1.

Red-headed vulture (Cathartes aura)

The red-headed vulture is what is known as the "new world vulture" and belongs to the
cathartidae family. Their populations extend throughout the American continent except for
northern Canada, although their breeding areas are limited to Central and South America. It
is a scavenger animal. It has black plumage and a red, plucked head, its wingspan is 1.80
meters. It lives in many different habitats, from the Amazon rainforest to the Rocky
Mountains.

2. Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)

The golden eagle is a fairly cosmopolitan bird. It is found throughout the Asian continent,
Europe, certain areas of North Africa and the western part of the United States. This species
occupies a wide range of habitats, flat or mountainous, from sea level to 4,000 meters. In
the Himalayas it has been seen at more than 6,200 meters above sea level.
It is a carnivorous animal with a very varied diet, as it can hunt mammals, birds, reptiles,
fish, amphibians, insects and also carrion. Their prey does not exceed 4 kilograms in
weight. They usually hunt in pairs or small groups.

3. Common goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)

The common goshawk or northern goshawk inhabits the entire northern hemisphere except
for the polar and circumpolar zone. It is a medium-sized raptor, about 100 centimeters in
wingspan. It is characterized by having its entire belly covered in black and white. The
dorsal part of its body and wings are dark gray. It lives in forests, preferring areas near the
edge of the forest and clearings. Their diet is based on small birds and small mammals.
 1) Long-eared owls (genus Asio)

Long-eared owls (genus Asio) are distributed on all continents except Antarctica
and Oceania. The species Asio flammeus or short-eared owl is the most
widespread. They are medium-sized birds, smaller than eagle owls but larger than
other nocturnal birds of prey.

They also have tufts on their heads, but their most striking feature is that they have
a disc-shaped face. Although they belong to the group of nocturnal birds of prey,
these animals are rather crepuscular.

2) Scops owls (genus Otus)

Scops owls (genus Otus) are extremely cryptic birds, disappearing completely
when they are next to a log. They have tufts on their heads. They feed on
invertebrate animals, rarely hunting mammals.

They are small birds, around 20 centimeters in length and do not usually weigh
more than 100 grams, with some exceptions, such as the Mindanao owl (Otus
gurneyi), which measures about 30 centimeters. They are monogamous birds.
More than 50 species of scops owl are known, spread throughout the world, except
Antarctica and Oceania.
 3) Owls (genera Tyto and Phodilus)

Owls (genera Tyto and Phodilus) are medium-large birds. One of its main features
is its heart-shaped facial disc. Species of the genus Tyto do not have tufts on their
heads, unlike those of the genus Phodilus, which do.

They usually have white, beige or brown plumage. They are found on all
continents, avoiding polar or desert areas. They feed on small vertebrates and can
hunt in total darkness. The most studied species of owl is the barn owl (Tyto alba).
1) Blue-winged Parakeet (Forpus xanthopterygius)
• Size: 10 to 15 cm.
• Class: Birds
• Order: Psittaciformes
• Family: Psittacidae
• Genus: Forpus
• Species: F. xanthopterygius
It is a small parakeet, with a short, pointed tail. This species presents sexual
dimorphism, the plumage of the females is completely green and the males have
blue wings. Its iris is black and its beak is whitish.
• Conservation status: Least concern.
• Nutrition: They feed on seeds.
• Habitat: It lives in forested areas.
• Distribution: Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
• Reproduction: It is oviparous, it can deposit about six eggs per clutch and the
incubation period has an average duration of 15 days.

2) The Cacatua haematuropygia or Philippine cockatoo

The Philippine cockatoo (Cacatua heamaturopygia) is a species of bird in the
cockatoo family, which is in serious danger of extinction.
Description
It is all white except for the crest feathers, which are yellow or pink; and because of
the reddish color it has near the cloaca that makes it easily identifiable.
It has a length of about 30-32 cm, and a weight of about 300 g.
Distribution and habitat
It is endemic to the Fairy Islands, where it has small populations on the islands of
Palawan, Tawi-tawi, Mindanao and Masbate; and there is a captive population
bred by the conservation organization Birds International near Manila.
Its habitat is humid low areas, such as mangroves or rice fields.
State of their populations
It has suffered a rapid and strong reduction in its populations, especially due to the
destruction of its habitats and its capture to be sold as a domestic bird. Its current
population is estimated between 1,000 and 4,000 individuals, which is why it has
been considered by the IUCN as critically endangered.
Reproduction
Cacatua haematuropygia - MHNT
Their clutches are 2-3 eggs. Incubation lasts about 28 days.

3) The hyacinth macaw, or hyacinthine macaw

Is a parrot native to central and eastern South America. With a length of about one
meter it is longer than any other species of parrot.
It is the largest macaw and the largest flying parrot species; the flightless kākāpō of
New Zealand outweighs it at up to 3.5 kg.
 Conservation status: Vulnerable (Population decreasing) Encyclopedia of
Life
 Lifespan: 50 years (In the wild)
 Scientific name: Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus
 Mass: 1.2 – 1.7 kg (Adult)
 Class: Aves
 Domain: Eukaryota
 Family: Psittacidae
1) The red piranga or fueguero (Piranga flava)
It is a species of passerine bird of the Cardinalidae family found in South America.
Previously it was considered conspecific of the hepatic piranga and the mountain
piranga.
Description
They measure between 17 and 19 cm in length. The male has orange-red plumage
and a rufous back, which makes it very similar to the male of the red piranga (P.
rubra), distinguished by having a black beak and a more intense color. It has a
darker patch in the ear region.
Taxonomy
The vermilion piranga was scientifically described in 1822 by the French
ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot. Traditionally, the Piranga genus was
classified in the Thraupidae family, but genetic analyzes indicated its transfer to the
Cardinalidae family.
Distribution
Its range extends through the open forests of South America, from southern
Guyana, through eastern Bolivia and Brazil, and reaching Argentina in the south.
Its habitats are capueras, open forests, and savannahs.
Feeding
It looks for its food high in the trees, moving slowly and methodically. In the
summer, the northern populations feed mainly on insects and arachnids, and some
fruits. In Mexico, it has been observed that they feed on nectar, and from Oaxaca
to the south, on leafhopper ants.

