Unidad 7 M Fluidos
Unidad 7 M Fluidos
Unidad 7 M Fluidos
CTCN-0037
Mecánica de Fluidos
WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW BY NOW?
8
THE CLASSICAL BERNOULLI EQUATION
1 1 1 2 2 2
9
THE CLASSICAL BERNOULLI EQUATION
1 1 1 2 2 2
1 2
1 1 2 2
10
THE CLASSICAL BERNOULLI EQUATION
1 1 1 2 2 2
1 2
1 1 2 2
1 2
1 1 2 2
11
EJEMPLO
16
¿QUIZ?
19
¿QUIZ ?
20
¿QUIZ?
• Efectos de
compresibilidad
• Efectos del flujo no
permanente
• Efectos rotacionales
THE ENERGY EQUATION
The energy equation is derived from the First Law of Thermodynamics
(conservation of energy)
D
Dt sys e d V
C
innet Tnet
in
sys
where the total stored energy per unit mass (e) is:
V2
e u gz
internal energy 2 potential energy 25
kinetic energy
THE ENERGY EQUATION…
• For steady flow, the first term of the general energy term is zero. Also, because the
normal vector can only be non-zero in or out of the control surface and mass is
conserved (continuity), the energy equation becomes:
t
CV
e d V 0
p V2 p V2 p V2
CS 2
u gz
V n
ˆ dA
u
2
gz
m
u
2
gz m
flow flow
out in
2
pout pin Vout Vin2
m uout uin gz out gz in C net Tshaft
2 2 in net in
p
• The term u is the fluid’s enthalpy designated by h
Vout2
Vin2
m hout hin g z out zin C net Tshaft
2 in net in 26
ENERGY AND BERNOULLI’S EQUATIONS
• Consider the one-dimensional energy equation for steady flow
with no shaft energy.
2
pout pin Vout Vin2
m uout uin gz out gz in C net
2 2 in
• Dividing through by the mass flow rate:
pout 2
Vout pin Vin2
gz out gz in uout uin qnet
2 2 in
• Neglecting friction:
2
pout Vout pin Vin2
gz out gz in
2 2
• Pragmatically, there is always friction (and energy loss), however.
Thus, friction is represented by the term
u out uin qnet loss
27
in
ENERGY AND BERNOULLI’S
EQUATIONS…
• The energy equation becomes:
2
pout Vout pin Vin2
gz out gz in loss
2 2
wshaft W shaft m
where net in netin