
= 3520 .00m 3
= 3000 .00m 3
Muro 3
1.75
Muro 4
0.60
Muro 7
0.90
0.95
6.70
SEGUNDO PISO
e = 0.25m
Eje 2-2
e = 0.25m
8.00
Muro 9
1.85
Muro 10
1.70
Muro 6
(Direccin Y)
PRIMER PISO
e = 0.15m
Especificacin
Eje 1-1 Muro 1
Muro 8
---
2.15
2.15
SEGUNDO PISO
8.00
19.55
e = 0.15m
Especificacin
Eje A-A
Eje B-B
Eje C-C
Eje D-D
Muro 2
0.90
Muro 3
1.10
Muro 4
1.25
Muro 21
0.45
Muro 10
2.50
Muro 19
0.60
Muro 12
2.35
Muro 9
2.50
Muro 20
0.60
Muro 13
2.35
Muro 17
0.45
Muro 8
0.90
Muro 7
1.10
Muro 6
1.25
18.30
e = 0.25m
Especificacin
Eje 1-1 Muro 1
Eje D-D
e = 0.15m
e = 0.25m
9.00
Muro 15
1.925
Muro 18
1.925
Muro 11
1.825
Muro 14
1.825
Muro 16
1.10
Muro 5
---
9.00
4.95
21.65
LONGITUD DE MUROS
PRIMER PISO
e = 0.15m
e = 0.25m
L = 6.70m + 2.15m
L=
= 8.85m
= 19.55m
0m + 19.55m
PESO DE MURO
m 3 = 27967 .5kg
L = 18.30m + 4.95m
L=
0m + 21.65m
= 23.25m
= 21.65m
PESO DE MURO
Genaro Delgado Contreras
m 3 = 39375 .0kg
Losa aligerada
2.
Ladrillo
pastelero y
acabados
Vigas soleras y
dinteles
Vigas de
amarre
Vigas chatas
Columnas
Sobrecargas
Vigas
Muros y
alfeizar
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Primer piso
(kg)
Segundo piso
(kg)
TOTAL
(kg)
19308.90
18975.30
38284.20
7110.00
8000.00
15110.00
2786.40
2160.00
4946.40
3513.60
3513.60
7027.20
1080.00
4500.00
3520.00
900.00
2160.00
4500.00
3000.00
900.00
3240.00
9000.00
6520.00
1800.00
30991.00
43200.00
74191.00
73709.90
86408.90
160118.80
H=
Z U S C
P
Rd
Z = 0.40
U = 1.00
S = 1.20
Rd = 3.00
H = 5.40m
D X = 8.00 ,
DY = 9.00
T=
hn
CT
Donde:
hn: altura de la edificacin respecto al nivel del terreno en metros.
CT: 60 para estructuras de mampostera o estructuras fundamentalmente de
muros de corte.
TX =
5.40
= 0.09
60
TY =
5.40
= 0.09
60
0 .6
C = 2.5
= 16.7 Pero como C 2.5, adoptamos C= 2.5
0.09
H=
( 0.40)(1.00)(1.2)( 2.5)(160119.05)
ZUCS
P=
Rd
3.00
H =
64047.62 Kg =
64.05Tn
Fi =
Pi hi
( H - Fa )
Pi hi
NIVEL
Pi
Hi
Pi H i
Fi
86408.90
5.40
466608.06
44614.9688
73710.15
2.70
199017.405 19149.7949
665625.465
Fa=0.07 T H 0.15 H
Fa=0.07x 0.09 x 64047.62= 403.50 kg.
10
V2 = 0.70 H
V1 = 0.30 H
V1 = F1 + F2 = 63764.76kg
V2 = F2 = 19149.79kg
11
12
PRIMER PISO
2.50
1.75
0.90 0.60
9.00
2.35
C
4.85
0.85
2.15
1.95
0.95
2.30
0.90
2.95
0.25 0.15
0.25
0.25
13
Direccin X
( m)
(m)
h
3
h
4
h
h
3 + 4
KX
E
9.00
2.50
0.25
30.00
4000.00
4030.00
0.0022
2-2
0.15
2.50
2.50
3.00
4.00
7.00
0.0214
3-3
0.15
2.50
1.75
4.29
11.66
15.95
0.009
4-4
0.15
2.50
0.60
12.50
289.35
301.85
0.0005
5-5
9.00
2.50
0.25
30.00
4000.00
4030.00
0.0022
6-6
0.15
2.50
0.95
7.89
72.90
80.79
0.0019
7-7
0.15
2.50
0.90
8.33
85.73
94.06
0.0016
8-8
2.15
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0001
9-9
2.35
2.50
0.25
30.00
4000.00
4030.00
0.0006
10-10
1.95
2.50
0.25
30.00
4000.00
4030.00
0.0005
Muro
e (m)
1-1
14
Direccin Y
( m)
(m)
h
3
h
4
h
h
3 + 4
KX
E
0.25
2.50
9.00
0.83
0.09
0.92
0.2717
2-2
2.50
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0001
3-3
1.758
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0001
4-4
0.60
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
5-5
0.25
2.50
9.00
0.83
0.09
0.92
0.2717
6-6
0.95
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
7-7
0.90
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
8-8
0.15
2.50
2.15
3.49
6.29
9.78
0.0153
9-9
0.25
2.50
2.35
3.19
4.82
8.01
0.0312
10-10
0.25
2.50
1.95
3.85
8.43
12.28
0.0204
Muro
e (m)
1-1
15
Muro
KX/E
KY/E
Y (m)
X (m)
(KX/E)y
(KY/E)x
1-1
0.0022
0.2717
4.50
0.125
0.0099
0.0340
22
0.0214
0.0001
5.075
1.50
0.1086
0.0002
3-3
0.009
0.0001
5.075
5.375
0.0457
0.0005
4-4
0.005
0.0000
5.075
7.45
0.0025
0.0000
5-5
0.0022
0.2717
4.50
7.875
0.0099
2.1396
6-6
0.0019
0.0000
0.075
4.975
0.0001
0.0000
77
0.0016
0.0000
0.075
0.700
0.0001
0.0000
8-8
0.0001
0.0153
1.075
1.225
0.0001
0.0187
9-9
0.0006
0.0312
3.975
4.375
0.0024
0.1365
10 - 10
0.0005
0.204
0.975
4.375
0.0005
0.0893
0.040
0.6105
0.1798
2.4188
X CR =
2.4188
=3.962 m
0.6105
YCR =
0.1798
=4.495 m
0.040
16
Muro
Especificacin
Peso(Tn)
Y (m)
X (m)
PY
PX
1-1
10.125
4.50
0.125
45.563
1.266
22
1.688
5.075
1.500
8.567
2.532
3-3
1.181
5.075
5.375
5.994
6.348
4-4
0.405
5.075
7.450
2.055
3.017
5-5
10.125
4.500
7.875
45.563
79.734
6-6
0.641
0.075
4.975
0.048
3.189
77
0.535
0.075
0.700
0.040
0.375
8-8
1.541
1.075
1.225
1.560
1.777
9-9
2.644
3.975
4.375
10.510
11.568
10 - 10
2.194
0.975
4.375
2.139
9.599
122.039
119.405
30.989
X CM =
119 .405
=3.853 m
30.989
YCM =
122 .039
=3.938 m
30.989
17
18
SEGUNDO PISO
0.25
0.25 0.90
2.00
1.10
2.00
1.25
0.25
2.075
1.925
B
2.50
2.35
10.00
0.85 1.10
C
2.50
0.90
0.90
2.35
1.925
0.45
2.075
D
0.90
2.00
1.10
2.00
1.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
19
Direccin X
( m)
(m)
h
3
h
4
h
h
3 + 4
KX
E
10.00
2.50
0.25
30.00
4000.00