2) The Red-crested Cardinal

It is one of the 14 species of birds that we can see flying over the City of Buenos
Aires and that was selected to participate in the "Emblem Bird" project. Discover its
most important characteristics and listen to the sound of its song to get to know it a
little more
Scientific name: Paroaria coronata
Other names: --
Size: 17cm
Description (main features):
• Characteristic red crest and chest-length hood.
• The back is leaden in color and its belly is white.
• Conical-shaped whitish beak.
They are trusting and can be seen next to the black-eyed thrush in many parks and
squares in Buenos Aires.
Habitat: squares and parks. Especially in those with a large surface area with
bushes or low trees, where they usually perch. They can also be seen roaming
grassy areas in search of food.

3) The blue dancer (in Argentina and Paraguay) or blue manakin (Chiroxiphia
caudata)
It is a species of passerine bird in the family Pipridae belonging to the genus
Chiroxiphia. It is native to eastern central South America.
Distribution and habitat
It is distributed in southeast Brazil (south of Goiás and south of Bahia south to west
Paraná and Río Grande del Sur), southeast of Paraguay and extreme northeast of
Argentina (Misiones, northeast of Corrientes).
This species is considered common in its natural habitat: the understory of
subtropical or tropical humid forests of the Atlantic Forest and highly degraded
ancient forests, mainly below 1500 m above sea level. n. m. of altitude.
Description
It measures between 14 and 15.5 cm in length. It has great sexual dimorphism.
The male is deep blue with a red crown and black head, wings and outer tail
feathers.
1) OSTRICH
Struthio camelus
It is the largest and strongest of all the birds that exist. The saying that they bury
their heads in the sand when they are afraid is not true. When they feel threatened,
they run away or face the enemy using their powerful legs to defend themselves.
Description
It is a bird of great corpulence. With a small head, long and muscular neck and
limbs but without feathers. And with two large toes on each paw with powerful
claws. The male has its body covered in black feathers, with white and silky
feathers on the wings and tail.
Habitat
They prefer warm, desert or semi-desert climates with plenty of sand. They
frequent savannahs, scrub areas, grasslands, steppes and even mountainous
terrain. It is distributed throughout an area of African geography that goes from
Senegal to Ethiopia and Somalia, in the South to Tanzania and with an isolated
population in South Africa.

1) DAMSIEL CRANE
Anthropoides virgo
It is the smallest of all cranes. They perform a “nuptial dance” that consists of
demonstrating their interest in forming a couple, performing a series of very striking
jumps.
They live as a couple for many years, some even for life.
During their migration they must cross the Himalayas, having to fly at altitudes
greater than 8000 meters.
Description
It is an elegant wading bird that has blue-gray, ash-colored plumage, except for the
head, much of the neck, and the elongated feathers on the chest and wings, which
are black.
Feeding
Omnivorous, it feeds on acorns, cereals, tubers, invertebrates, etc., in planting
areas, stubble, etc.
Habitat
It is distributed throughout Eastern Europe and central Asia, wintering in northwest
Africa, from India to the east, to Burma. It lives in dry lands of open plains and
plateaus. In winter it is found in meadows, swamps and farmland.

PEACOCK
Pavo cristatus
The domestic peacock descends from Pavo cristatus, which inhabited part of India.
Although it was already known to the Egyptians, it was not known in Europe until
the time of Alexander the Great. Worshiped by Hindus as a sacred bird, it was
declared the national bird in 1963.
It rests on trees, climbing them in the late afternoon and always uses the same
places.
The male occupies a fixed place to perform his displays to the females of his
species, to other birds and even to humans.
Description
Domestic and sedentary bird, its plumage is a very lively mix of colors from green
to red.
The male has a blue neck, two white spots above and below the eyes, on his head
he has a crest of very fine feathers and the tail is made up of very long feathers of
different colors. The female is less showy and does not have a fan-shaped tail.
There is a white or albino variety, but it is more common in captivity.
Feeding
It is omnivorous, feeding on worms, insects, small snakes, fruits, seeds, etc.
Habitat
It is originally from India. It lives in jungle areas, close to areas with water. Through
captive breeding it is spread throughout large areas of the world.
Status
1) Curlew (Numenius arquata)
The curlew breeds in a wide region that covers almost all of Europe, specifically in
the north and west of the continent. The nesting range of this species extends from
the temperate zones of western Europe to western Siberia, including the boreal
subarctic regions. It is distinguished by having a long, slightly curved beak, as well
as by its striking and attractive vocalization.
Wading birds: what they are and examples - Curlew (Numenius arquata)

2) Sandpiper (Calidris alba)

The sandpiper is present in the Bay of Cádiz, where it presents a prenuptial
passage with a maximum peak in March, followed by a post-nuptial passage with
its greatest abundance in September. It is characterized by running quickly after
the waves, capturing small bivalves, crustaceans and other small animals that are
dragged to the shore by the water.
Wading birds: what they are and examples - Sandpiper (Calidris alba)

3)
Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus)
In the Ebro Delta, the curlew is at its greatest abundance during the post-nuptial
period in July. In Catalonia and Valencia, it is considered a rather rare species in
both migratory passages and with irregular distribution during the winter season. It
has a length of 41 centimeters, a wingspan of 82 centimeters and a weight of 430
grams.