Mediterenian Lingua Franca

asụsụ, lingua franca, pidgin, extinct language, dead language
obere ụdị nke	Romance languages
Akụkụ nke	Indo-European
ụmụ amaala ka	Tunis Governorate
usoro ederede	Latin script
Ọkwa asụsụ Ethnologue	10 Extinct

Mediterranean Lingua Franca, ma ọ bụ Sabir, bụ asụsụ kọntaktị, ^[1] ma ọ bụ asụsụ, nke e ji mee ihe dị ka lingua franca na Mediterranean Basin site na narị afọ nke 11 ruo nke 19. ^[2] ^[3]Eprel McMahon kọwara Sabir dị ka "ihe ncheta nke narị afọ nke iri na ise" na "ihe nchere nke Lingua Franca mbụ, asụsụ oge ochie nke ndị ahịa Mediterenian na ndị agha ntụte ji. " ^[1] Operstein na McMahon kewara Sabir na "Lingua Franca" dị ka asụsụ dị iche ma nwee njikọ. [1] [2]

Okwu mmalite

Li franca pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "Asụsụ Frankish" na Late Latin, ọ na-ezo aka kpọmkwem na asụsụ e ji mee ihe gburugburu Oké Osimiri Mediterenian Ọwụwa Anyanwụ dị ka asụsụ bụ isi nke azụmahịa. ^[4] dị, a na-eji okwu ahụ bụ "Franks" eme ihe n'ezie maka ndị Europe Ọdịda Anyanwụ niile n'oge Oge Byzantium. Ka oge na-aga, ihe lingua franca pụtara gbasaa ka ọ pụta asụsụ ọ bụla. Aha ọzọ ya na mpaghara Mediterenian bụ Sabir, okwu jikọtara ya na saber ("saber") n'ọtụtụ asụsụ Iberian na nke Italian na Latin sapere na French savoir. ^{[citation needed]}

Mmalite ya

Dabere na asụsụ ndị dị n'ebe ugwu Ịtali (karịsịa Venetian na Genoese) na nke abụọ na Occitan-Romance_languages" id="mwOw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Occitano-Romance languages">Asụsụ Occitano-Romance (Katalan na Occitan) na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ Mediterenian na mbụ, Lingua Franca mechara nwee ọtụtụ ihe Spanish na Portuguese, ọkachasị na Barbary Coast (nke a na-akpọ Maghreb ugbu a). Lingua Franca gbazitekwara site na Berber, Turkish, French, Grik na Arabic. ^{[citation needed]}

Asụsụ nke asụsụ ahụ jiri akụkụ sitere n'ọtụtụ okwu ya. A na-eji infinitive eme ihe maka ụdị ngwaa niile na lexicon bụ isi Italo-Romance, yana interface Spanish. Dị ka ọ dị na Arabic, e belatara oghere ụdaume, a pụkwara ịhụ mmetụta Venetian na mwepụ nke ụdaume ụfọdụ na nkwụsị intervocalic. ^{[citation needed]}

Akụkọ ihe mere eme

A na-eji asụsụ a agwakọta eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe maka azụmahịa na mmekọrịta mba na mba ma bụrụkwa nke dị ugbu a n'etiti ndị ohu nke bagnio, Ndị ohi ụgbọ mmiri Barbary na ndị nnupụisi Europe na Algiers tupu ọchịchị. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndị mbụ jiri ya mee ihe bụ ndị Genoa na ndị Venetian na-azụ ahịa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Mediterenian mgbe afọ 1000 gasịrị. Ihe yiri ya na-enye aka na mkparịta ụka banyere nhazi nke Lingua Franca dị ka asụsụ. Ọ bụ ezie na nhazi ya bụ nke pidgin, ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta na-emegide nkewa ahụ ma kwere na a ga-ele ya anya nke ọma dị ka asụsụ nke Italian.

Hugo Schuchardt (1842-1927) bụ onye ọkà mmụta mbụ nyochara Lingua Franca n'usoro. Dabere na echiche monogenetic nke mmalite nke pidgins nke ọ mepụtara, ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri Mediterenian gụnyere ndị Portugal maara Lingua Franca. Mgbe Ndị Portuguese malitere inyocha oké osimiri nke Africa, America, Eshia na Oceania, ha gbalịrị iso ụmụ amaala kwurịta okwu site na ịgwakọta nsụgharị Portuguese nke Lingua Franca na asụsụ obodo. Mgbe ụgbọ mmiri ndị England ma ọ bụ ndị France bịara ịsọ mpi na ndị Portugal, ndị ọrụ ahụ gbalịrị ịmụta "Portuguese mebiri emebi". Usoro nke relexification mere ka asụsụ nke ndị na-emekọrịta ihe dochie anya Lingua Franca na Portuguese lexicon.

Echiche a bụ otu ụzọ isi kọwaa myirịta dị n'etiti ọtụtụ asụsụ pidgins na Asụsụ Creole nke Europe, dị ka Tok Pisin, Papiamento, Sranan Tongo, Krio na Chinese Pidgin English. Asụsụ ndị ahụ na-eji ụdị yiri sabir maka 'Amaara' na piquenho maka "ụmụaka". ^{[citation needed]}

Lingua Franca hapụrụ akara na slang Algeria na Polari ugbu a. E nwere akara ọbụna na aha ala, dị ka Cape Guardafui, nke pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "Cape Look and Escape" na Lingua Franca na Italian oge ochie.