4030.00
0.0025
2-2
0.15
2.50
0.90
8.33
85.73
94.06
0.0016
3-3
0.15
2.50
1.10
6.82
46.96
53.78
0.0028
4-4
0.15
2.50
1.25
6.00
32.00
38.00
0.0039
5-5
10.00
2.50
0.25
30.00
4000.00
4030.00
0.0025
6-6
0.15
2.50
1.25
6.00
32.00
38.00
0.0039
7-7
0.15
2.50
1.10
6.82
46.96
53.78
0.0028
8-8
0.15
2.50
0.90
8.33
85.73
94.06
0.0016
9-9
0.15
2.50
2.50
3.00
4.00
7.00
0.0214
10-10
0.15
2.50
2.50
3.00
4.00
7.00
0.0214
Muro
e (m)
1-1
20
Direccin X
( m)
(m)
h
3
h
4
h
h
3 + 4
KX
E
2.075
2.50
0.25
30.00
4000.00
4030.00
0.0005
12-12
0.15
2.50
2.35
3.19
4.82
8.01
0.0187
13-13
0.15
2.50
2.35
3.19
4.82
8.01
0.0187
14-14
2.075
2.50
0.25
30.00
4000.00
4030.00
0.0005
15-15
1.925
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0001
16-16
1.10
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
17-17
0.15
2.50
0.45
16.67
685.87
702.54
0.0002
18-18
1.925
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0001
19-19
0.15
2.50
0.85
8.82
101.77
110.59
0.0014
20-20
0.15
2.50
0.85
8.82
101.77
110.59
0.0014
21-21
0.15
2.50
0.45
16.67
685.87
702.54
0.0002
Muro
e (m)
11-11
21
Direccin Y
( m)
(m)
h
3
h
4
h
h
3 + 4
KX
E
0.25
2.50
10.00
0.75
0.06
0.81
0.3086
2-2
0.90
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
3-3
1.10
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
4-4
1.25
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
5-5
0.25
2.50
10.00
0.75
0.06
0.81
0.3086
6-6
1.25
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
7-7
1.10
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
8-8
0.90
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
9-9
2.50
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0001
10-10
2.50
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0001
Muro
e (m)
1-1
22
Direccin Y
( m)
(m)
h
3
h
4
h
h
3 + 4
KX
E
0.25
2.50
2.075
3.61
7.00
10.61
0.0236
12-12
2.35
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0001
13-13
2.35
2.50
0.15
50.00
18.518.52
18568.52
0.0001
14-14
0.25
2.50
2.075
3.61
7.00
10.60
0.0236
15-15
0.15
2.50
1.925
3.90
8.76
12.66
0.0118
16-16
0.15
2.50
1.10
6.82
46.96
53.78
0.0028
17-17
0.45
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
18-18
0.15
2.50
1.925
3.90
8.76
12.66
0.0118
19-19
0.85
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
20-20
0.85
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
21-21
0.45
2.50
0.15
50.00
18518.52
18568.52
0.0000
Muro
e (m)
11-11
23
Muro
KX/E
KY/E
Y (m)
X (m)
(KX/E)y
(KY/E)x
1-1
0.0025
0.3086
5.0000
0.125
0.0125
0.0386
22
0.0016
0.0000
9.9250
0.700
0.0159
0.0000
3-3
0.0028
0.0000
9.9250
3.700
0.0278
0.0000
4-4
0.0039
0.0000
9.9250
7.125
0.0387
0.0000
5-5
0.0025
0.3086
5.0000
7.875
0.0125
2.4302
6-6
0.0039
0.0000
0.0750
7.125
0.0003
0.0000
77
0.0028
0.0000
0.0750
3.700
0.0002
0.0000
8-8
0.0016
0.0000
0.0750
0.700
0.0001
0.0000
9-9
0.0214
0.0001
3.9250
1.500
0.0840
0.0002
10 - 10
0.0214
0.0001
6.0750
1.500
0.1300
0.0002
24
Muro
KX/E
KY/E
Y (m)
X (m)
(KX/E)y
(KY/E)x
11 - 11
0.0005
0.0236
8.9625
4.375
0.0045
0.1033
12 12
0.0187
0.0001
6.0750
6.575
0.1136
0.0007
13 - 13
0.0187
0.0001
3.9250
6.575
0.0734
0.0007
14 - 14
0.0005
0.0236
1.0375
4.375
0.0005
0.1033
15 - 15
0.0001
0.0118
7.1125
3.725
0.0007
0.0440
16 -16
0.0000
0.0028
4.5500
5.475
0.0000
0.0153
17 17
0.0002
0.0000
2.0000
4.025
0.0004
0.0000
18 - 18
0.0001
0.0118
2.8875
3.725
0.0003
0.0440
19 - 19
0.0014
0.0000
6.0750
4.075
0.0085
0.0000
20 - 20
0.0014
0.0000
3.9250
4.075
0.005
0.0000
21-21
0.0002
0.0000
8.0000
4.025
0.0016
0.0000
0.1062
0.6912
0.5310
2.7805
X CR =
2.7805
=4.023 m
0.6912
YCR =
0.5310
=5.000 m
0.1062
25
Muro
Especificacin
Peso(Tn)
Y (m)
X (m)
PY
PX
1-1
11.250
5.000
0.125
56.250
1.406
22
0.608
9.925
0.700
6.034
0.426
3-3
0.743
9.925
3.700
7.374
2.749
4-4
0.844
9.925
7.125
8.377
6.014
5-5
11.250
5.000
7.875
56.250
88.594
6-6
0.844
0.075
7.125
0.063
6.014
77
0.743
0.075
3.700
0.056
2.749
8-8
0.608
0.075
0.700
0.046
0.426
9-9
1.688
3.925
1.500
6.625
2.532
10 - 10
1.688
6.075
1.500
10.255
2.532
26
Muro
Especificacin
Peso(Tn)
Y (m)
X (m)
PY
PX
11 - 11
2.334
8.9625
4.375
20.918
10.211
12 -12
1.586
6.0750
6.575
9.635
10.428
13 - 13
1.586
3.9250
6.575
6.225
10.428
14 - 14
2.334
1.0375
4.375
2.422
10.211
15 - 15
1.299
7.1125
3.725
9.239
4.839
16 - 16
0.743
4.5500
5.475
3.381
4.068
17 - 17
0.304
2.0000
4.025
0.608
1.224
18 - 18
1.299
2.8875
3.725
3.751
4.839
19 - 19
0.574
6.0750
4.075
3.487
2.339
20 - 20
0.574
3.9250
4.075
2.253
2.339
21-21
0.304
8.0000
4.025
2.432
1.224
215.681
17.592
43.203
X CM =
175 .592
= 4.064 m
43.203
YCM =
215.681
=4.992 m
43.203
27
28
29
J =
EXCENTRICIDAD:
Ky
E
X 2 +
Kx 2
Y
E
e = ex + ey
ex = xCM xCR
e y = y CM y CR
Primer piso:
Segundo piso:
Se evala el Momento Torsor en cada nivel y para cada direccin del sismo.
