Cardiidae

Cardiidae

Tacsanomaíocht
For-ríocht	Holozoa
Ríocht	Animalia
Fíleam	Mollusca
Aicme	Bivalvia
Ord	Veneroida
Fine	Cardiidae Lamarck, 1809

Baineann an t-alt seo le fine mhór moileasc ina bhfuil thart ar 200 speiceas; má tá suim agat sa speiceas is coitianta ar chóstaí na hÉireann (Cerastoderma edule), féach Ruacan coiteann.

Is moileasc mara débhlaoscach inite é ruacan. Cé go dtugtar “ruacan” ar go leor débhlaoscach inite, is iad na speicis san fhine tacsanomaíochta Cardiidae na fíor-ruacain.

Cónaíonn ruacain ar thránna gainimh ar foscadh timpeall an domhain. Bíonn an sliogán cruinn agus siméadrach go déthaobhach, ar dhéanamh croí nuair a bhreathnaítear air ón deireadh. Feictear easnacha gathacha, spásáilte go cothrom, ar an sliogán sa chuid is mó de na géinis; is eisceacht é Laevicardium, na ruacain uibhe, a bhfuil sliogáin an-mhín orthu.

Tá an ruacan in ann a shliogán a dhúnadh go hiomlán; is é sin le rá, níl aon “bhearna” idir an dá thaobh. Cé go bhfuil cosúlacht idir sliogán an ruacain agus an muirín mar gheall ar na heasnacha, is féidir iad a idirdhealú ó thaobh moirfeolaíochta de, sa mhéid is nach bhfuil “cluaisíní” (cnapa beaga ar cruth cluaise i ngar don inse) ag an ruacan.

Tugtar an t-ainm “ruacan” ar roinnt speiceas nach bhfuil san fhine Cardiidae; mar shampla, an ruacan con (Glycymeris glycymeris), an ruacan croí (Glossus humanus), an ruacan cruinneánach (Sphaerium corneum), agus an ruacan piseánach (Pisidium casertanum). Ar an lámh eile, ní thugtar “ruacan” ar gach speiceas de chuid Cardiidae; mar shampla, is ball den fhine é an breallach mór.

Tá níos mó ná 205 speiceas beo san fhine, agus go leor foirmeacha iontaise eile.

Faightear an ruacan coiteann (Cerastoderma edule) go forleathan timpeall chóstaí Thuaisceart na hEorpa, chomh fada siar le hÉirinn, chomh fada ó thuaidh le Muir Barents, chomh fada soir leis an Iorua, agus chomh fada ó dheas leis an tSeineagáil.