Arụmụka

Ọtụtụ akụkụ nke Lingua Franca ka dị maka arụmụka na ndị ọkà mmụta dị iche iche nwere echiche dị iche iche. Nke ahụ bụ n'ihi na Lingua Franca bụ asụsụ a na-asụ n'ọnụ, na ụfọdụ akụkọ banyere ya na ihe atụ n'akwụkwọ, mana obere ihe site na ezigbo ihe atụ nke asụsụ a na'iji. Nke ahụ nwekwara ike igosipụta ọdịdị na-agbanwe agbanwe nke asụsụ ahụ.

Akụkụ arụmụka bụ nhazi asụsụ na mmalite nke okwu "lingua franca".

Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ahazi asụsụ ahụ dị ka pidgin, ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta na-ekwu na ọ bụ ihe na-ezighị ezi ma na-ezo aka na interlanguage nke Italian ma ọ bụ Asụsụ koiné.

Mmalite ọzọ maka okwu lingua franca gụnyere nsụgharị ya dị ka "asụsụ nweere onwe ya", ma eleghị anya na-ezo aka na azụmahịa nweere onwe onye, ma ọ bụ nsụgharị sitere na Arabic nke pụtara "asụsụ Latin" ma ọ bụ "asụsụ azụmahịa". ^[5] sụgharịrị ya ka ọ pụtara "Venetician" ma ọ bụ "asụsụ ọdịda anyanwụ" ma ọ bụrụ naanị "asụsụ French".

Hụkwa

Ịhụnanya Africa
Asụsụ Mozarabic
Lingua Franca Nova

Ihe edeturu

asaa ka ọ pụta asụsụ ọ bụla. Aha ọzọ ya na mpaghara Mediterenian bụ Sabir, okwu jikọtara ya na saber ("saber"). onwe onye, ma ọ bụ nsụgharị sitere na Arabic nke pụtara "asụsụ Latin" ma ọ bụ "asụsụ akụkọ banyere ya na ihe atụ n'akwụkwọ, mana obere ihe site na ezigbo ihe atụ nke asụsụ a na'iji.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Operstein. The syntactic structures of Lingua Franca in the Dictionnaire de la langue franque. Retrieved on May 29, 2023. “Although written representations of, and/or extra-linguistic comments on, LF come from more than one period and more than one area of the Mediterranean, the principal documentation of this contact language is circumscribed by the area of the Maghreb in the period between the second half of the sixteenth and the first half of the nineteenth century (Cifoletti 1989, 2004; Camus Bergareche 1993; Arends 1998; Couto 2002)”
↑ Bruni. Storia della Lingua Italiana: Gli scambi linguistici nel Mediterraneo e la lingua franca (it). Archived from the original on 2009-03-28. Retrieved on 2009-03-28.
↑ McMahon (1994). Understanding Language Change (in de). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44665-5. Retrieved on 2023-05-29.
↑ (2002) Lexico Triantaphyllide online dictionary, Greek Language Center (Kentro Hellenikes Glossas), lemma Franc (Φράγκος Phrankos), Lexico tes Neas Hellseenikes Glossas, G.Babiniotes, Kentro Lexikologias(Legicology Center) LTD Publications. Komvos.edu.gr. ISBN 960-86190-1-7. Retrieved on 2015-06-18. “Franc and (prefix) franco- (Φράγκος Phrankos and φράγκο- phranko-”
↑ Nolan (31 December 2019). The elusive case of lingua franca : fact and fiction. Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-36456-4. OCLC 1160234008.

Akwụkwọ

Hugo Schuchardt, "The Lingua Franca". .

Njikọ mpụga

Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke Asụsụ Franque ma ọ bụ Petit Mauresque, 1830. (N'asụsụ French)
Nkọwa okwu nke Lingua Franca, mbipụta nke ise, 2005, Alan D. Corré. Ọ na-agụnye isiokwu banyere asụsụ site n'aka ndị edemede dị iche iche na ederede sample.
Akụkọ na Sabir si Algeria
Lingua franca na Mediterenian (akwụkwọ Google)

Templeeti:Romance languages Templeeti:Italian language in the world Templeeti:Languages derived from French Templeeti:Interlanguage varieties Templeeti:Languages of Algeria Templeeti:Languages of Morocco Templeeti:Languages of Tunisia Templeeti:Languages of Sicily

[Operstein-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Operstein. The syntactic structures of Lingua Franca in the Dictionnaire de la langue franque. Retrieved on May 29, 2023. “Although written representations of, and/or extra-linguistic comments on, LF come from more than one period and more than one area of the Mediterranean, the principal documentation of this contact language is circumscribed by the area of the Maghreb in the period between the second half of the sixteenth and the first half of the nineteenth century (Cifoletti 1989, 2004; Camus Bergareche 1993; Arends 1998; Couto 2002)”

[2] Bruni. Storia della Lingua Italiana: Gli scambi linguistici nel Mediterraneo e la lingua franca (it). Archived from the original on 2009-03-28. Retrieved on 2009-03-28.

[McMahon_1994_p._256-3] McMahon (1994). Understanding Language Change (in de). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44665-5. Retrieved on 2023-05-29.

[HEL-4] (2002) Lexico Triantaphyllide online dictionary, Greek Language Center (Kentro Hellenikes Glossas), lemma Franc (Φράγκος Phrankos), Lexico tes Neas Hellseenikes Glossas, G.Babiniotes, Kentro Lexikologias(Legicology Center) LTD Publications. Komvos.edu.gr. ISBN 960-86190-1-7. Retrieved on 2015-06-18. “Franc and (prefix) franco- (Φράγκος Phrankos and φράγκο- phranko-”

[5] Nolan (31 December 2019). The elusive case of lingua franca : fact and fiction. Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-36456-4. OCLC 1160234008.

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