M Ti = Fi e
FixT = M txi
FiyT = M tyi
K ix ( Yi - YCR )
J
K iy ( X i - X CR )
J
30
Vi =
Vtraslacin +
Vtorsin
ey = ey = -0.557m
ey = 0.05 B = 0.05 x 9.00 = 0.45m
ex = ex = -0.109m
ex = 0.05 B = 0.05 x 8.00 = 0.4m
Mtx1 = F1 ey = 19149.7949 (-0.557) = -10666.44Kgs.
Mtx2 = F1 ey = 19149.7949 (0.45) = 8617.41Kgs.
Mty1 = F1 ex = 19149.7949 (-0.109) = -2087.33Kgs.
Genaro Delgado Contreras
31
SEGUNDO PISO
ey = ey = -0.008m
ey = 0.05 B = 0.05 x 9.00 = 0.45m
ex = ex = -0.041m
ex = 0.05 B = 0.05 x 8.00 = 0.4m
Mtx1 = F1 ey = 44614.9688 (-0.008) = -356.92Kgs.
Mtx2 = F1 ey = 44614.9688 (0.45) = 20076.74Kgs.
Mty1 = F1 ex = 44614.9688 (-0.041) = -1829.21Kgs.
Mty2 = F1 ex = 44614.9688 (0.4) = 17845.99Kgs
32
Direccin X
Muro
Kx / E
( Kx / E )
( F1 )
Kx / E
y (m)
Y = y - y CR
( Kx / E )Y
1-1
0.0022
1053.24
4.5
0.005
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
1053.24
2-2
0.0214
10245.14
5.075
0.58
0.0124
0.0072
-15.80
12.77
10257.91
3-3
0.009
4308.70
5.075
0.58
0.0052
0.003
-6.63
5.35
4314.06
4-4
0.0005
239.37
7.075
0.58
0.0003
0.0002
-0.38
0.31
239.68
5-5
0.0022
1053.24
4.5
0.005
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
1053.24
6-6
0.0019
909.62
0.075
-4.42
-0.0084
0.0371
10.70
-8.65
920.32
7-7
0.0016
765.99
0.075
-4.42
-0.0071
0.0313
9.05
-7.31
775.04
8-8
0.0001
47.87
1.075
-3.42
-0.0003
0.0012
0.38
-0.31
48.26
9-9
0.0006
287.25
3.975
-0.52
-0.0003
0.0002
0.38
-0.31
287.63
10-10
0.0005
239.37
0.975
-3.52
-0.0018
0.0062
2.29
-1.85
241.67
0.04
F1 = 19149.79489 Kg
Mt1x = -10666.44 Kg
Mt2x = 8617.41Kg
---------J =
( Kx / E )Y
0.0864
Ky
E
X 2 +
V (final)
----------
Kx 2
Y = 8.3709
E
33
Direccin Y
Muro
Ky / E
( Ky / E )
( F1 )
Ky / E
x (m)
X = x - xCR
( Ky / E ) X
1-1
0.2717
8522.52
0.125
-3.837
-1.0425
4.0001
259.96
-953.97
8782.48
2-2
0.0001
3.14
1.500
-2.462
-0.0002
0.0006
0.06
-0.23
3.20
3-3
0.0001
3.14
5.375
1.413
0.0001
0.0002
-0.04
0.13
3.27
4-4
0.0000
0.00
7.45
3.488
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
5-5
0.2717
8522.52
7.875
3.913
1.0632
4.1602
-265.11
972.86
9495.38
6-6
0.0000
0.00
4.975
1.013
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
7-7
0.0000
0.00
0.7
-3.262
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
8-8
0.0153
479.92
1.225
-2.737
-0.0419
0.1146
10.44
-38.32
490.36
9-9
0.0312
978.66
4.375
0.413
0.0129
0.0053
-3.21
11.79
990.45
10-10 0.0204
639.89
4.375
0.413
0.0084
0.0035
-2.10
7.71
647.60
0.6105
F = 19149.79489 Kg
Mt1y = -2087.33Kg
Mt2y = 7659.92Kg
----------
( Ky / E ) X
8.2845
V (final)
----------
J = 8.3709
34
Direccin X
Muro
Kx / E
( Kx / E )
( F2 )
Kx / E
y (m)
Y = y - y CR
( Kx / E )Y
1-1
0.0025
1050.26
5.000
0.000
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
1050.26
2-2
0.0016
672.17
9.925
4.925
0.0079
0.0388
-0.29
16.14
688.30
3-3
0.0028
1176.29
9.925
4.925
0.0138
0.0679
-0.50
28.24
1204.53
4-4
0.0039
1638.40
9.925
4.925
0.0192
0.0946
-0.70
39.33
1677.73
5-5
0.0025
1050.26
5.000
0.000
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
1050.26
6-6
0.0039
1638.40
0.075
-4.925
-0.0192
0.0946
0.70
-39.33
1639.10
7-7
0.0028
1176.29
0.075
-4.925
-0.0138
0.0679
0.50
-28.24
1176.79
8-8
0.0016
672.17
0.075
-4.925
-0.0079
0.0388
0.29
-16.14
672.45
9-9
0.0214
8990.21
3.925
-1.075
-0.0230
0.0247
0.84
-47.11
8991.05
10-10
0.0214
8990.21
6.075
1.075
0.0230
0.0247
-0.84
47.11
9037.32
( Kx / E )Y
V (final)
0.64
F2 = 44614.97 Kg
Mt1x = -356.92Kg
Mt2x = 20076.74Kg
J = 9.8049
35
Direccin X
Muro
Kx / E
( Kx / E )
( F2 )
Kx / E
y (m)
Y = y - y CR
( Kx / E )Y
11-11
0.0005
210.05
8.9625
3.9625
0.0020
0.0079
-0.07
4.06
214.11
12-12
0.0187
7855.93
6.0750
1.0750
0.0201
0.0216
-0.73
41.16
7897.09
13-13
0.0187
7855.93
3.9250
-1.0750
-0.0201
0.0216
0.73
-41.16
7856.66
14-14
0.0005
210.05
1.0375
-3.9625
-0.0020
0.0079
0.07
-4.06
210.12
15-15
0.0001
42.01
7.1125
2.1125
0.0002
0.0004
-0.01
0.43
42.44
16-16
0.0000
0.00
4.5500
-0.4500
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
17-17
0.0002
84.02
2.0000
-3.0000
-0.0006
0.0018
0.02
-1.23
84.04
18-18
0.0001
42.01
2.8875
-2.1125
-0.0002
0.0004
0.01
-0.43
42.02
19-19
0.0014
588.14
6.0750
1.0750
0.0015
0.0016
-0.05
3.08
591.23
20-20
0.0014
588.14
3.9250
-1.0750
-0.0015
0.0016
0.05
-3.08
588.20
21-21
0.0002
84.02
8.0000
3.0000
0.0006
0.0018
-0.02
1.23
85.25
0.1062
F2 = 44614.97Kg
Mt1x = -356.92Kg
Mt2x = 20076.74Kg
----------
( Kx / E )Y
0.5188
V (final)
----------
J = 9.8049
36
Direccin Y
Muro
Ky / E
( Ky / E )
( F2 )
Ky / E
y (m)
X = x - xCR
( Ky / E ) X
1-1
0.3086
19919.24
0.125
-3.898
-1.2029
4.6890
224.42
-2189.45
20143.66
2-2
0.0000
0.00
0.700
-3.323