Géinis

• Acanthocardia Gray, 1851
• † Acobaecardium Paramonova, 1986
• Acrosterigma Dall, 1900
• Adacna Eichwald, 1838
• Afrocardium Tomlin, 1931
• † Agnocardia Stewart, 1930
• † Aktschagylocardium Danukalova, 1996
• Americardia Stewart, 1930
• † Andrusovicardium Paramonova, 1986
• † Anechinocardium Hickman, 2015
• Apiocardia Olsson, 1961
• † Apscheronia Andrusov, 1903
• † Arcicardium P. Fischer, 1887
• † Arpadicardium Eberzin, 1947
• † Austrocardium Freneix & Grant-Mackie, 1978
• † Avicardium V. P. Kolesnikov, 1950
• † Avicularium Gray, 1853
• † Aviculocardium Bagdasarian, 1978
• † Bosphoricardium Eberzin, 1947
• Bucardium Gray, 1853
• † Budmania Brusina, 1897
• † Byssocardium Tournouër, 1882
• † Caladacna Andrusov, 1917
• Cardium Linnaeus, 1758
• † Caspicardium Astaf'yeva, 1955
• Cerastoderma Poli, 1795
• † Chartoconcha Andrusov, 1907
• † Chokrakia S. V. Popov, 2001
• Ciliatocardium Kafanov, 1974
• Clinocardium Keen, 1936
• Corculum Röding, 1798
• Ctenocardia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1857
• † Dacicardium Papaianopol, 1975
• Dallocardia Stewart, 1930
• Didacna Eichwald, 1838
• † Didacnoides Astaf'yeva, 1960
• † Didacnomya Andrusov, 1923 (neamhchinnte)
• † Digressodacna Davitashvili & Kitovani, 1964
• Dinocardium Dall, 1900
• Discors Deshayes, 1858
• † Diversicostata Vassoevich & Eberzin, 1930
• † Ecericardium Eberzin, 1947
• † Eoprosodacna Davitashvili, 1934
• † Ethmocardium White, 1880
• Europicardium Popov, 1977
• † Euxinicardium Eberzin, 1947
• Fragum Röding, 1798
• Freneixicardia J. A. Schneider, 2002
• Frigidocardium Habe, 1951
• Fulvia Gray, 1853
• † Gilletella Marinescu, 1973
• Glans Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811
• Goethemia Lambiotte, 1979
• † Goniocardium Vasseur, 1880
• † Granocardium Gabb, 1869
• † Habecardium Glibert & van de Poel, 1970
• † Hedecardium Marwick, 1944
• † Hellenicardium S. V. Popov & Nevesskaja, 2000
• Hippopus Lamarck, 1799
• † Horiodacna Stefanescu, 1896
• Hypanis Pander in Menetries, 1832
• † Integricardium Rollier, 1912
• Keenaea Habe, 1951
• Keenocardium Kafanov, 1974
• † Korobkoviella Merklin, 1974
• † Kubanocardium Muskhelishvili, 1965
• Laevicardium Swainson, 1840
• † Lahillia Cossmann, 1899
• † Limnodacna Eberzin, 1936
• † Limnopagetia Schlickum, 1963
• † Limnopappia Schlickum, 1962
• Lophocardiium P. Fischer, 1887
• † Loxocardium Cossmann, 1886
• Lunulicardia Gray, 1853
• † Luxuridacna Papaianopol, 1980
• † Lymnocardium Stoliczka, 1870
• Lyrocardium Meek, 1876
• Maoricardium Marwick, 1944
• † Merklinicardium S. V. Popov, 1982 (neamhchinnte)
• † Metadacna Eberzin, 1959
• Microcardium Keen, 1937
• Microfragum Habe, 1951
• † Miricardium Paramonova, 1986
• Monodacna Eichwald, 1838
• † Moquicardium Eberzin, 1947
• † Myocardia Vest, 1861 (neamhchinnte)
• † Nargicardium Eberzin, 1947
• Nemocardium Meek, 1876
• † Obsoletiformes Kojumdgieva, 1969
• † Omanidacna Harzhauser & Mandic, 2008
• † Oraphocardium Eberzin, 1949
• † Orthocardium Tremlett, 1950
• † Oxydacna Davitashvili, 1930
• † Pachydacna Eberzin, 1955
• † Pannonicardium Stevanović, 1951
• † Panticapaea Andrusov, 1923
• Papillicardium Sacco, 1899
• Papyridea Swainson, 1840
• † Papyrocardium Gabuniya, 1953 (neamhchinnte)
• † Paradacna Andrusov, 1909
• † Parapscheronia Eberzin, 1955
• Parvicardium Monterosato, 1884
• † Parvidacna Stevanović, 1950
• † Phyllocardium P. Fischer, 1887
• † Plagiocardium Cossmann, 1886
• † Plagiodacna Andrusov, 1903
• † Plagiodacnopsis Andrusov, 1923
• † Planacardium Paramonova, 1971
• † Plicatiformes Kojumdgieva, 1969
• † Pontalmyra Stefanescu, 1896
• Pratulum Iredale, 1924
• † Prionopleura Eberzin, 1949
• Procardium ter Poorten & La Perna, 2017
• † Prophyllicardium Jekelius, 1944 (neamhchinnte)
• † Prosochiasta Eberzin, 1959
• † Prosodacna Tournouër, 1882
• † Prosodacnomya Eberzin, 1959
• † Protocardia Beyrich, 1845
• † Protoplagiodacna Stevanović, 1978
• † Pseudocatillus Andrusov, 1903
• Pseudofulvia Vidal & Kirkendale, 2007
• † Pteradacna Andrusov, 1907
• † Raricardium Paramonova, 1986
• † Replidacna Jekelius, 1944
• Ringicardium
• † Schedocardia Stewart, 1930
• † Schirvanicardium Andreescu, 1974
• Serripes Gould, 1841
• † Stylodacna Stefanescu, 1896
• † Submonodacna Livental, 1931
• † Tauricardium Eberzin, 1947
• Trachycardium Mörch, 1853
• Tridacna Bruguière, 1797, na ollbhreallaigh
• † Tschaudia Davitashvili & Kitovani, 1964
• † Turcmena G. I. Popov, 1956
• Trigoniocardium
• Vasticardium Iredale, 1927
• Vepricardium Iredale, 1929
• † Uniocardium Capellini, 1880
• † Yokoyamaina Hayami, 1958
• † Zamphiridacna Motaş, 1974

Gallery

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  Acrosterigma cignorum
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  Ctenocardia fornicata
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  Ctenocardia virgo
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  Trachycardium maculosum
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  Sliogáin iontaise in Alberta, Ceanada
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  Vasticardium berschaueri