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
3-3
0.0000
0.00
3.700
-0.323
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
4-4
0.0000
0.00
7.125
3.102
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
5-5
0.3086
19919.24
7.875
3.852
1.1887
4.5790
-221.77
2163.61
22082.85
6-6
0.0000
0.00
7.125
3.102
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
7-7
0.0000
0.00
3.700
-0.323
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
8-8
0.0000
0.00
0.700
-3.323
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
9-9
0.0001
6.45
1.500
-2.523
-0.0003
0.0006
0.05
-0.46
6.50
10-10
0.0001
6.45
1.500
-2.523
-0.0003
0.0006
0.05
-0.46
6.50
F = 44614.97Kg
Mt1y = -1829.21Kg
Mt2y = 17845.99Kg
( Ky / E ) X
V (final)
J = 9.8049
37
Direccin Y
Muro
Ky / E
( Ky / E )
( F2 )
Ky / E
y (m)
X = x - xCR
( Ky / E ) X
11-11
0.0236
1523.31
8.9625
0.352
0.0083
0.0029
-1.55
15.12
1538.43
12-12
0.0001
6.45
6.0750
2.552
0.0003
0.0007
-0.05
0.46
6.65
13-13
0.0001
6.45
3.9250
2.552
0.0003
0.0007
-0.05
0.46
6.65
14-14
0.0236
1523.31
1.0375
0.352
0.0083
0.0029
-1.55
15.12
1538.43
15-15
0.0118
761.66
7.1125
-0.298
-0.0035
0.0010
0.66
-6.40
762.31
16-16
0.0028
180.73
4.5500
1.452
0.0041
0.0059
-0.76
7.40
188.13
17-17
0.0000
0.00
2.0000
0.002
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
18-18
0.0118
761.66
2.8875
-0.298
-0.0035
0.0010
0.66
-6.40
762.31
19-19
0.0000
0.00
6.0750
0.052
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
20-20
0.0000
0.00
3.9250
0.052
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
21-21
0.0000
0.00
8.0000
0.002
0.0000
0.0000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.6912
F = 44614.97Kg
Mt1y = -1829.21Kg
Mt2y = 17845.99Kg
----------
( Ky / E ) X
9.2844
----------
J = 9.8049
38
39
3.55
3.875
400
2
= 2040.00
= 2751 .25
= 1520 .00
= 5791 .25
SEGUNDO PISO
Es igual al primero 5791.25 + 1080 .00 = 6871 .25kg
Acumulado
2 6871 .25
= 13742 .5kg
B
C
D
3.125
400
2
3.25
1.90
400
2
3.25
2.55 400
2
3.55
= 2218 .75
= 1235 .00
= 1657.5
= 5111 .25
Viga solera
= 1080 .00
Peso total
= 6191 .25
6191 .25 2
= 12382 .50kg
40
MURO 9 9
Viga solera
Losa
= 564.00
= 5510 .00
= 6074 .00
MURO 10 10
Viga solera
Losa
= 468 .00
= 7395 .00
= 7863.00
41
Peso
Muro
rea
2
(cm )
acumulado
de losa
( P2 ) (kg)
( P1 ) (kg)
fd =
P1 + P2 kg
rea cm 2
1-1
22500.00
13742.5
1.56
2-2
3750.00
0.90
3-3
2625.00
0.66
4-4
900.00
0.90
5-5
22500.00
12382.50
1.50
6-6
1425.00
641.00
0.45
7-7
1350.00
535.00
0.40
8-8
3225.00
1451.00
0.45
9-9
5375.00
6074.00
2419.00
1.58
10-10
5375.00
7863.00
2.16
42
SEGUNDO PISO
Muro
rea
rea
acumulada de
fd =
P1 + P2 kg
rea cm 2
(cm )
( P1 ) (kg)
1-1
25000.00
6871.25
11250.00
0.72
2-2
1350.00
608.00
0.45
3-3
1650.00
743.00
0.45
4-4
1875.00
844.00
0.45
5-5
25000.00
6191.25
11250.00
0.70
6-6
1875.00
544.00
0.45
7-7
1650.00
743.00
0.45
8-8
1350.00
608.00
0.45
9-9
3750.00
1688.00
0.45
10-10
3750.00
1688.00
0.45
11-11
5187.50
2334.00
1.03
12-12
3525.00
1586.00
0.45
13-13
3525.00
1586.00
0.45
14-14
5187.50
2334.00
1.03
15-15
2887.50
1299.00
0.45
16-16
1650.00
743.00
0.45
17-17
675.00
304.00
0.45
18-18
2887.50
1299.00
0.45
19-19
1275.00
574.00
0.45
20-20
1275.00
574.00
0.45
21-21
675.00
304.00
0.45
losa ( P2 ) (kg)
43
44
CHEQUEO AL CORTE
PRIMER PISO
Muro
A corte, Av
cm2
Direccin X
V (Kg)
f V (Kg/cm2)
Direccin Y
V (Kg)
f V (Kg/cm2)
11
22500.00
1053.24
0.05
8782.48
0.39
22
3750.00
10257.91
2.74
3.20
0.00
33
2625.00
4314.06
1.64
3.27
0.00
44
900.00
239.68
0.27
0.00
0.00
55
22500.00
1053.24
0.05
9495.38
0.42
66
1425.00
920.32
0.65
0.00
0.00
77
1350.00
775.04
0.57
0.00
0.00
88
3225.00
48.26
0.01
490.36
0.15
99
5375.00
287.63
0.05
990.45
0.18
10 10
5375.00
241.67
0.04
647.60
0.12
45
SEGUNDO PISO
A corte, Av
Muro
cm2
Direccin X
V (Kg)
f V (Kg/cm2)
Direccin Y
V (Kg)
f V (Kg/cm2)
11
25000.00
1050.26
0.04
20143.66
0.81
22
1350.00
688.30
0.51
0.00
0.00
33
1650.00
1204.53
0.73
0.00
0.00
44
1875.00
1677.73
0.89
0.00
0.00
55
25000.00
1050.26
0.04
22082.85
0.88
66
1875.00
1639.10
0.87
0.00
0.00
77
1650.00
1176.79
0.71
0.00
0.00
88
1350.00
672.45
0.50
0.00
0.00
99
3750.00
8991.05
2.40
6.50
0.00
10 10
3750.00
9037.32
2.41
6.50
0.00
11 11
5187.50
214.11
0.04
1538.43
0.30
12 12
3525.00
7897.09
2.24
6.92
0.00
13 13
3525.00
7856.66
2.23
6.92
0.00
14 14
5187.50
210.12
0.04
1538.43
0.30
15 15
2887.50
42.44
0.01
762.31
0.26
16 16
1650.00
0.00
0.00
188.13
0.11
17 17
675.00
84.04
0.12
0.00
0.00
18 18
2887.50
42.02
0.01
762.31
0.26
19 19
1275.00
591.23
0.46
0.00
0.00
20 20
1275.00
588.20
0.46
0.00
0.00
21 21
675.00
85.25
0.13
0.00
0.00
46
PRIMER PISO
Muro
fd
fv
fv
Obs.
11
1.56
0.39
1.48
OK
22
0.90
2.74
1.36
33
0.66
1.64
1.32
44
0.90
0.27
1.36
OK
55
1.50
0.42
1.47
OK
66
0.45
0.65
1.28
OK
77
0.40
0.57
1.27
OK
88
0.45
0.15
1.28
OK
99
1.58
0.18
1.48
OK
10 10
2.16
0.12
1.59
OK
47
SEGUNDO PISO
Muro
fd
fv
fv
Obs.
11
0.72
0.81
1.33
OK
22
0.450
0.51
1.28
OK
33
0.45
0.73
1.28
OK
44
0.45
0.89
1.28
OK
55
0.70
0.88
1.33
OK
66
0.45
0.87
1.28
OK
77
0.45
0.71
1.28
OK
88
0.45
0.50
1.28
OK
99
0.45
2.40
1.28
10 10
0.45
2.41
1.28
11 11
1.03
0.30
1.39
12 12
0.45
2.24
1.28
13 13
0.45
2.23
1.28
14 14
1.03
0.30
1.39
OK
15 15
0.45
0.26
1.28
OK
16 16
0.45
0.11
1.28
OK
17 17
0.45
0.12
1.28
OK
18 18
0.45
0.26
1.28
OK
19 19
0.45
0.46
1.28
OK
20 20
0.45
0.46
1.28
OK
21 21
0.45
0.13
1.28
OK
OK
48
PRIMER PISO
ELEMENTO 1-1 (Direccin Y)
Como se puede ver del plano de losa aligerada, el muro 1-1 tiene varios paos
confinados.
De las tablas de Correccin por torsin tenemos los siguientes resultados:
Correccin en Direccin X
Correccin en Direccin Y
1053.24Kg.
8782.48Kg.
0.25
Pao 1= 3.05 m
PAO 3
3.55
Pao 2= 2.15 m
Pao 3= 3.80 m
MURO
0.25
10.00 m
PAO 2
1.90
9.00m
V1=8782.4x3.05/9.00
V1=2976.26 kgs.
0.25
V2=8782.4x2.15/9.00
PAO 1
2.55
V2=2098.02 kgs.
V3=8782.4x3.80/9.00
0.25
V3=3708.12 kgs.
1.00
1
49
V1=2976.26 kgs.
0.9V
f 'c
=0.9 x 2976.26/
210
Lm
2.55
= ( 2976.26 )
= 379.47
2L
2 10.00
0.10 0.00025
20 cm
d = 16 cm
Acero longitudinal
4 3/8
Estribos
1 @0.05m, 4 @0.10m
Resto @ 0.25m
25 cm
Pao2
V2=2098.02 kgs.
50
Ac =
0.9V
f 'c
=0.9 x 2098.02/
210
Lm
1.90
= ( 2098.02 )
= 199.31
2L
2 10.00
0.053 0.00025
20 cm
d = 16 cm
Acero longitudinal
4 3/8
Estribos
1 @0.05m, 4 @0.10m
Resto @ 0.25m
25 cm
Pao3
Ac =
0.9V
f 'c
V3=3708.12 kgs.
=0.9 x 3708.12/
210
Lm
3.55
= ( 3708.12 )
= 658.19
2L
2 10.00
0.174 0.00025
20 cm
d = 16 cm
Acero longitudinal
4 3/8
Estribos
1 @0.05m, 4 @0.10m
Resto @ 0.25m
25 cm
COLUMNAS
Columnas que estn en el eje 1 1
52
Acf =
Vc
Ac 15 t cm 2
0.2 f c
Acf =
Vm1 . Lm
8782.48 ( 3.55)
= 1.5
= 935.33
L( N c + 1)
10( 5)
Vc
935.33
=
= 26.2cm 2
0.2 f c ( 0.2)( 210)( 0.85)
Ac 15 t = 15( 25 ) = 375cm 2
como en el plano
( mnimo )
625cm2, que es un valor mayor a las reas halladas tomaremos este valor.
Determinacin del refuerzo vertical:
Tomando acero mnimo:
As
( mnimo
4 8mm )
=1/4
25 cm
53
Metrado de Cargas
Carga viva:
sobrecarga 200kg m 2
Carga muerta:
Losa:
Vigueta:
Ladrillo:
= 40.00
= 36.00
= 84.00
Peso por m :
1.00
8.00
0.30
= 27.00
111.00kg
1.00
111
0.40
= 300 kg m 2
=100 kg m 2
= 500 kg m 2
= 200 + 500
= 700 kg m 2
=100 kg m 2
Wu =1.5CM +1.8CV
Wu vigueta
1110.00
2.5
=1110.00 kg m 2
=444.00 kg m
ANLISIS ESTRUCTURAL
Luces de clculo
Se compara la luz libre (L L) + espesor de la losa (H) con la luz entre ejes (L e);
se trabaja con la menor.
55
Tramo 1-2:
LL + H
Le
= 4.00 + 0.20
= 0.125 + 4.00 + 0.125
= 4.20m
= 4.25m
= 3.25 + 0.20
= 0.125 + 3.25 + 0.125
= .3.45m
= 3.50m
Tramo 2-3:
LL + H
Le
Coeficientes
BA =
I
4.20
I
I
+
4.20 3.45
= 0.45
BC =
I
3.45
I
I
+
4.20 3.45
= 0.55
M AB =
M BA
M BC
M CB
= 652.68 653kg m
= +652.68 653kg m
= 440 .39 440kg m
= +440 .39 440kg m
+0.8
-653
+0.45 +0.55
+653 -440
+0.8
+440
+522
-96 -117
-352
-48
+261 -176
-59
+38
-38 -47
+47
56
-19
+19 24
-24
+15
-19 -24
+19
-10
+8 +10
-12
+8
-8 -10
+10
-4
+4 +5
-5
+3
-4 -5
+4
-2
+2 +2
-3
+2
-2 -2
+2
-1
+1 +1
-1
+1
-1 -1
+1
+780 -780
+67
-148
M A = 148kg m
M B = 780kg m
M C = 67kg m
R A =
780 + 148
= 150kg
4.20
R B =
148 + 780
= 150kg
4.20
R B =
67 + 780
= +207kg
.345
RC =
780 + 67
= 207kg
3.45
REACCIONES ISOSTTICAS
932
-150
782
932
150
1082
766
207
973
766
-207
559
57
REACCIONES FINALES
R A = 782kg
R B = 2055kg
RC = 559kg
X2
2
dM
= 0 782 = 444 X
dX
X max = 1.76m
Tramo B C:
X2
2
dM
= 0 973 = 444 X
dX
X max = 2.19m
Carga ltima:
Me
-148
541
-780
286
-67
58
1.
M = 148 kg m
Mu
148 100
=
= 0.02876
2
2
fc b d
0.9 210 10 (16.5 )
W = 0.029
=W
fc
210
= 0.029
= 0.00145
fy
4200
2.
13 8
M =541 kg m
Mu
541 100
=
= 0.02628
2
2
fc b d
0.9 210 40 (16.5 )
W = 0.027
=W
fc
210
= 0.027
= 0.00135
fy
4200
3.
13 8
M = 780 kg m
Mu
780 100
=
= 0.15159
2
2
fc b d
0.9 210 10 (16.5 )
W = 0.017
=W
fc
210
= 0.017
= 0.0085
fy
4200
2 3 8
59
Vu = 0.575Wu
Vud = 0.996T
Vu =
Vud
0.996
=
= 6.71kg cm 2
bw d 0.9 10 16.5
Vud = 0.8591T
Vu =
Vud
0.8591 1000
=
= 5.785 kg cm 2
bw d 0.9 10 16.5
S=
0.32 100
= 32cm
1.00
1 4 a 0.25m
60
L1
h - 0.05
L2
L1/5
L1/12 L1/6
L1/6
L1/5
L2/6 L2/12
L2/5
L2/5
L2/6
h -0.05
d = h 5
a = el que sea mayor
12db
h: peralte de losa.
db: seccin de varilla de acero usado.
61
62
VIGAS EN VOLADIZO
Si una vivienda econmica tiene dos pisos por lo general el segundo piso tiene
un voladizo.
Para estructurar los voladizos se colocarn vigas peraltadas que tendrn que
ser diseados de acuerdo a la teora de anlisis Estructural y de Concreto
Armado.
X2
2
P2
2
63
1
rea
EI
) (X )
tB A =
1 P2
EI
2
1 3
3 4
tB A =
AB
P4
8EI
64
DISEO DE VIGAS
DISEO DE VIGAS PERALTADAS
En la zona del volado se colocarn peraltadas.
Metrado de cargas
Peso de losa aligerada
= 600.00
Peso de tabique
Sobrecarga
65
Diseo de la viga
M=
1
( 5445.00 )(1.00 ) 2 = 2722.50kg m
2
Mu
2722.50 100
=
= 0.02976
2
2
fc bd
0.9 210 25 ( 44 )
De tabla:
W = 0.030
= 0.030
210
= 0.0015
4200
2 1 2
AS = 0.0015 25 44 = 1.65cm 2
AV = 3.5
bS
fy
Luego se colocarn:
1 4 : 1 a 0.10m
resto a 0.20m
Viga IV 2
Trabajaremos con una viga de 0.25 0.50m 2 .
Metrado de cargas
Cargas permanentes
66
= 1200.00
= 300 .00
Peso de tabique
Sobrecarga
Wu = 10440 .00 kg m
Diseo de la viga
M=
1
(10440.00)(1.00 ) 2 = 5220.00kg m
2
Mu
5220 .00 100
=
= 0.05706
2
2
fc bd
0.9 210 25 ( 44 )
De tabla:
W = 0.059
= 0.059
210
= 0.00295
4200
AS = 0.00295 25 44 = 3.245cm 2
1 2+13 8
V <VC
resto a 0.20m
el mismo espesor que la losa pero que a diferencia de las peraltadas estas no
se ven una vez vaciada la losa.
El comportamiento estructural es el mismo solo que la viga chata lleva ms
cantidad de acero que la peraltada. En nuestro caso vamos a disear la viga
chata del primer piso que est en la zona de la sala comedor.
luz = 3.55m
1
( 3.125 + 3.875 ) 100
2
300.00
= 240.00
Peso de tabique
= 1125 .00
= 1050 .00
= 2415 .00
300.00
Sobrecarga
1
( 4.00 + 3.25 ) 100 = 1087.50
2
5580.00 kg/m
3.55m
M AB =
M centro luz
+0.8
-5860.00
+4688.00
-2344
+1875
-938
+750
+8790.00
+0.80
+5860.00
-4688.00
+2344
-1875
+938
-750
68
-375
+300
-150
+120
-60
+48
-24
+19
-15
+12
-6
+5
-3
+2
-1
+1
-1956
+6834
+375
-300
+150
-120
+60
-48
+24
-19*
+15
-12
+6
-5
+3
-2
+1
-1
+1956
M A = 1956 kg m
M centro luz = 6834 kg m
M B = 1956 .00kg m
Mu
1956.00 100
=
= 0.076
2
2
fc bd
0.9 210 50 16.5
= 0.08
210
= 0.0045
4200
1 2+13 8
W = 0.85 0.7225
W = 0.85 0.7225
1.70M u
fc bd 2
1.70 6834 100
W = 0.3294
= 0.3294
210
= 0.01647
4200
69
1 1 +3 3 4
70
71
Espesor de la losa
e:
e=
300
= 0.12m
25
Trabajamos
una
losa
con
de
0.15m
Metrado de cargas:
a)
0.25 m
0.18 m
0.25 m
0.25 m
x
0.25 m
e = 0.15 m
72
Cos =0.8064516
TRABAJANDO POR METRO DE LONGITUD
0.15 1.00
Peso de losa
1.00
2400 .00
cos
= 446.40
1
1
1.00
60
cos
= 216.00
= 172.00
= 74.40
= 908.80
Observaciones:
1.
Multiplicamos por
1.00
porque trabajamos con la proyeccin.
cos
cos =
2.
1.00
1.00
X =
X
cos
1.00
gradas, es decir 4 gradas por metro de longitud.
0.25
1 grada = 0.25m
N gradas = 1.00m
N gradas =
1.00 m
1.00
= 4.00
0.25
73
a)
b)
= 360.00
Peso de acabados
= 100.00
Revoque inferior
= 60.00
= 520.00
Determinacin de sobrecargas
Trabajaremos con
200.00 kg m 2
1.00 200.00 = 200.00 kg m
c)
Clculo de W u
Wu = 1.5D + 1.8L
Tramo inclinado
Wu = 1723.20 kg m
Tramo horizontal
Wu = 1140.00 kg m
1723.20 Kg/m
1.75 m
1140.00 Kg/m
1.00 m
1140.00 Kg/m
1.00 m
1723.20 Kg/m
1.50 m
74
1723.20 Kg/m
1140.00 Kg/m
B
1.75 m
1.00 m
R A = 2263.36kg
2.75R B = 1723 .20 1.75 0.875 + 1140 .00 1.00 2.25
R B = 1892.24kg
M = 2263 .36 1723.20
X2
2
Mu
1486.41 100
=
= 0.0546
2
2
fc bd
0.9 210 100 12
W = 0.056
= 0.056
210
= 0.0028
4200
0.71 100
= 21.13cm
3.36
a 0.21m
Armadura negativa
75
AS ( ) =
1
AS ( + ) = 1.68cm 2
2
3 8 espaciados a S =
3 3 8
0.71 100
= 42.26cm
1.68
a 0.42m
1140.00 Kg/m
1723.20 Kg/m
B
1.00 m
1.50 m
( X 1) 2
2
X = 1.21m
M max (1.21) = 1687 .44(1.21) 1140.00(1.21 0.5 ) 1723 .20 1.50
(1.21 1) 2
2
Clculo de acero
76
Mu
1175 .41 100
=
= 0.043
2
2
f c bd
0.9 210 100 12
W = 0.044
= 0.044
210
= 0.0022
4200
0.71 100
= 26.89cm
2.64
Se requieren
3 3 8
espaciados a 0.27m
Armadura negativa
AS ( ) =
1
AS ( + ) = 1.32cm 2
2
0.71100
= 0.54cm
1.32
2 3 8
a 0.50m
Acero de temperatura
e = 0.15m
3 8 a 0.30m
77
78
2.
3.
79
2.
600.00kg
600.00kg
1200 .00kg
3.
200.00kg
225.00kg
425 .00kg
4.
Peso de muros
Primer piso
Segundo piso
80
5.
Sobrecarga
200.00 2.00 1.00
150 .00 2.25 1.00
Primer piso
Segundo piso
6.
400.00kg
337 .50kg
737 .50kg
Sobrecimiento
2200 ( 0.50 0.25 1.00 ) = 275 .00kg
7.
Cimiento
2200 ( 0.80 b 1.00 ) = 1760 .00b kg
Peso de:
Losa aligerada
Ladrillo pastelero y
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
acabados
Vigas soleras
Muros
Sobrecarga
Sobrecimiento
Cimiento
Peso ( kg ) / ml
1200.00
425.00
240.00
2205.00
737.50
275.00
1760.00b
5082.5+1760.00b
P
A
A=
b(1.00 ) =
5082.50 + 1760.00b
1.425 10 4
b = 0.407m
2.
1087 .50kg
1087 .50kg
2175 .00kg
Primer piso
Segundo piso
3.
387 .50kg
362 .50kg
750.00kg
Primer piso
Segundo piso
360.00kg
4.
Peso de muros
1800.00 0.25 2.40 1.00 1080.00kg
1800 .00 0.25 2.50 1.00 1125 .00kg
Primer piso
Segundo piso
2205.00kg
5.
Sobrecarga
200.00 3.625 1.00
150.00 3.875 1.00
Primer piso
Segundo piso
6.
725 .00kg
581 .25kg
1306 .25kg
Sobrecimiento
2200 ( 0.50 0.25 1.00 ) = 275 .00kg
7.
Cimiento
2200 ( 0.80 b 1.00 ) = 1760 .00b kg
8.
9.
Peso de:
Losa aligerada
Ladrillo pastelero y
acabados
10.
Vigas soleras
11.
Muros
12.
Sobrecarga
13.
Sobrecimiento
14.
Cimiento
Peso ( kg ) / ml
2175.00
750.00
360.00
2205.00
1306.25
275.00
1760.00b
7071.25+1760.00b
Para = 1.425 kg cm 2 .
b(1.00 ) =
7071.25 + 1760.00b
1.425 10 4
82
b = 0.566m
2.
Peso de muros
Primer piso
Segundo piso
83
3.
Sobrecimiento
2200 ( 0.50 0.15 1.00 ) = 165.00kg
4.
Cimiento
2200 ( 0.80 b 1.00 ) = 1760 .00b kg
1.
Peso ( kg ) / ml
Peso de:
Vigas de
amarre
2.
Muros
3.
Sobrecimiento
4.
Cimiento
240.00
1323.00
165.00
1760.00b
1728.00+1760.00b
Para = 1.425 kg cm 2 .
b(1.00 ) =
1728.00 + 1760.00b
1.425 10 4
b =0.138m
b =0.40m
84
85
Donde:
V = 1.00
Z = 1.00
87
2.20
0.20
2.20
0.20
0.20
2.70
0.20
2.70
0.20
2.35
88
MUROS DE CORTE
Los Muros de albailera, por la gran rigidez y resistencia en su plano, son
elementos muy eficaces para transmitir acciones ssmicas paralelas a su
plano.
Cuando un muro transmite principalmente fuerzas cortantes en su plano
recibe el nombre de MURO DE CORTE.
Los muros de corte de albailera pueden ser de dos tipos:
1.
2.
89
90
Fuerza ssmica
( 2)
(1)
91
2.
92
responden a la relacin
=P A .
93
La viga T es un artificio.
En este tipo de estructuras no hay flexo compresin por las alturas
consideradas y porque estamos en modo cortante.
94
Del grfico =
Por
resistencia
de
materiales
=
c alb
=
Gc Galb
Se asume
Gc
KE c
=
Galb KE alb
c =
Ec
alb
E alb
c = n alb
Ac c = nAc alb
E c = 15000 f c
E alb = 500 fm
fc = 175 kg cm 2
Para
fm = 35 kg cm 2
n = 11.33
Trabajamos con n = 11
Si
la
columna
es
de
15 25 = 375cm 2
La
seccin
transformada
= 11 375 = 4125cm 2
95
.
la seccin transformada donde E c = 15000 f c y E m = 500 fm
Trabajando
n=
fc = 175 kg cm 2 y
con
fm = 35 kg cm 2
tenemos
que
E c 198431 .35
=
= 11.33
Em
17500
Muro 3 - 3
Muro 2 - 2
0.25
2.50 m
0.25
Muro 4 - 4
1.75 m
1.50 m
0.60 0.25
0.90 m
Confinado
0.25 2.25 m 0.15
0.15
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.90 m
0.90 m
96
A = 3.93m 2
XA = 17.20m
X CG = 4.3765m
4
El momento de inercia respecto al centro de gravedad es ICG = 30.4935m .
16447 .51
= 1.14 < 1.36 ok
14375
Muro 3-3
V = 6917 .18kg
6917 .18
= 0.52 < 1.32 ok
13250
En la que:
Compresin axial
97
h
1
Fa =0.20 fm
35 t
35 0.15
Fa = 5.41kg cm 2
b.
Fm = 0.40 fm
Fm = 0.40 35 = 14 kg cm 2
MURO 2 -2
MURO 3-3
2.50
1.75
MURO 4 - 4
0.60
3376.00kg
Muro 3-3
1721.00kg
Muro 4-4
810.00kg
El peso total P
P = 3376 + 1721 + 810 = 5907kg
5907 1.30 = 7679 .1kg
El momento M ser
h=
4
El ICG = 30.4935m
G=
P M
A S
S=
t 2
6
39300cm 2 7529259 cm 3
G = 0.195
kg
kg
0.980
2
cm
cm 2
Finalmente
fa
f
+ m 1
Fa Fm
f a = 0.195 kg cm 2
Fm = 14.00 kg cm 2
fm = 0.98 kg cm 2
0.195 0.98
+
5.41
14
0.036 + 0.07 = 0.106 <<< 1.33 ok
99
0.25
4.00
0.25
3.25
0.25
0.25
0.20
2.50
5.50
3.875
3.125
0.20
1.90
2.50
0.25
0.40
Zona de carga que recibe la columna
=1031 .72kg
= 832 .03kg
1863 .75kg
Segundo piso
Total
1863 .75kg
3727 .50kg
Viga chata
Primer piso
Segundo piso
Total
= 426.00kg
= 426.00kg
852.00kg
100
Viga de amarre
Primer piso
= 435 .00kg
Segundo piso
= 435 .00kg
870 .00kg
Columnas
Primer piso
= 435 .00kg
Segundo piso
= 375 .00kg
810 .00kg
Sobrecarga
Primer piso
=1286 .87kg
Segundo piso
=1177 .03kg
2463 .90kg
= 643.44kg
Segundo piso
= 784.69kg
Muro
1800 .00 2.50 0.15 3.625
Segundo piso
= 2446 .875kg
Zapata
Considerando 0.80m de alto y de seccin cuadrada
2400 .00 0.80 a 2 = 1920.00kg
P
A
101
La columna 2-2, B-B recibir la otra parte que recibe la columna 2-2, A-A.
Adems recibir la parte correspondiente al pao B-B. C-C entre 1-1,3-3 (ver
Pg. 3).
Dejamos como ejercicio calcular las dimensiones. Solucin 1.15 1.15m 2 .
102
Cuanta =
.0
.01
.02
.03
.04
.05
.06
.07
.08
.09
.10
.11
.12
.13
.14
.15
.16
.17
.18
.19
.20
.21
.22
.23
.24
.25
.26
.27
.28
.29
.30
.31
.32
.33
.34
.35
.36
.37
.38
.39
.000
.0
.0099
.0197
.0295
.0391
.0485
.0579
.0671
.0762
.0852
.0941
.1029
.1115
.1200
.1284
.1367
.1449
.1529
.1609
.1687
.1764
.1840
.1914
.1988
.2060
.2131
.2201
.2270
.2337
.2404
.2469
.2533
.2596
.2657
.2718
.2777
.2835
.2892
.2948
.3003
Ejemplo:
.001
.0010
.0109
.0207
.0304
.0400
.0495
.0588
.0680
.0771
.0861
.0950
.1037
.1124
.1209
.1293
.1375
.1457
.1537
.1617
.1695
.1772
.1847
.1922
.1995
.2067
.2138
.2208
.2277
.2344
.2410
.2475
.2539
.2602
.2664
.2724
.2783
.2841
.2898
.2954
.3008
diseo
.002
.0020
.0119
.0217
.0314
.0410
.0504
.0597
.0689
.0780
.0870
.0959
.1046
.1133
.1217
.1301
.1384
.1465
.1545
.1624
.1703
.1779
.1855
.1929
.2002
.2075
.2145
.2215
.2284
.2351
.2417
.2482
.2546
.2608
.2670
.2730
.2789
.2847
.2904
.2959
.3013
del
acero
.003
.0030
.0129
.0226
.0324
.0420
.0513
.0607
.0699
.0789
.0879
.0967
.1055
.1141
.1226
.1309
.1392
.1473
.1553
.1632
.1710
.1787
.1962
.1937
.1010
.2082
.2152
.2222
.2290
.2357
.2423
.2488
.2552
.2614
.2676
.2736
.2795
.2853
.2909
.2965
.3019
.004
.0040
.0139
.0236
.0333
.0429
.0523
.0616
.0708
.0798
.0888
.0976
.1063
.1149
.1234
.1318
.1400
.1481
.1561
.1640
.1718
.1794
.1870
.1944
.1017
.2089
.2159
.2229
.2297
.2364
.2430
.2495
.2558
.2621
.2682
.2742
.2801
.2858
.2915
.2970
.3024
positivo
de
.005
.0050
.0149
.0246
.0343
.0438
.0532
.0625
.0717
.0807
.0897
.0985
.1072
.1158
.1243
.1326
.1408
.1489
.1569
.1648
.1726
.1802
.1877
.1951
.1024
.2096
.2166
.2236
.2304
.2371
.2437
.2501
.2565
.2627
.2688
.2748
.2807
.2864
.2920
.2975
.2029
una
.006
.0060
.0159
.0256
.0352
.0448
.0541
.0634
.0726
.0816
.0906
.0994
.1081
.1166
.1251
.1334
.1416
.1497
.1577
.1656
.1733
.1810
.1885
.1959
.2031
.2103
.2173
.2243
.2311
.2377
.2443
.2508
.2571
.2633
.2694
.2754
.1812
.2870
.2926
.2981
.3025
losa
.007
.0070
.0168
.0266
.0362
.0457
.0551
.0643
.0735
.0825
.0915
.1002
.1089
.1175
.1259
.1342
.1425
.1506
.1585
.1664
.1741
.1817
.1892
.1966
.2039
.2110
.2180
.2249
.2317
.2384
.2450
.2514
.2577
.2639
.2700
.2760
.2818
.2875
.2931
.2986
.3040
aligerada
fc
dy
.008
.0080
.0178
.0275
.0372
.0467
.0560
.0653
.0744
.0834
.0923
.1011
.1098
.1183
.1268
.1351
.1433
.1514
.1593
.1671
.1749
.1825
.1900
.1973
.2046
.2117
.2187
.2256
.2324
.2391
.2456
.2520
.2583
.2645
.2706
.2766
.2824
.2881
.2937
.2992
.3045
.009
.0090
.0188
.0285
.0381
.0476
.0569
.0662
.0753
.0843
.0932
.1020
.1106
.1192
.1276
.1359
.1441
.1522
.1601
.1679
.1756
.1832
.1907
.1981
.2053
.2124
.2194
.2263
.2331
.2397
.2463
.2527
.2590
.2651
.2712
.2771
.2830
.2887
.2943
.2997
.3051
de
0.20m
Mu
755.68 100
=
= 0.037, = 0.038
2
0.90 210 40(16.5 ) 2
f c b d
Cuanta =
fc
210
= 0.038
= 0.0019
fy
4200
103
1/4
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
1 3/8
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#8
# 11
pulg
3.581
2.540
1.005
1.587
1.270
0.953
0.635
cms
Dimetro
11.2
8.00
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
2.00
cms
Perl.
7.95
4.04
2.26
1.60
1.02
0.58
0.25
Kg/ml
Peso
10.6
5.10
2.84
2.00
1.29
0.71
0.32
20.12
10.2
5.68
4.00
2.58
1.42
0.64
30.18
15.3
8.52
6.00
3.87
2.13
0.96
40.24
20.40
11.36
8.00
5.16
2.84
1.28
50.3
25.5
14.2
10.0
6.45
3.55
1.60
60.36
30.0
17.04
12.0
7.74
4.26
1.92
70.42
35.7
19.88
14.0
9.03
4.97
2.24
80.48
40.8
22.72
16.0
10.32
5.68
2.56
90.54
45.9
25.56
18.0
11.61
6.39
2.88
100.6
51.0
28.4
20.0
12.9
7.10
3.20
10
110.66
56.1
31.24
22.0
14.19
7.81
3.52
11
120.72
61.2
34.08
24.0
15.48
8.82
3.84
12
104
CC 1 - 1
CC 7 - 7
CC 2 - 2
CC 4 - 4
CC 5 - 5
CC 8 - 8
CC 3 - 3
CC 6 - 6
CC 9 - 9
Z1
Ejm.
CIMENTACIN
105